Blockchain scalability research proposes a five-layer framework to examine how blockchain can support AI agents, highlighting key challenges in data management, networking, consensus, execution, and application-level mechanisms. The study identifies future directions for building more reliable and scalable AI agent ecosystems.
Researchers develop a nickel carbene catalyzed asymmetric reduction of internal alkenes, achieving highly regioselective and enantioselective functionalization of inner alkenes. The method uses sterically hindered and tunably flexible NHC ligands, suppressing side reactions and achieving precise stereocontrol.
A new study suggests that younger, less genetically matched donors can produce encouraging outcomes for blood cancer patients. Researchers found that carefully selected mismatched donors can produce favorable outcomes, potentially widening access to a potentially lifesaving transplant.
Researchers found that hot temperatures during development reduced the brightness of Morpho butterfly iridescence, making them duller and more susceptible to predation. The effects of this color change on predators or possible mates remain unknown.
The PennPoa startup, founded by Penn State professor David Huff, has developed a strain of Poa annua that delivers professional putting surfaces at a fraction of the cost. The strain, which takes 8-12 weeks to establish, has hardy growth, density, and a fast putting surface, making it an ideal choice for luxury courses.
A meta-analysis of 9 studies on mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) found no evidence of symptom worsening in patients with recurrent depression. In contrast, MBCT was shown to decrease the risk of symptom worsening compared to other treatments, including antidepressants.
Researchers review evidence on potential transmission of amyloid-beta and CAA through blood transfusions, citing a 2023 study that found recipients of contaminated blood had a higher risk of brain bleeds. The authors argue for additional safety measures, citing a cautionary tale from the Infected Blood Inquiry.
A new study reveals how memories change with age, with older adults struggling to recall specific details and general knowledge becoming more prominent. The research highlights the importance of understanding how memory evolves over a lifetime, shedding light on how to support healthy cognitive ageing.
Scientists have captured the first real-time glimpse of cellular machinery reading DNA inside a cell, revealing a more dynamic process than previously thought. The study used cryo-electron microscopy to map intact transcription complexes, showing variations in the RNA polymerase II subunits that were unexpected.
A large international study suggests that age may influence lung cancer biology and could help guide more personalized treatment strategies. Younger adults with non-small cell lung cancer are significantly more likely to have genetic alterations that can be matched with targeted therapies.
Researchers at Texas A&M University used VR technology with scent and touch to reduce negative emotions and increase positive emotions in sailors on a U.S. Navy ship. The study found significant cognitive and emotional benefits, with applications beyond astronauts and long-term patients in hospitals.
A study led by Penn State researchers found that controlling red and blue wavelengths of white light can impact how people experience indoor temperatures, with a 1.3-degree Fahrenheit difference possible. The study aims to reduce heating and cooling demands and improve energy savings by widening people's thermal comfort zone.
McGill researchers have developed a more energy-efficient method for building AI systems that can measure and indicate their own uncertainty. This approach cuts memory and training costs while maintaining strong predictive performance. The researchers aim to make reliable, uncertainty-aware AI practical for large and complex systems.
Irrigated mountain hayfields act as large filtration systems, reducing nutrient concentrations in runoff and improving water quality. This study found that voluntary adoption of best management practices can effectively mitigate the impacts of agricultural nutrient use in mountain meadow hay systems.
A new computational tool called DANDELION has identified 21 genes related to asthma, most of which haven't been discovered by other methods. The tool focuses on trans-gene regulation and successfully validated the impact of these genes on asthma phenotypes in cell models and human data.
A study reveals systemic lipid metabolic rewiring in Bietti's crystalline dystrophy, with patients showing distinct plasma lipid signatures and compensatory metabolic network changes. The research also identifies potential blood-based biomarkers for disease monitoring and treatment safety.
The University of Tennessee is part of the NuCAMP initiative to advance nuclear manufacturing and construction in East Tennessee. The partnership aims to develop new manufacturing and construction methods for nuclear applications, as well as vocational training to support advanced nuclear reactors.
A new study published in Science Advances found that bacteria and fungi from Earth can survive for at least a week in shaded nooks and crannies around the lunar south pole. The study's findings highlight the need to better understand microbial persistence in extreme lunar environments, which is crucial for future space missions.
A new app, WeCareAdvisor, has shown promise in improving the quality of life for dementia caregivers by providing a systematic approach to manage behavioral symptoms. Caregivers who used the app reported significant reductions in distress and behavioral symptoms, as well as improved well-being.
Scientists from Johns Hopkins Medicine report that an experimental mRNA platform, N4-acetylcytidine (ac4C), causes cells to produce more therapeutic proteins to fight disease than the industry standard mRNA platform. This may eventually lead to more efficient drugs that require smaller doses.
Researchers Dr. Page Quinton and Dr. Michael Rygel will investigate ancient water chemistry to shed light on life on land and energy resources. The project will provide hands-on research experience for undergraduates and analyze Devonian-Permian sedimentary rocks.
A daily 20 mg dose of zinc reduced infections by 38% in children with sickle cell anemia, a genetic blood disorder that leaves them vulnerable to infections. The study's findings suggest a potential new strategy to decrease hospitalizations and save lives, with further research planned to confirm the results.
A new correspondence published in The Lancet highlights the importance of human health in the clean energy transition, citing a quintuple win of healthier populations, energy security, and climate mitigation. The authors recommend framing the transition around shared prosperity and wellbeing, and using metrics grounded in community har...
A chemotherapy-free combination of targeted therapies showed encouraging results in patients with HR-positive, HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer, offering a potential first-line treatment option. The regimen produced durable responses while maintaining a manageable safety profile for many patients.
Researchers found that over 145 teragrams of phosphorus have been applied as fertilizer since 1866, with only 52 teragrams remaining in cropland soils. The US could exhaust its domestic phosphorus supply within 40 years, making recycling and circular pathways crucial to meet growing food demands.
A new species of groundsnake, Lielaphis slashi, has been discovered in New Guinea and named after Slash from Guns N' Roses. The snake's unique characteristics and genetic makeup set it apart from other similar species.
A newly registered citrus greening treatment, developed from over a decade of research, has achieved full federal registration. The treatment, rooted in naturally occurring antimicrobial peptides from spinach, protects citrus trees from Huanglongbing disease. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has granted unconditional registrati...
Salk Institute researchers found microglia's novel way to contribute to ALS progression and death, using TAM receptors to find and kill motor neurons in spinal cords of mice with ALS. The study suggests a new target for therapy innovation, but notes the complexity of variables involved.
A Virginia Tech study reveals that multiple CD4 T-cell populations work together to control Cryptococcus neoformans, a deadly fungus that causes meningitis in immunocompromised individuals. The finding could lead to new preventive treatments that target a coordinated network of immune cells.
A deep-learning tool analyzed sinus CT scans, finding it more responsive to changes following treatment than traditional scoring methods. This technology has the potential to measure treatment response with greater precision.
Researchers at CUNY ASRC and Honeywell Aerospace developed pairs of ultrathin, nonmetallic coatings that work together to reduce heat transfer. The novel metasurface reduced thermal radiation emission by over 80% compared to nonstructured surfaces, maintaining performance across a wide range of operating temperatures.
Senescence unfolds in stages, not all at once, and can be suppressed without reversing the cells' permanent growth arrest. Different therapies create different forms of senescence, but ultimately lead to the same inflammatory response.
Researchers at UC Irvine developed lab-grown brain tissue with defined regional identity, reproducing molecular characteristics of prenatal human cortex. The model helped investigate fragile X syndrome and autism, highlighting potential developmental processes that can be studied in human tissue models.
Critical Path Institute (C-Path) has achieved ISO/IEC 27001:2022 certification, demonstrating its commitment to protecting sensitive information and partner trust. This certification reflects the organization's structured risk-based information security management system.
Monell researchers have developed a machine learning model to predict the similarity between scent mixtures, achieving a median RMSE of 0.08 and a Pearson correlation of 0.57. The model uses semantic language to describe scent mixtures, suggesting a significant leap forward in predicting scent similarities.
Researchers developed a solar-driven platform that converts desalination brine into a chemical resource for methane conversion, producing freshwater and value-added chemicals. The platform achieved 98.1% selectivity toward chloromethane production and maintained stable operation for 15 days.
Savannah River National Laboratory has won a 2026 R&D 100 Award for its 'Engineered Cermets for Advanced Reactor Waste Disposal' project, which aims to develop durable solutions for nuclear waste management. The project, co-developed with academia and industry partners, focuses on reducing storage footprint and environmental impact.
The German Research Foundation's roundtable emphasized the importance of transatlantic research cooperation and the role of universities in fostering these partnerships. Experts highlighted the need for strategic cooperation and independent research to tackle global challenges.
Researchers found that tree-layer α-diversity peaks at mid-elevation zones, while understory α-diversity shows a bimodal trend with two diversity peaks at 400-600m and 1000-1200m. Community composition differs among low-, mid- and high-elevation zones, driven by species turnover across elevational zones.
Researchers at FAMU-FSU College of Engineering and National High Magnetic Field Laboratory have designed a new quantum computing architecture using magnetic levitation to address design flaws in qubits. The design preserves the advantages of electron-on-neon qubits while removing randomness, making it more reproducible and scalable.
Researchers investigate DNA's physical properties, including shape, flexibility, and interactions with proteins, to understand gene expression and cell activity. The study found that evolution favors the preservation of mechanical stability in DNA molecules.
Researchers found that fluctuations in seawater chemistry followed the rhythm of ice ages, driven by Icelandic ice sheet dynamics. Volcanic material from Iceland released neodymium with distinct radiogenic signatures, influencing ocean circulation and geochemical cycles.
A randomized trial in 21 Japanese elementary schools found that students respond more strongly to environmental education when nature is framed around its human benefits rather than its intrinsic value. This approach increased students' short-term interest in the environment. In contrast, students who received an ecocentric framing sho...
Fractons, exotic quasi-particles, have been detected in a quantum solid-state model, paving the way for experimental verification. Theoretical physicists had predicted their existence in various systems, including quantum spin liquids, using highly generalised gauge field theories.
Researchers found that enhancing autophagy, a cellular recycling process, helps preserve retinal nerve cells in glaucoma models. This approach may protect against cell loss and degeneration, potentially complementing current treatments.
A new study led by the University at Buffalo sheds light on RNA's ability to form droplets, which may have helped give rise to the first cells. The study found that a tiny chemical difference between RNA and DNA enables RNA to more readily organize into droplets, particularly at high temperatures.
Researchers at Syracuse University found that stellar spin can explain the fading of black hole flares in repeating partial tidal disruption events. The study suggests that stars with rapid initial spin may produce flares that decline in brightness over time. This new understanding provides insight into the complex interactions between...
EU scientists highlight the essential role of mosquito control in tackling the increase in mosquito-borne diseases in Europe. The research emphasizes the need for continued investment in research to develop sustainable, evidence-based, and integrated mosquito control strategies. A One Health approach is also recommended to improve the ...
Paleontologists used carbon-dating to analyze over 7,500 fossils, revealing how sediment accumulation rates affect the preservation of fossils. By understanding these rates, researchers can determine the age of a fossil assemblage and extract valuable data from it.
Researchers found that Treg infiltration speed is the critical factor in determining PD-1 blockade immunotherapy outcomes. The team developed a mathematical model that accurately predicted this factor and validated it experimentally, identifying a promising new strategy to improve treatment outcomes.
A new training interface, World-Space Interface, mimics the movements of an excavator's arm and bucket, eliminating the need for mental maps to operate the machine. The system consists of a mechanical arm and a virtual simulator, allowing operators to physically control the excavator in a cab or remotely.
Researchers from Cornell University have created an interactive map identifying 1.8 million individual trees in New York City, which could optimize tree placement for cooling in cities worldwide. The map, using satellite imagery and on-the-ground datasets, is 82% accurate and includes trees on private property and in natural areas. The...
A new study by the University of Illinois Chicago found that time-restricted eating may be a safe and effective tool to control blood sugar levels in adults with Type 1 diabetes. The study, led by Krista Varady, showed a significant reduction in blood sugar levels after six months, with no increased risk of extreme highs or lows.
A recent study found that over half of US adults lack basic statistical understanding, despite a willingness to use statistics in decision-making if they knew more. The study suggests that a basic introduction to statistics can help people understand their own thinking better and become more informed consumers of science.
A new method called 'blocc chemistry' enables the automated assembly of molecules, making it possible for students and citizen scientists to participate in molecular innovation. The approach has already led to the discovery of top-in-class organic laser emitters and durable organic solar cell materials.
A study published in PLOS Biology found that brain synchrony between people of different generations increases when they create art together, predicting feelings of loneliness or social connection. Brain synchrony decreases between same-generation pairs, suggesting a dynamic relationship between social connections and brain activity.
Researchers developed an AI model combining physics and observations to reconstruct the Earth's mantle history. The model accurately recreated past temperatures and deep-mantle flow with high accuracy, indicating that combining complementary geophysical information is essential for recovering realistic mantle convection histories.
A Barcelona trial shows nature-based social prescribing with facilitated groups reduces loneliness among adults experiencing greater loneliness. Participants with higher emotional and social difficulties benefited more from the intervention.
A study reconstructing 23 million years of African megaherbivore evolution found that low rates of speciation drove their decline, not higher extinction rates. Larger species did not go extinct faster than smaller ones, but megaherbivores gave rise to new species much more slowly.
Scientists have discovered a new connection between energy-producing mitochondria and chronic inflammation in senescent cells, which promotes age-related diseases. Blocking a related gene and using a drug called CTPI-2 reduced inflammation and promoted healthier aging in mice.