Articles tagged with Colon Cancer
A Cancer Research UK-funded clinical trial found that chemotherapy before surgery reduces the chance of colon cancer returning within 2 years by 28%. The study involved 1,053 patients and showed significant benefits in terms of preventing cancer recurrence.
This study found that advanced colorectal neoplasia prevalence is low 10 or more years after a negative screening colonoscopy. Extended screening intervals may be recommended for female and younger participants without gastrointestinal symptoms.
A new study finds that exposure to salmonella bacteria increases colon cancer risk, with tumors developing earlier and growing larger in infected mice. The research highlights the potential for salmonella as an environmental risk factor for chronic diseases like colon cancer.
A new study found that multiple negative faecal immunochemical tests can significantly reduce the risk of advanced neoplasia in a colonoscopy surveillance program. This could lead to longer intervals between screenings for people at above-average risk, reducing the burden on healthcare systems.
Researchers discovered that pre-surgery immunotherapy significantly improved patient outcomes for locally advanced colorectal cancer. The treatment showed substantial longer survival benefits, including low recurrence rates, in patients with mismatch repair-deficient or microsatellite instability-high (dMMR/MSI-H) CRC.
Research from Michigan Medicine reveals that high levels of ammonia in colon tumors can lead to reduced T cell growth and immunotherapy resistance. A study published in Cell Metabolism found that using an FDA-approved drug to lower ammonia levels made tumors more sensitive to treatment.
A massive international data analysis uncovered hundreds of signals for new treatment and prevention targets in colorectal cancer. The study identified 250 independent risk associations, including 50 newly discovered ones, through analyzing genomic, transcriptomic, and methylomic data.
Researchers discovered PDGF cross-signaling through alternative receptors in colorectal cancer cells, enabling bypassed signaling. This finding supports anti-PDGF therapy as a combination strategy alongside VEGF and EGF targeting.
A study found that concerns about colonoscopy, lack of opportunity to discuss next steps with a medical provider, and assumptions about personal risk are common reasons patients don't follow up after a positive at-home test. Researchers also developed two simple risk measurement tools to predict COVID-19 mortality rates, which could he...
A nationwide questionnaire in Dutch colorectal cancer screening found that concerns about colonoscopy, lack of provider discussion, and personal risk perceptions are common reasons for not following up. Personalized screening counseling and family practitioner involvement may help increase follow-up rates.
Researchers at University of Pittsburgh have designed novel nanoparticles that co-deliver a chemotherapy drug and a novel immunotherapy, shrinking tumors in mouse models of colon and pancreatic cancer. The therapy silences a gene involved in immunosuppression by blocking Xkr8 protein distribution on the cell membrane.
A low-protein diet blocks nutrient signaling pathways that fire up a master regulator of cancer growth, leading to massive cell death. Researchers found this approach could be an alternative way to shut down mTORC and increase the efficacy of chemotherapy.
The ESMO Asia Congress 2022 will focus on the latest scientific and clinical advances in oncology, with a special emphasis on the Asia-Pacific region. Media representatives can register for coverage through the official media registration form.
Researchers at Goethe University Frankfurt found that dying colon cancer cells release ATP to neighboring tumor cells, activating a survival signaling pathway. Interrupting this communication can significantly increase the effectiveness of chemotherapy against resistant tumors.
Researchers found that a new drug inhibiting GRP78 effectively reduces SARS-CoV-2 replication in human lung cells. The drug also shows potential in treating certain types of cancer by suppressing mutant KRAS proteins.
Researchers have discovered that targeting a specific mutation in fibrolamellar tumors can reduce tumor growth in mice, offering a promising approach to treating this nearly incurable cancer. The findings highlight the potential for novel therapies against an intractable disease.
Researchers at IRB Barcelona have identified the tiny fraction of tumour cells that remain hidden after surgery, leading to metastatic recurrence. These 'High Relapse Cells' can be eliminated through genetic techniques, preventing metastases and opening the possibility for new therapeutic strategies.
Researchers at UNIGE have discovered a way to overcome resistance to chemotherapy in colorectal cancer, using an optimized combination of tyrosine kinase inhibitors. This breakthrough opens up new avenues for developing targeted therapies that can effectively treat patients with low five-year survival rates.
In a patient trial, the AKT inhibitor ipatasertib showed signs of effectiveness in treating advanced cancers. 22% of patients experienced tumor shrinkage, while 56% had stable disease. Further research is needed to understand why some patients responded and others did not.
Researchers have found a drug that targets the key, cancer-causing gene MYC has been able to inhibit its function safely and effectively. Eight out of 12 patients showed stabilisation of disease after treatment with OMO-103, with one patient experiencing a reduction in tumour-derived DNA circulating in the blood stream.
Researchers at Mount Sinai's Tisch Cancer Institute have discovered a new gene, PDZK1IP1, essential to colon cancer growth. The study found that surrounding inflammation activates the super enhancer, promoting tumor cell survival and growth.
The American College of Physicians recommends increasing funding for health services and prioritizing health promotion in Indigenous communities. Community-driven public policy is also necessary to address historical trauma, social determinants of health, and inadequate access to healthcare services.
Researchers found that certain fungal species in tumors are linked to inflammation and reduced cell-to-cell adhesion, features associated with late-stage cancer spread. High levels of these fungi may serve as biomarkers for metastasis risk and lead to more effective treatment choices.
The TTUHSC team will provide no-cost colorectal cancer screening and colonoscopies to underinsured and uninsured people living in South Plains region counties. The FIT-STOP program aims to find signs of early-stage colorectal cancer to prevent treatment needs, leveraging existing relationships with partners.
A mortality prediction model for older adults with dementia can guide discussions about financial resources, treatment preferences, and reduce unnecessary medical interventions. The model considers factors such as age, sex, body mass index, chronic conditions, and ability to perform daily activities.
A cohort study found that endoscopists performing colonoscopies in FIT-based screening programs should aim for markedly higher ADRs compared to primary colonoscopy screening. The study suggests that high ADRs are associated with lower colorectal cancer incidence and mortality. Researchers recommend using ADR targets, including differen...
Researchers developed an algorithm to identify different regions within tumors using nearly 6,500 digital slide images. The algorithm can predict recurrence-free survival and help guide therapy for patients with colon cancer.
Researchers found that using the drug erlotinib, which blocks a specific cancer pathway, led to a 30 percent reduction in polyps formed in patients with FAP. The study's findings suggest potential ways to prevent colorectal cancer in the general population at an earlier stage.
A recent study published in Cancer Research identified a unique vulnerability in certain high-risk cancers that can be exploited for targeted therapy. Researchers found that cancer cells with alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) have a common weakness, leading to resistance to DNA-damaging agents and chemotherapy.
Researchers at Washington University in St. Louis developed a new imaging tool that uses optical coherence tomography (OCT) and machine learning to detect and classify cancerous tissue samples with high accuracy. The technique, which was tested on patients in a trial, showed a 93% diagnostic accuracy rate.
Researchers investigated the effects of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy on CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, PD-L1, and mucin expression in rectal cancer patients. The study found that nCRT exposure was associated with higher mucin expression and a non-significant difference in PD-L1 expression, suggesting an immunosuppressive phenotype.
A new study by Tokyo University of Science researchers reveals that dendritic cell immunoreceptor (DCIR) plays a crucial role in the development of colorectal tumors. Blocking DCIR may prevent ulcerative colitis and colon cancer, offering a potential therapeutic target for treating these diseases.
A new study found that over half of adult cancer survivors experience significant hearing problems after chemotherapy treatment. The researchers also discovered that platinum and taxane drugs, commonly used to treat the majority of cancers, are linked to high rates of hearing loss and tinnitus.
Researchers discovered cancer cells produce a unique collagen that alters the tumor microbiome and promotes cancer progression. Loss of this collagen reduces cancer cell proliferation and boosts anti-tumor immune response, offering a potential therapeutic strategy.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine found that Clostridioides difficile (C. difficile) bacteria may cause colorectal cancer in younger adults. The bacterium causes serious diarrheal infections and is linked to approximately 500,000 infections annually in the US.
Researchers found that tumour stem cells with Mex3a protein activity remain in a latent state, conferring resistance to chemotherapy. After treatment, these cells are reactivated, leading to cancer relapse. Removing the Mex3a gene makes colorectal cancer cells highly sensitive to chemotherapy.
A new combination therapy using a plant virus and an antibody activates natural killer cells to target and destroy cancer cells. The therapy eliminates all tumors and prevents their recurrence, resulting in 100% survival in mouse models of colon cancer.
A new study led by UCSF found that routine screening for and removal of precancerous anal lesions can significantly reduce the risk of anal cancer. The study, known as ANCHOR Study, showed a 57% reduction in anal cancer among people with HIV who underwent treatment for high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL).
Researchers developed a novel nanoparticle to deliver ARL67156, an enzyme inhibitor that prevents ATP degradation into adenosine, selectively targeting solid tumors. The treatment substantially suppressed tumor growth and resulted in prolonged survival in mouse models.
A new blood test has been developed to identify colon cancer patients who can safely avoid chemotherapy, reducing the number of patients treated with unnecessary treatment. The test assesses levels of circulating tumour DNA and could revolutionise chemotherapy treatment for colon cancer patients.
A new study found that circulating tumor DNA can identify stage II colon cancer patients who benefit from chemotherapy, sparing others the need for treatment. The study showed reduced use of chemotherapy without compromising survival rates.
A study of early-onset colon cancer found that five-year survival rates remained lower for Blacks and Hispanics compared to Whites, despite improvements in White survival over a 20-year span. The disparities persisted even among younger adults with localized disease.
A new study has identified persistent racial and ethnic disparities in five-year survival rates for younger adults with colorectal cancer. White patients had a higher five-year relative survival rate compared to Black, Hispanic, and Asian patients, regardless of disease stage.
A novel connection between genes involved in mitosis and glucose metabolism was found by researchers at Nagoya University. They demonstrated a gene bypass process using evolutionary repair experiments, suggesting that suppressing both Plk1 and CK1 could be more effective in cancer treatment.
A new study from University of Gothenburg found that men with high childhood BMI are at an elevated risk of obesity-related cancer, even if their weight is normal in young adulthood. The study analyzed data from 6,565 men born between 1945 and 1961 and found a persistently increased risk of adult obesity-related cancer.
A study published in Gastroenterology found that artificial intelligence reduced the rate of missed precancerous polyps in colorectal cancer screening by twofold compared to standard colonoscopy. The AI detection method identified smaller, flatter polyps and improved false negative rates.
A study at Karolinska Institutet has revealed that a subgroup of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) can accumulate in the intestinal mucosa of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). These immature cells can be influenced by gut environment factors, leading to increased cell division and cytokine production.
Researchers found that APC gene mutations in colon cancer patients disrupt T lymphocyte migration to tumors, making it harder for the immune system to combat cancer. The study provides new insights into the mechanisms of antitumor immune defense.
The American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) has announced the recipients of its 2022 Scientific Achievement Awards and Lectureships, recognizing Tony Hunter, Christina Curtis, John E. Dick, Kevan M. Shokat, and Lee M. Ellis for their groundbreaking contributions to cancer research.
Scientists have identified two proteins, CB7H3 and B7H4, as potential targets for new immunotherapies against colon cancer. Blocking these proteins slowed the growth of tumors and allowed immune cells to attack cancer cells. The study also found a link between microbiota and tumor growth in colon cancer.
Researchers develop innovative non-contact agitation technology to assess motility and invasive capacity of cancer cells in tissue sections. The study reveals significant increases in Rac/Cdc42 activity in tumor areas, with stronger correlations found in advanced cancer stages.
Researchers at TTUHSC will investigate common mechanisms of resistance and sensitivity in alternate telomere lengthening (ALT) cancers, with a focus on targeting ATM kinase inhibitors for therapy. The team aims to develop clinical trials for patients with ALT+ cancers.
Researchers have created a new type of colon tattoo ink that is more biocompatible and less prone to diffusion than existing inks. The ink uses metal-derived nanoparticles and polymers to adhere to the submucosal surface in the colon, allowing for better identification and removal of complex polyps and tumors.
A new analysis of cases in the National Cancer Database finds that younger patients (less than 50 years old) with acute appendicitis are at increased risk of developing cancer of the appendix. The study suggests that patients under 40 may want to undergo surgery to rule out cancer.
A new study found that nearly one-third of older adult female survivors of colorectal, endometrial, and ovarian cancer experience quality-of-life-impacting challenges with physical activity due to chronic lower extremity lymphedema. The researchers urge the medical community to include regular lymphedema assessments in survivorship care.
A new study found that dual-eligible patients for Medicare and Medicaid have poorer outcomes and higher costs after cancer surgery, even in high-quality hospitals. These patients are more likely to experience complications, longer hospital stays, and lower chances of going home instead of a nursing facility.
A recent study by City of Hope researchers highlights the limitations of Signatera, a popular liquid biopsy test for detecting colorectal cancer recurrence. The study found that standard-of-care CT scan plus CEA blood draw test was more effective in identifying early disease recurrence.
A new fluorescent DNA label has been developed to visualize disrupted DNA architecture in cancer cells, with promising results for improved cancer diagnoses and risk stratification. The study showed that the label can distinguish normal tissue from precancerous and cancerous lesions.
A meta-analysis of 280,660 cases of colorectal cancer and 14,139 cases of adenoma found that taller individuals have a higher risk of developing colorectal cancer and precancerous colon polyps. The study suggests that adults over 4 inches (10 cm) above the average U.S. height may be at increased risk.
Researchers have found that statins can inhibit the formation of tumors and metastases in animals with increased MACC1 expression. A study analyzing data from over 300,000 patients prescribed statins also showed a correlation between statin use and reduced cancer incidence.