The study found that regional deployment of marine cloud brightening could induce a global mean cooling of approximately 0.9°C, alleviating the global land drying trend. However, different regions exhibit varying responses, with some experiencing mitigated or overcompensated drought stress, while others face exacerbated conditions.
Researchers developed a purple fabric that reflects 87.6% of solar radiation and emits 96.4% of mid-infrared radiation, making it a highly effective cooling material. The fabric was tested in outdoor conditions and showed a significant cooling effect, making it suitable for people who spend long periods outdoors.
Participants took on roles in manufacturing, logistics, and inventory management, experiencing a supply chain firsthand through a game. The workshop taught key concepts like Toyota's Lean principles, including the Kanban system and Kaizen, to build an intuitive understanding of supply chain management.
Researchers at Kyoto University have developed a transistor that can operate at 600°C, leveraging the intrinsic properties of SiC to improve controllability and reduce leakage currents. The bottom-gate design significantly enhances the device's performance, paving the way for practical use in extreme-temperature electronics.
A team of researchers has developed a low-loss silicon nitride waveguide that generates broadband light on a chip by replacing hydrogen with deuterium. The waveguide demonstrates a chip-scale waveguide that stretches infrared laser pulses into a spectrum running from visible red to deep into the infrared.
A nationwide Swedish study found that people with bipolar disorder who took semaglutide had significantly lower rates of psychiatric hospitalization. The study suggests that GLP-1 signaling may help protect the brain and improve mood stability.
Researchers developed a filament extrusion system to process recycled PET from waste plastic bottles, producing filament suitable for 3D printing. The recycled PET filament demonstrated competitive mechanical performance compared to PLA, highlighting its potential as a feedstock for additive manufacturing.
A KAIST research team developed a 3D digital twin of a commercial graphite anode to analyze localized degradation mechanisms during fast charging. They found that binder and pore space distribution significantly impacted battery performance and lifespan.
A 10-fold increase in new case rate of type 2 diabetes in young people under 20 years old since the turn of century has led to a significant shift in the disease's demographics. The study found an accelerating trend in type 2 diabetes incidence, with a 3.8% annual increase between 2002 and 2023.
A new Cochrane map has identified significant gaps in dengue prevention research, with most studies lacking synthesis into reliable reviews that policymakers can use. The map highlights areas such as vaccine implementation, adult mosquito control, and environmental interventions, which require more evidence to inform effective dengue c...
A deep learning model called IncResUnet detects plasma bubbles in the ionosphere with high accuracy. The model achieved an F1-score of 0.914 on the FORMOSAT-1 test set and outperformed traditional threshold methods.
Researchers propose a new numerical method for binary asteroid systems, achieving numerical accuracy and structure preservation. The method outperforms existing methods in energy conservation and orthogonality preservation, making it suitable for long-term predictions and planetary defense mission planning.
Researchers created a technology that controls the thickness and structure of a polymer coating, allowing more water droplets to form and detach quickly. This enhances heat transfer performance during condensation, improving energy efficiency in power plants and industrial applications.
Researchers from Tokyo Metropolitan University have derived design rules for thermoelectric materials by optimizing band structure, a map showing electron states. This work promises a shift towards rational material design, enabling efficient conversion of waste heat to electricity and reducing oil and gas consumption.
Researchers have developed an oral therapy that protects healthy tissue from radiation while preserving radiation's ability to destroy cancer cells. The therapy, called XOlacta, is packaged in milk-derived extracellular vesicles and can be administered orally, reducing damage to tissues and preserving tumor treatment effectiveness.
Researchers developed a first-in-class therapy targeting MYC, a protein involved in 70% of cancers, by disrupting its relationship with GSPT1. This approach showed strong anti-cancer activity in multiple types of blood cancers, including treatment-resistant models.
A new University of Pittsburgh study found that low-frequency deep brain stimulation improves control of facial and tongue muscles involved in speaking and swallowing after traumatic brain injury. The treatment showed small but significant improvements in word intelligibility for one participant with TBI.
A team of researchers created a fishbone catalyst that efficiently converted waste agricultural film into olefin-rich bio-oil through microwave-assisted pyrolysis. The catalyst achieved a bio-oil yield of 89.32 wt.%, with olefins accounting for 84.03% of the oil and C6–C12 compounds dominating the hydrocarbon fraction.
The article proposes a new statistical governance framework to standardize energy-use tracking in global data centers. AI-driven identification workflows and non-intrusive load monitoring are used to distinguish data center workloads from mixed-use commercial premises.
Researchers developed a technique to assess the reliability of medical imaging tools, which can be used to evaluate quantitative imaging methods and build confidence in these technologies. The technique, called NGSE-Corr, was shown to accurately rank imaging methods for 91% of trials and identify the most precise method for 95% of trials.
Cool river temperatures in first 15 days after fertilization are crucial for survival, with warm years limiting survival. Research suggests strategies like reintroduction to historical habitat may be more effective in the long run than targeting specific cold water releases.
Astronomers discover that massive galaxies in the early universe contain more small stars than expected, challenging current understanding of galaxy formation. The study uses NASA's James Webb Space Telescope to reveal the hidden mass of low-mass stars in these galaxies.
Researchers developed a method to quantify individual cell damage using molecular markers, enabling detailed analysis of disease progression in tissue samples. This method can distinguish early disease mechanisms and differentiate between patient-specific and general disease progression.
A new paper by the American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma recommends making automatic crash notification (ACN) and advanced automatic crash notification (AACN) systems standard safety features in every new vehicle. These systems can provide critical information to emergency responders, such as the vehicle's location and poten...
A Stanford Medicine study found that estrogen-only menopausal hormone therapy may reduce the risk of Alzheimer's disease in women. The study, which analyzed brain autopsies and cerebrospinal fluid samples, found a 35% reduction in Alzheimer's-related pathological deposits in women who used estrogen-only MHT.
Dr. Alkhouli brings over a decade of editorial leadership experience to JACC: Cardiovascular Interventions, a journal that has shaped interventional cardiology for nearly two decades. He aims to further the journal's role in defining the future of interventional cardiovascular medicine.
Scientists have identified multiple targets for antibodies that could treat Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, a deadly virus spread by ticks. The research found that antibodies targeting the nucleocapsid protein offer protection against the virus, regardless of strain, and could lead to the development of new treatments.
Researchers create two-headed molecule that physically links a cancer-causing protein with another molecule that switches on cell death mechanisms. In mice, treatment with the molecule eliminated aggressive lymphoma tumors within 11 days, with no obvious signs of toxicity.
Researchers explore materials that can store, convert and release heat while maintaining human comfort and mechanical requirements. The review highlights emerging strategies for combining photothermal conversion with wearable technologies for thermal management and intelligent healthcare.
Researchers discovered that three bacteria, including P. inefficax, can alter the soil microbiome to protect wheat from a fungus that causes root rot. The bacteria increase root biomass, exhibit growth-promoting genes, and produce beneficial plant compounds, strengthening the plant's defenses.
Scientists at Penn State have developed a new method for seismic imaging using thunderstorms, which can be used to study the Earth's subsurface structure and image the subsurface without traditional seismic sources. This method allows for easier imaging in less accessible locations, such as the Arctic or urban areas.
Melchor Antuñano joins UCF College of Medicine to design new procedures and technologies for astronauts, pilots, and airplane passengers. He will also create a new master’s degree in aerospace medicine and a residency program for aerospace medicine physicians.
A new molecular compound, TOFA, identified by UC Berkeley scientists, helps cells burn extra energy with no change in food intake or exercise, improving insulin sensitivity and glucose control. The treatment, which works by increasing energy expenditure, shows promise in mouse models and may be used in combination with GLP-1 medications.
Researchers discovered that Trypanosoma cruzi, the Chagas disease parasite, alters its RNA to adapt to infect mammals, a process that could lead to new treatments. The study found that modifications in transfer RNA facilitate protein production, influencing the parasite's transformation from a non-infective to an infectious phase.
The FDA has cleared the PrecivityAD2 blood test, developed by C2N Diagnostics, to aid in the early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. The test uses high-resolution mass spectrometry to measure biomarkers associated with amyloid pathology, providing more accurate and reliable results than cerebrospinal fluid tests.
A new UCLA-led study finds that concrete's natural absorption of carbon dioxide is too slow and small to meaningfully offset the emissions released when cement is made. Researchers argue that the industry should prioritize active technological measures to reduce emissions, including reducing cement use and adopting alternative fuels.
UT MD Anderson recognized 58 faculty members for their exceptional contributions to cancer research, patient care, and education. The institution also honored six early-career Faculty Scholars, six recipients of the Faculty Achievement Awards, and six faculty members with UT MD Anderson's most prestigious endowed faculty awards.
Two OU-led research teams have been awarded nearly $1.4 million in funding under the DOE's Genesis Mission to develop AI for enhanced geothermal systems and quantum computing. OU's projects align with the university's impact-centers research priorities and address the Genesis Mission's pillars of Energy Dominance and Discovery Science.
Scientists in the University of California San Diego laboratory used AI to decipher the 'initiator' DNA sequence, which is responsible for gene activation. The researchers found that about 60% of human genes contain the initiator, enabling the prediction of DNA mutations that can lead to various disorders.
A study by Texas A&M University researchers found that poor housing, high crime, and underfunded schools play a bigger role in limiting access to healthy food in historically redlined neighborhoods. The study suggests that policy changes and community engagement are needed to improve food security in these areas.
Microplastic pollution in dryland dumpsites accelerates due to intense sunlight, heat, wind, and open burning, transforming plastics into smaller, more reactive particles that spread through soil, air, water, and food systems. Aging microplastics increase metal adsorption and organic pollutant partitioning, posing emerging biological r...
Researchers found that aging microplastics can increase the binding of fluorinated pesticides like fluensulfone in agricultural soils. The smallest aged particles showed the strongest effects, with 30-35% of retained fluensulfone bound to PVC microplastics.
Three UVA computer science professors, Matthew Dwyer, Sebastian Elbaum, and Mary Lou Soffa, were inducted into the ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Academy for their profound impact on the field through research, practice, and education. Their collective work represents decades of contributions to software engineering and the education...
A new membrane combines food waste-derived biochar, graphene, and a phase change material to store thermal energy, improve heat transfer, and manage moisture. The membrane exhibits high thermal conductivity and water vapor permeability, making it suitable for energy recovery ventilation and smart building systems.
A US national laboratory research collaboration aims to accelerate the qualification of critical nuclear components for the US energy supply chain. The project leverages additive manufacturing and AI tools to enable the rapid expansion of domestic nuclear manufacturing capabilities, boosting energy security and competitiveness.
Researchers used super-resolution microscopy to track cancer drug sunitinib inside living cells, revealing its impact on cellular systems. The study found that sunitinib triggers a cascading breakdown of the systems that power, organize, and sustain the cell, contributing to cell function loss and survival.
Researchers found that NF1 loss in ER+ breast cancer cells promotes bone metastasis by inducing osteoclast formation and immunosuppression, leading to a self-reinforcing cycle of cancer growth and bone damage.
A new book argues that adult children are cutting ties with their families of origin in favor of creating a chosen family environment. Research by Ohio State University professor Rin Reczek found that adult children who go 'no contact' with one or both parents elect estrangement as a last resort. The data shows that estrangement is dri...
Researchers studied the impact of a pharmaceutical merger on prices of over-the-counter cough and cold medicines in the Philippines. The study found that while some efficiencies were real, they did not lead to lower prices for all products, and in some cases, prices even increased.
A UC study found that only 15% of eligible American adults discuss lung cancer screenings with their doctors, highlighting the need for increased awareness and education about the lifesaving procedure. The study suggests that stigma and fear around lung cancer, as well as lack of information about the low-dose CT scan, may be barriers ...
The Deliverome Project aims to create a large-scale, open-access atlas of human cell surface proteins to aid in drug development. By developing new technologies and collecting data, researchers can identify surface proteins that can deliver cargo into cells, leading to more diverse and effective treatments for rare diseases.
Dr. Mina Sedrak has received a $3.6 million NIH grant to develop strategies for improving physical recovery and reducing frailty in older adults after hematopoietic cell transplantation. The grant will support a multisite randomized clinical trial testing the effectiveness of combining exercise with a senolytic therapy in improving phy...
Noah Golowich wins the Hertz Thesis Prize for his work on stable outcomes in game theory and reinforcement learning. His thesis,
A study combining three brain scans found a higher number of dopamine D2 receptors in autistic brains, suggesting a link between the dopamine system and autism. The researchers also found that the dopamine system affects communication between brain regions differently in autistic participants.
Patients with heart failure, caregivers, and providers are open to mobile health (MIH) adoption, but financial and regulatory challenges hinder its reach and sustainability. MIH programs can reduce ED transports, but their financial viability is constrained by Medicare's transport-based EMS reimbursement structure.
Researchers develop technology to capture 3D molecular snapshots of hair follicles and reconstruct time to visualize organ formation. By analyzing hair follicle development, scientists may gain insights into congenital conditions and develop new treatments for hair loss.
Researchers at Columbia University Irving Medical Center found that depression stalls neurogenesis in the adult brain's hippocampus, impairing pattern separation and memory recall. The study identified molecular programs controlling neurogenesis, which may lead to new therapies for depression.
Researchers propose a reconfigurable ferroelectric chiral nanostructure for fast-switchable optical differentiation, achieving remarkable performances in edge detection. The device can switch between optical differentiation and bright-field imaging, with a switching time of 62 microseconds.
The RACER-Knee trial found that robotic-assisted knee replacement surgery resulted in similar patient outcomes as traditional surgery, including recovery, mobility, and pain levels. Despite increased precision, the technology did not translate to improved patient outcomes within the first year after surgery.
A large-scale expansion of offshore wind energy could lead to increased precipitation over offshore wind farm areas, while precipitation in adjacent coastal regions could decrease. This is due to wind turbines extracting part of the wind's kinetic energy and increasing atmospheric turbulence.