A review suggests targeting LRG1 could provide a new approach to cancer therapy, with extracellular blockade and intracellular degradation potentially addressing different components of LRG1 biology. This could complement established anti-angiogenic treatments and enhance apoptosis in cancer cells.
This special issue of Cancer Biology & Medicine presents a comprehensive snapshot of global cancer incidence and mortality, highlighting emerging trends and risk factors. The collection offers actionable insights for prevention and early detection, leveraging large-scale population data and innovative analytical frameworks.
A new study suggests that phytoene, a colorless precursor of lycopene, may contribute to tomatoes' protective effects against fatty liver disease. Mice given phytoene developed substantially less fatty liver disease than those without the compound.
Researchers at the Max Delbrück Center used proteomics and AI to identify a seven-protein signature in blood plasma that reliably indicates vasculitis remission. This biomarker could enable precise treatment with fewer side effects, improving patient outcomes.
A USF researcher explores whether human oversight is meaningful when AI has already shaped the information reaching a decision-maker, raising questions about AI ethics and responsibility. The researcher's findings highlight the need for greater awareness of the systems in which AI research and use are embedded.
A new study found that extreme heat is associated with higher alcohol consumption among adults 50 and older, particularly those with negative childhood experiences. The study suggests that experiences from childhood may remain relevant to drinking patterns decades later.
Researchers at Van Andel Institute discovered that Legionella bacteria use a protein called RomA to manipulate the host's epigenetic landscape, allowing it to survive and multiply. However, this manipulation is also subject to the host's rules, revealing a complex two-way conversation between host and pathogen.
A WVU researcher is working to make AI systems more transparent about their uncertainty, to prevent misinformation and improve trust in high-stakes fields like healthcare. The goal is for AI systems to identify when they're unsure and ask questions or provide more nuanced responses.
A study led by Albert Einstein College of Medicine found that children of centenarians live longer and have lower risks of cardiovascular disease and hypertension. The research, analyzing data from three geographically diverse studies, suggests that inherited biological factors beyond lifestyle contribute to exceptional healthy aging.
A study by Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago found that cochlear implants can significantly improve hearing and listening skills in children with severe hearing loss, even at younger ages. The study showed that most children experienced meaningful improvements within a year after receiving a cochlear implant.
A new study from Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health found that neighborhoods with medium levels of walkability had a 15% lower rate of developing type 2 diabetes after gestational diabetes mellitus. However, the association varied depending on individual and neighborhood socioeconomic circumstances, including Medicai...
Researchers Vincent Vatter and Robert Brignall found 55 times out of 1096 daily puzzles, the game 'lied' about high scores, with an average error of 2 points. They computed the true high score for every possible combination using a novel approach to reduce the apparent complexity of the problem.
A national study led by Lurie Children's Hospital finds that doctors may not always agree on common signs of pneumonia, such as crackles and decreased breath sounds, when examining the same child. The study suggests that a physical exam alone may not be enough to confidently diagnose pneumonia in children, highlighting the need for bet...
A study of 1.26 million bariatric surgery patients found 5.3% had extreme obesity, defined as a BMI of 60 kg/m² or higher. Despite a higher burden of health conditions, surgical risk remained relatively low, with complications occurring in 2.57% of cases.
UT MD Anderson Cancer Center is honoring the exceptional leadership of Dr. Peter Pisters, who announced his retirement to focus on his next career chapter. Dr. Jeffrey E. Lee has been named interim president, effective immediately, and will work closely with Pisters until the end of September.
A study published in the Journal of Nutrition Education & Behavior found that adults with visual impairment have medium to high culinary skills, but still face barriers to independent meal preparation, underscoring the need for accessible cooking education and support. The study identified factors associated with culinary skill levels,...
A global initiative, Global Wastewater Day, was launched to harness wastewater as an early warning system for public health protection. The initiative brings together scientists, governments, and public health organisations to establish a coordinated global wastewater intelligence network.
Researchers developed flexible living textiles based on caterpillar fungus, enabling growth, repair, and environmental response. The materials also exhibit biological functions, such as self-cleaning surfaces and ultraviolet protection.
Researchers propose a quantitative view of temporal encoding in cellular signaling, suggesting that patterns of signaling activity over time carry information. This 'temporal code' offers a fundamental information-theoretic advantage over classical concentration-based encoding, enabling cells to process complex signals.
A team developed a bio-inspired flexible bimodal sensor that enables simultaneous photoelectric and pressure sensing, achieving high accuracy in object recognition and navigation. The sensor's homologous perception strategy provides inherently aligned signals without post-hoc fusion, enabling multimodal sensing applications.
SEAS researchers demonstrate a unique 'all-mechanical coherence protection' of a silicon-vacancy spin in diamond using continuous mechanical driving fields made of phonons. This approach extends the spin coherence time by roughly a factor of three, establishing the potential for compact, sound-based quantum networks on chips.
A new dysphagia nursing quality evaluation index system was developed for neurosurgical inpatients with stroke using the three-dimensional quality model and Delphi method. The system showed acceptable expert authority and preliminary internal consistency, suggesting potential applicability for nursing quality monitoring.
Researchers discovered that metformin significantly reduces the risk of early and preterm births for mothers at high metabolic risk. In a study published in the New England Journal of Medicine, women taking metformin had a 35% lower odds of giving birth prematurely compared to those receiving a placebo.
Researchers found that bats have evolved genes that enable them to live longer without disease, and that this adaptability is linked to their ability to resist cancer. The study suggests that bats' unique genetic mechanism allows them to diversify gene function, potentially leading to new insights for human health.
Researchers develop a polymer nanogel system called Nano-ERASER that uses antibodies to degrade targeted proteins, inducing neuron regeneration and restoring neural circuits in human brain organoids and mice with Alzheimer's disease. The study provides a critical step in regenerative neuroscience, offering a roadmap for a potential cure.
A new study found that people with Parkinson’s disease have altered extracellular vesicles in their stool samples, suggesting changes in microbial communication. The study suggests that these vesicles could serve as biomarkers for the disease and potentially reveal new therapeutic targets.
Scientists at HZB developed a solution to improve perovskite growth on textured silicon substrates, using a caesium chloride seed layer to enhance uniformity and prevent lead iodide formation. This boosts efficiency in tandem solar cells to record values.
A new study from Northwestern University found that coronary calcium scans are most valuable for patients with borderline cardiovascular risk. The scans added relatively little to risk prediction from existing risk calculators, but provided a clearer picture for those at intermediate risk. The study suggests that not everyone needs a c...
A US study found that low neighborhood opportunity is associated with a higher concentration of fatal police pursuit incidents. Disproportionate impact on low-opportunity communities was observed, suggesting that future research should examine pursuit frequency and lethality differences.
GLP-1 receptor agonists were associated with lower mortality and cardiovascular events in serious mental illness patients. The benefits were evident within 1 year and were consistent across subgroups, driven by semaglutide and tirzepatide.
Scientists have developed a technique to measure the spectrum of a single molecule without destroying it. By using quantum information processing, they were able to detect the absorption of individual photons and identify a characteristic molecular vibration. This breakthrough enables precise spectroscopy of complex molecules and paves...
Researchers have developed paramedic cockroaches with cameras and medical injectors to deliver supervised emergency care to people trapped in collapsed buildings. The 'Paraborgs' achieved 95% success with close-range injection, demonstrating their potential to extend the reach of emergency medicine.
Researchers investigated the influence of thermocapillary convection on phase-change material melting under varying gravity conditions. The study found that aspect ratio is a key factor in determining the dominant convective regime, with thermocapillary effects dominating in flat cavities and natural convection dominating in cavities w...
Researchers at the University of Osaka found that pertussis-associated DNA in wastewater increased before reported cases, indicating a new early warning system for pertussis outbreaks. Wastewater surveillance has the advantage of capturing broader community-level trends, including mild or asymptomatic infections.
The Roman Space Telescope will discover new exoplanets using the Coronagraph Instrument, which combines coronagraphs and adaptive optics for improved contrast ratios. The telescope will also investigate the history of the universe and the contributions of dark matter and dark energy.
A research team has produced the first experimental verification of a theoretically predicted flow state in the interiors of rapidly rotating celestial bodies. The experiment replicated the physical processes that occur in stars and planets, providing a robust experimental basis for testing theoretical models.
JMIR Publications invites submissions on misinformation in scientific publishing to advance research integrity and quality. The journal explores mechanisms, detection, and mitigation strategies to counter the spread of misinformation in scholarly publishing.
A Swedish study published in JAMA Network Open reveals that patients treated with finasteride for benign prostatic hyperplasia experienced fewer serious complications after an acute heart attack. The risk of serious complications was 20.8% among those treated with finasteride, compared to 24.3% among matched controls.
SwRI has developed advanced computer models to realistically simulate supercritical CO₂ environments for CCUS, allowing for the testing of downhole equipment with CO₂. The test rig and computational models enable the observation of tool performance and reliability in realistic conditions.
Microplastics have been found throughout a protected Florida wetland, with concentrations highest along waterways. The study reveals that water movement plays a crucial role in transporting and concentrating microplastics within the ecosystem.
The book 'Power in Listening: The Sounding Out! Reader' explores how sound and listening shape our daily lives, culture, and political systems. It features 30 revised and expanded essays on topics such as sound and racial privilege, memoir as method, and popular culture, drawing on experiences from artists, activists, and scholars.
A study finds that dementia with Lewy bodies preferentially affects certain brain regions, including those with genes linked to mitochondrial function and synapses. These regions show distinctive patterns of serotonin, dopamine, and GABA receptors, suggesting a potential target for new treatments.
A study by the University of Copenhagen found that only 13% of workplaces in Denmark are ready to introduce more plant-based lunches, while 42% are resistant to change. Workplaces with high tertiary activities and employees who eat less meat tend to be more open to change.
Researchers partnered with Navajo Nation tribal leaders to educate residents on safe drinking water sources. They identified high levels of uranium and other heavy metals in well water, and developed best practices for distributing educational resources.
Scientists have created more durable and adjustable colors inspired by butterfly wings, offering a safer alternative to traditional pigments. The new colors, produced from pterin crystals, are also environmentally friendly and have commercial potential.
A study of over 2,000 people in the US and China found that the distinction between medical and non-medical traits does not match public preferences. When given information, people decide not to implant embryos with a raised chance of low IQ or antisocial behavior about as often as they decide not to implant embryos with a raised chanc...
Researchers have created a 3D map of a hidden 'rock glacier' in the Wasatch Mountains, one of over 800 in Utah, and found it contains enough frozen water to fill 600 Olympic swimming pools. The study uses a novel technique to image the 3D ice body within a large rock glacier, revealing the scale of ice storage in Utah's mountains.
Researchers discovered a molecular mechanism that helps plants stay cool during heat stress by keeping their natural cooling system active. The protein UBP24 plays a key role in regulating leaf pores to allow for evaporation and cooling.
Researchers at La Jolla Institute for Immunology have developed a vaccine that uses T cells to fight Zika virus, but one vaccine, with both antibody and T cell protection, showed long-term protection against the virus. This discovery offers a new hope in the fight against Zika and its close viral relatives.
Tuberculosis bacteria can evolve to withstand airborne transmission and generate antibiotic resistance, according to a new study. Researchers identified a DNA repair gene called Mfd that helps certain drug-resistant strains survive transmission.
A hospital-based intervention combining training, quality improvement, and leadership support has been shown to reduce stillbirths and newborn deaths in sub-Saharan Africa. The study, published in Nature Medicine, found a 22% decrease in early perinatal death and a 19% reduction in oxygen-deprivation-related complications among newborns.
A new study suggests that large volcanic eruptions can disrupt the relationship between atmospheric circulations of the tropical Indian and Pacific oceans. Human-caused greenhouse gas emissions are now driving an unprecedented breakdown in inter-basin coupling, according to researchers.
A new AI framework reduces computational effort needed to optimize solid oxide electrolysis cells, improving hydrogen production efficiency and thermal stability. The framework achieved 14% improvement in electrochemical performance index and 80% reduction in temperature differences compared to baseline conditions.
The HydroGym platform uses reinforcement learning to train AI agents for actively controlling fluid flows, reducing drag and friction by up to 65%. The platform enables the systematic study of complex flows and improves the efficiency of airplanes, wind turbines, and other applications.
Researchers developed a tri-layer composite solid electrolyte with enhanced ionic conductivity and mechanical durability, boosting lithium-ion mobility and suppressing dendrite formation. The new electrolyte achieved nearly four times higher ionic conductivity and demonstrated over 1000 hours of stable cycling in symmetric cell tests.
A new, simplified amoeba-inspired computing model streamlines information-processing while enabling physical implementation, breaking volume-conservation law constraints. The model enables diverse materials and physical phenomena, solving combinatorial optimization problems with improved efficiency.
The RENI-1 study found durable and clinically meaningful outcomes for niraparib maintenance therapy in ovarian cancer patients, with median PFS reaching 36.5 months. Long-term niraparib use was feasible, particularly in patients with BRCA1/2 mutations, and did not adversely affect quality of life.
A large UK study found that hormone replacement therapy (HRT) may reduce the risk of dementia, particularly for women who have undergone surgical menopause. The study, which followed over 180,000 postmenopausal women, found that HRT was associated with a 16% lower risk of developing Alzheimer's disease compared to non-users.
A new AI-based diagnosis tool can detect hypertension and diabetes from a single facial video, with high accuracy and potentially reaching far more people than traditional screening methods. The algorithm can estimate blood pressure from a facial video alone, without a cuff.
Researchers emphasize the need for personalized drug delivery systems that consider tumor biology, location, and patient factors to effectively treat oral cancer. Mucoadhesive films, oral sprays, and injectable hydrogels are promising technologies, but their translation to clinical use depends on practical considerations.