Articles tagged with Clinical Studies
A large international study provides strong evidence that common genetic variants in the alpha-synuclein gene contribute to Parkinson's disease worldwide. Variability in this gene is associated with a 1.5 times greater risk for the disease, highlighting potential therapies to reduce alpha-synuclein protein production.
The study presents a comprehensive overview of oral health research worldwide, highlighting the high risk of dental caries in rural children and adolescents. It emphasizes the importance of preventive efforts, education, and public awareness to improve oral health outcomes.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic have found a significant association between acid reflux and esophageal cancer, with patients who experience acid reflux having a 30- to 125-fold increased risk of developing esophageal cancer. The study also discovered susceptibility genes in familial Barrett's esophagus and esophageal cancer.
Community surveys overestimate depression due to flawed methodologies that fail to account for normal life stress reactions. Experts call for contextual criteria to accurately diagnose mental disorders.
A study by D.N. Tatakis and colleagues found that individuals with lip piercings had significantly more gum recession compared to those without piercings, with an average depth of double the control group. Increased time of wear was also linked to a higher prevalence of gum recession in pierced individuals.
The Research in Prosthodontics and Implants Award honors Dr. Naert's contributions to prosthodontics through his extensive clinical studies and biomechanical analysis. His work has significantly impacted the practice of implant dentistry.
Researchers recruiting patients from high-risk clinics for cancer intervention studies risk introducing bias, as controls are more likely to receive interventions than some case patients. This can lead to a false impression of intervention efficacy or underestimate its harm.
A study suggests that regular doses of cranberry juice or tablets can reduce the risk of female urinary tract infections (UTIs) by up to 50% in sexually active adult women. Cranberry juice's effectiveness in treating existing UTI cases is still unknown, but it offers a potential natural alternative to antibiotics.
A national survey of 321 dentists found that most never screened for domestic violence, despite visible signs. Education on intervention increased likelihood of screening and responding appropriately. The study recommends standardized training and the AVDR model for dentists to recognize and respond to signs of abuse.
Researchers found that mouse allergen is a significant contributor to childhood asthma in urban areas, with 18% of children allergic to mice experiencing more severe asthma. Doctors recommend testing for mouse allergy and recommending aggressive extermination of mice.
Two studies found that women with the four risk factors had five times the risk of death as men, and children with metabolic syndrome risk factors were more likely to be obese. Researchers emphasize the need to prevent obesity in young people to reverse alarming trends in heart disease.
A meta-analysis of 42 studies found that regular church attendance and public religious involvement are associated with a 29% higher survival rate. Private religious involvement also shows some benefits, but the effects appear to be partially due to social support and health behaviors.
Two Hopkins studies confirm prenatal exposure to normal male hormones dictates male gender identity in genetically male children born with cloacal exstrophy. Most reassigned as females later reassign themselves back to males, exhibiting strong male behaviors and attitudes.
The American Psychoanalytic Association's 89th Annual meeting will address a wide range of clinical and societal issues. A public forum on addressing violent youth will be held on May 12, moderated by John Callaway and featuring experts from the University of Pennsylvania and Yale Child Study Center.
A study published in Urology suggests that patients treated with radiation therapy for prostate cancer have a high chance of being disease-free after four years, with minimal risk of recurrence. Patients with favorable prognoses also show a lower risk of treatment failure sooner than those with less favorable prognoses.
Research suggests that violent video games can increase aggressive thoughts, feelings, and behavior in individuals, particularly young men who are habitually aggressive. The interactive nature of these games may be more harmful than exposure to violent television and movies, as they require players to identify with the aggressor.
A 12-week study found that carotenes and vitamin E supplements reduced sunburn intensity in fair-skinned individuals. The duration of supplementation was more effective than dosage in protecting against sunburn damage.
A study of middle-aged women found that high consumption of zinc, magnesium, potassium, fiber, and vitamin C was linked to higher bone mineral density and reduced evidence of bone loss. Moderate alcohol intake also appeared to have a positive effect on bone health.
Two studies published in December 1999 found that green tea consumption can trigger biochemical mechanisms affecting human health. The studies suggest that increasing green tea intake can increase energy utilization, thermogenesis, and fat oxidation, while also protecting cells from oxidative damage.
A recent Mayo Clinic study found that traumatic brain injuries increase the risk of Alzheimer's Disease, with a median observed time from injury to onset of 10 years. The study suggests that traumatic brain injury interacts with other factors to hasten the onset of Alzheimer's in susceptible individuals.
Researchers found that microbial pathogens induce atheroma plaque formation in mice lacking anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. The study suggests that exposure to air-borne pathogens multiplies plaque formation by a factor of 10 in IL-10-deficient mice, making the plaque more likely to rupture.
A recent study published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition found that prolonged mental stress increases the levels of atherogenic lipoproteins and decreases the rate at which fats are cleared from the blood after a meal. This can lead to higher lipid levels and increased risk of cardiovascular disease.
Researchers advocate for standardized examination techniques to improve physicians' precision and accuracy in screening for breast cancer. The study found that spending adequate time on the clinical breast examination (CBE) and using proper techniques can increase early detection of lumps in the breast.
Researchers found that interventions with peers grouped together often worsen adolescent problem behavior, leading to increased delinquency and substance abuse. Training adolescents to give up destructive behaviors seems ineffective when several group members have a tendency toward these behaviors.
Two studies by Dr. Augusto Sola explore tidal volume measurements in neonates and propose a new definition for neonatal hypoglycemia, addressing critical issues in ventilator management and blood sugar screening.
Moderate wine consumption is linked to a healthier diet and reduced incidence of ischemic heart disease. A study of 48,763 Danish men and women found that moderate wine drinkers (1-3 glasses/day) consumed the most heart-healthy diet.
A new study found that narcissists are more likely to become aggressive when they receive negative feedback, but not when they receive praise. The researchers suggest that this is because narcissists are emotionally invested in establishing their superiority and view criticism as a personal threat.
A study by UNC-CH scientists found elevated DDE levels in Aberdeen residents' blood, but no major clinical effects were observed. Younger residents showed a two-to-three-fold increased risk of herpes zoster, indicating immune system suppression.
Researchers discovered the spontaneous trait transference phenomenon, where people who describe positive or negative traits in others are often attributed those same traits. This occurs even when participants are told there's no connection between the speakers and statements, suggesting an irrational, unconscious process.
A study by Eric M. Anderman and colleagues found that students who prioritize grades and performance are more likely to cheat, while those using deep-level cognitive strategies are less likely. Additionally, research by Harris Cooper and colleagues shows that homework completed is positively related to achievement in school.
Recent studies have identified key risk factors and clinical symptoms associated with acute HIV infection in India, particularly among commercial sex workers. The findings highlight the importance of p24 antigen screening to detect infections early, reducing the accuracy of previously described signs and symptoms., Condom distribution ...
A UT Southwestern researcher has re-examined reports of stress in Gulf War veterans, finding minimal support for the theory that symptoms are stress-related. The data suggests a very low prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among Gulf War veterans.
A new X-ray technique called defraction-enhanced imaging (DEI) produces sharper images of breast tissue, potentially diagnosing tumors earlier and reducing cancer deaths. The method uses a single-energy X-ray source to reduce scatter and improve contrast, highlighting the edges of structures in cancerous tumors.
Researchers found that post-exercise meals containing amino acids and carbohydrates can enhance recovery and peak-performance levels. Eating oat-based cereal before exercise also helped fight fatigue and hunger.