Researchers at Tokyo Medical and Dental University have developed a polymeric nanoparticle gene delivery system that promotes bone formation after traumatic inflammation. The therapy inhibits excessive inflammation and prevents residual ridge resorption, leading to improved tissue healing after tooth extraction.
A study by Tokyo Medical and Dental University reveals that chronic kidney disease promotes vascular calcification by altering signaling molecules in blood vessel walls. The researchers identified four microRNAs that target a key pathway driving calcification, providing potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for both diseases.
A new study from Tokyo Medical and Dental University sheds light on the neural stem cell niche's composition during development. Researchers found that vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) plays a crucial role in maintaining NSPCs under hypoxic conditions, promoting lower rates of cell death and increased cell proliferation.
A recent study found that the side effects of treating brain diseases with antisense oligonucleotides are related to altered calcium balance. By modulating calcium levels, researchers hope to reduce neurotoxicity and improve treatment outcomes for various neurological diseases.
Scientists from Tokyo Medical and Dental University find that antibody fragments encapsulated in nanomicelles can reduce toxic Aβ species in the brain of an Alzheimer's disease model mouse. This breakthrough delivers treatment to where it is needed most, potentially slowing AD progression.
Researchers from Tokyo Medical and Dental University investigated the safety of anti-VEGF drug Aflibercept in a cell culture model exposed to HTLV-1. The study found that treatment did not increase pro-viral load or proliferation of RPE cells, suggesting potential for intraocular use.
A new subset of B lymphocytes has been found to play a crucial role in promoting the clearance of microbes by enhancing the production of innate immune cells. The discovery highlights the importance of adaptive immune cells in responding to infections and could lead to new strategies for combating serious diseases.
Researchers analyzed MRI images of Olympic athletes' injuries during the 2020 Tokyo Games and found that those with tendon tears were more likely to drop out. The study aims to improve injury management and prevention by understanding different types of muscle injuries and their outcomes.
Researchers found that schizophrenia patients' brains have highly modular semantic networks with distinct categories and disorganized structure, leading to impaired thought processes. This study provides new insights into the 'loosening of associations' in schizophrenia.
Researchers have developed a new method to synthesize functionalized dibenzoazacyclooctynes, expanding the possibilities for strain-promoted azide–alkyne cycloaddition reactions in biomolecular analysis. This work enables precise modification of cellular components without affecting overall cell physiology.
Researchers from Tokyo Medical and Dental University found that PQBP5/NOL10 is a core structural element of the nucleolus, forming a meshwork that supports other nucleolar substructures. It remains in the nucleolus under osmotic stress conditions and anchors reassembly of the nucleolar structure.
Collagen deposition at injured sites in the gut stimulates cellular reprogramming, converting mature cells into fetal-like cells to generate new tissue. This process has implications for understanding intestinal inflammation and potentially colorectal carcinogenesis.
Researchers found that xanthan gum-based fluid thickener decreases postprandial blood glucose levels by increasing Glp1 and Glp1r expression in the ileum. Additionally, the study reveals alterations in gut microbiome composition, favoring beneficial bacteria that produce short-chain fatty acids to protect intestinal cells.
The study reveals that SETD1A overexpression is associated with poorer disease-free survival in pancreatic cancer patients. Artificially cultured cells showed increased cell growth and migration when SETD1A levels were overexpressed, while knocking down SETD1A expression led to decreased RUVBL1 gene expression.
A team of researchers at Tokyo Medical and Dental University has designed and synthesized novel compounds that have the potential to be effective drugs against COVID-19. The compounds target the main protease enzyme of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which is essential for viral replication.
Researchers from Tokyo Medical and Dental University discovered three novel STAT1 variants that cause Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease (MSMD) in response to the BCG vaccine. The variants result in loss of function of the STAT1 protein, preventing an appropriate immune response.
Researchers from Tokyo Medical and Dental University developed a new approach to grow human intestinal mini-organs in the lab. They used cell culture plates and bioreactors to create robust and healthy intestine-like tissues that can be transplanted into mice, demonstrating the potential for regenerative medicine applications.
Researchers found that treatment with remdesivir within 9 days of symptom onset decreases mortality in Japanese patients with severe to critical COVID-19 who received corticosteroids. The study suggests early treatment with remdesivir and corticosteroids is associated with decreased mortality.
Researchers found that a genetic mutation associated with liver disease confers different levels of risk depending on a patient's diabetic status. In diabetic patients, the mutation predisposes them to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, but in nondiabetic patients, it protects against liver disease.
Researchers found that oral cancer cells releasing EVs under TGF-β induce EndoMT in endothelial cells, leading to vascular destabilization. This process may facilitate cancer cell entry into the bloodstream, promoting metastasis.
Researchers at Tokyo Medical and Dental University developed a new technique to detect breast cancer-related markers using transistors, offering a less invasive method for monitoring patients. The system successfully detected epidermal growth factor receptor expression on cancer cells.
A study from Tokyo Medical and Dental University reveals that the TGF-β signaling molecule can induce EMT in oral cancer cells, leading to high motility and metastatic potential. KRTAP2-3 expression is associated with poorer overall survival, suggesting its role as a prognostic biomarker.
Patients requiring emergency dialysis before or after surgery are at increased risk of death and functional decline. Notably, patients undergoing high-risk surgeries like esophagectomy/gastrectomy and heart surgery have significantly higher mortality rates.
Researchers at Tokyo Medical and Dental University identified a compound LAMZ that stimulates muscle cell growth, reduces bone resorption, and promotes bone formation. Administered to mice with locomotor frailty, LAMZ improved muscle and bone health.
People with diabetes face higher risk of hospitalization during extreme heat events due to dehydration and blood glucose imbalance. Research reveals a link between extreme heat and emergency hospitalizations for hypo- and hyperglycemia-related conditions.
Researchers from Tokyo Medical and Dental University have developed a new approach to analyze splicing variant data to identify disease-associated genetic variations. The study reveals that analyzing the coding sequences of gene splicing variants can help uncover the genetic basis of many diseases.
The TMDU research team successfully transplanted a mini organoid into a patient with Ulcerative Colitis, showing potential for a radical cure. The treatment uses the patient's own cells and minimally invasive colonoscopy, reducing transplant rejection risk and laparotomy needs.
Researchers from Tokyo Medical and Dental University found a novel GLP-1R agonist, PF1801, that can suppress muscle inflammation and restore muscle strength in patients with polymyositis. The study suggests PF1801 could be used to treat patients with muscle wasting disease and improve symptoms associated with inflammatory myopathies.
Scientists at Tokyo Medical and Dental University developed an enzyme-based biosensor in the form of an electrospun polymer mesh that can detect volatile organic compounds. The dry-form biosensor, which uses embedded enzymes, has been shown to be highly specific and sensitive to ethanol vapor.
Researchers identified lipopolysaccharide-responsive and beige-like anchor protein (LRBA) as a crucial regulator of aquaporin-2 water channels in the kidneys. The study found that LRBA interacts with PKA to facilitate AQP2 activation, maintaining water homeostasis and preventing polyuria.
Researchers found that tendons, not muscles, are the key site where increased mechanosensitivity translates to better running and jumping capabilities. High expression of the calcium-ion channel mechanoreceptor coincided with wider tendons composed of larger collagen fibrils.
Researchers at Tokyo Medical and Dental University have developed a liquid biopsy that can determine if an esophageal cancer patient will respond to certain treatments. The biopsy uses a panel of mRNAs and microRNAs to predict patient outcomes, with improved accuracy when combined with tumor size data.
A study published in Cell Reports Medicine has identified an autoantibody that may cause schizophrenia in some individuals. The researchers found that this autoantibody caused schizophrenia-like behaviors and changes in the brain when injected into mice, highlighting a potential new direction for diagnosis and treatment.
Scientists at Tokyo Medical and Dental University discover that smaller alkyl groups in ceramic materials facilitate faster chemical reactions, speeding up hydroxyapatite formation. This breakthrough could lead to improved patient outcomes and reduced need for further repairs after bone surgery.
Scientists from Tokyo Medical and Dental University uncover the reason behind titanium implants' excellent biocompatibility, allowing patients to generate less immune response. This breakthrough may lead to safer and less expensive implants for hip replacements and dental procedures.
A recent study published in Gerontology found that jaw-opening force can be used as an index for swallowing difficulties in older adults. Researchers at Tokyo Medical and Dental University discovered that individuals with higher jaw strength are less likely to experience dysphagia.
CD22 paradoxically augments BCR signaling by upregulating BCR expression, restoring B cell function in immunodeficient cells. High levels of BCR are required for survival, and CD22 facilitates this process.
Researchers found that miR-634 increases the effectiveness of oral squamous cell carcinoma treatment with cisplatin. The study suggests that applying a topical ointment containing miR-634 could be useful for enhancing chemotherapy effects in patients with advanced OSCC.
Researchers found that a monkey variant of HIV uses different amino acids to counteract human tetherin than it does in monkeys, suggesting a potential route for SIV to infect humans.
A new system called PRMC-MS enables the comprehensive analysis of phosphoinositide acyl variants in various types of biological samples. This method allows for the simultaneous measurement of all eight classes of phosphoinositides and detection of tiny changes in intracellular levels.
A new study predicts rheumatoid arthritis progression using a polygenic risk score. The score, generated from genetic variants associated with the disease, significantly differed between severe and non-severe progression groups. Higher scores were linked to higher risks of severe progression, particularly among younger patients.
A study suggests that targeting necroptosis in muscle fibers using an inhibitor can lessen myositis-induced muscle weakness and cell death, promoting muscle regeneration. This approach shows promise for treating polymyositis with potentially fewer infectious complications than current immunosuppressive therapies.
Scientists create a hybrid technology called heteroduplex oligonucleotide (HDO) that can safely and effectively silence disease-causing genes in certain immune cells. The HDO delivery method has shown promise in improving symptoms of autoimmune disorders and cancers by regulating the function of T and B lymphocytes.
A study published at Tokyo Medical and Dental University found that Mkx regulates cellular heterogeneity and gene expression in the PDL, revealing its importance in homeostasis. The results showed that a deficiency of Mkx promotes ossification in the PDL and suggests a compensatory mechanism via Scx to maintain homeostasis.
Scientists at Tokyo Medical and Dental University developed artificial tendons using human stem cells, mimicking natural tendon properties. The resulting tissue exhibited similar mechanical and biological properties to normal tendons, making it an attractive strategy for clinical application in tendon injuries.
Scientists from Tokyo Medical and Dental University have developed a protocol to transplant 3D cellular structures called organoids into the colon to repair damaged intestinal tissue. This approach shows promise as a quick, reproducible, and minimally invasive method for treating ulcerative colitis.
Researchers found that Rivaroxaban reduces atherosclerosis progression by inhibiting factor Xa-PAR2 mediated macrophage autophagy and inflammasome activity. The study suggests RIV as a potential anti-atherosclerotic drug, offering hope for treating this fatal disease.
A team from Tokyo Medical & Dental University has created a jigsaw-shaped peptide that functions as an extracellular matrix for injured tissue regeneration. The peptide's ability to incorporate and release growth factors stimulates cell growth and vascular formation, showing promise in regenerating tissues.
Scientists from Tokyo Medical and Dental University create polyrotaxane-based biomaterials that improve epithelial cell-cell adhesion, enabling the repair of damaged tissues. The study suggests a potential application in clinical dentistry for treating periodontal disease.
Researchers developed an AI system to detect inflammation in ulcerative colitis patients using live colonoscopy videos. The system accurately predicted remission cases with high accuracy, reducing the need for invasive biopsies.