Articles tagged with Drug Resistance
Researchers have developed three-dimensional spheroid cultures that better replicate cell-cell interactions and nutrient gradients, leading to a greater understanding of tumour tissue behaviour and drug responses. The study highlights the importance of mimicking tumour architecture in testing cancer therapies.
Glutathione S-transferases play a critical role in human health, influencing disease development, drug metabolism, and therapeutic interventions. Genetic variations in GSTs can lead to oxidative stress, DNA damage, and resistance to apoptosis, making them key players in disease pathogenesis.
A Phase Ia/Ib trial found that zongertinib demonstrated clinical benefits for patients with advanced HER2-mutant non-small cell lung cancer, particularly those with specific HER2 mutations. The treatment showed a 71% objective response rate and manageable side effects.
A new study at Stellenbosch University found that blocking the enzymes involved in glycolysis could cut off the malaria parasite's primary energy source and kill it. This approach has shown promise for developing new malaria drugs, particularly against resistant parasites.
University of Oklahoma researchers create bioactive sugars to develop novel antibiotics against multi-drug-resistant infections in cancer patients. By using abundant, inexpensive, iron or metal-free, non-toxic blue light, the team can more easily and rapidly synthesize these important carbohydrates.
Researchers at Duke University and colleagues discover a way to improve the uptake of cancer-fighting drugs called PROTACs by leveraging the CD36 protein. This approach delivered up to 23 times more potent treatment without compromising stability or solubility, paving the way for effective medications.
Researchers from the UCLA Health Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center are presenting new findings on combination therapies for liver and pancreatic cancers, including a new organoid model for personalized head and neck cancer treatment. Additionally, they are discussing the potential of liquid biopsies for cancer detection and monitoring.
Researchers identified fexofenadine as a potential Met-inhibitor that can overcome osimertinib resistance in NSCLC. The study found that fexofenadine enhances the anticancer effect of osimertinib in both laboratory and mouse models, making it a promising repurposed drug for treating NSCLC.
A new global study found common genetic factors contributing to drug resistance in focal epilepsy, affecting 20 million individuals. Researchers identified specific genetic variants in CNIH3 and WDR26 genes associated with a higher risk of drug-resistant epilepsy.
Researchers found that GSK3β becomes increasingly active in melanoma cells during treatment, helping them survive and adapt despite BRAF inhibitors. Treating resistant cancer cells with a GSK3β inhibitor significantly reduced their growth, suggesting blocking this protein could restore sensitivity to treatment.
A new study has identified ADAR1 as a key factor in suppressing the immune response triggered by lenalidomide, leading to drug resistance in multiple myeloma. The research suggests targeting ADAR1 and the dsRNA pathway could offer promising strategies to overcome resistance.
A University of Ottawa-led team examines the punishing costs of TB care, finding that patients face 'catastrophic' expenses despite free treatment being available in many countries. The review identifies areas for intervention to reduce patient costs and improve sustainable TB mitigation strategies.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic developed a personalized deep brain stimulation platform to treat drug-resistant epilepsy. The study found that this approach reduced seizures while also improving memory and sleep in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy.
A study found that agricultural antifungals, like TBZ, can cause genomic changes in the infectious yeast Candida tropicalis, increasing its resistance. This increase in resistance poses a growing concern for human infections, as many pathogens are becoming resistant to antifungal medicines.
Childhood tuberculosis cases in the EU/EEA have increased by 26% over the past three years, with young children under 15 accounting for 4.3% of all TB cases. The rise in pediatric TB has raised concerns about incomplete treatment, drug-resistant TB, and further transmission.
Researchers discovered that a drug-resistant type of bacteria has adapted to produce antimicrobial genetic tools, eliminating its cousins and replacing them as the dominant strain. The finding validates a system developed at Pitt and UPMC for detecting infectious disease outbreaks.
The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) reports a rise in tuberculosis cases among children and adolescents in the EU/EEA, with a slight increase in the notification rate from 2.0 to 2.5 per 100,000 population. The highest proportion of paediatric TB was observed in children aged 1 to 4 years old.
Researchers at Institute for Systems Biology (ISB) have discovered a non-genetic adaptation mechanism that allows melanoma cells to evade BRAF inhibitors within hours. By blocking this early response with a combination therapy approach, the study aims to improve treatment outcomes and prolong the effectiveness of existing treatments.
A new study using a microfluidic device found that certain infections may not be as resistant to antibiotics as previously thought. The researchers tested three different antibiotic agents against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and found a gradient of antibiotic activity dependent on the flow rate.
A new study reports that Raman spectroscopy, a noninvasive technique, can distinguish between abnormal FCD type II tissue and healthy brain cells with remarkable accuracy. This method could provide real-time guidance for surgeons to more accurately identify and remove affected tissue during surgery.
Scientists at VCU Massey Comprehensive Cancer Center have discovered a powerful combination therapy that leverages sotorasib and FGTI-2734 to tackle drug resistance in lung cancer. The treatment targets the KRAS G12C mutation, which is responsible for about 14% of non-small cell lung cancers.
Researchers have discovered a new mechanism of how anticancer drugs attack and destroy BRCA mutant cancer cells, including drug-resistant breast cancer cells. The study found that small DNA nicks can expand into large single-stranded DNA gaps, leading to cell death.
Researchers at the Institut Pasteur have gained a better understanding of how mpox variants become resistant to tecovirimat. They found that the drug works by binding two phospholipases together, preventing viral particles from spreading. This knowledge will help develop new antiviral treatments effective across all mpox strains.
Researchers at San Francisco State University have developed a step-by-step machine learning tutorial to detect antibiotic resistance in patients. The team used a publicly available dataset to train four popular machine learning models, which can be easily accessed through Google Colab. The tutorial aims to make machine learning access...
Insilico Medicine has developed a highly selective FGFR2/3 dual inhibitor, which maintains efficacy against resistance mutations and demonstrates a more favorable safety profile compared to existing FGFR inhibitors. The compound showed robust antitumor efficacy in gastric cancer mouse models.
A comprehensive map of Plasmodium knowlesi genes essential for blood infections has been generated, providing insights into drug resistance and informing the development of new therapeutics. The study identified molecular requirements for parasite growth and pinpointed specific genes causing resistance to current antimalarials.
A major clinical trial has identified three new safe and effective regimens for treating drug-resistant tuberculosis, offering faster, safer, and more accessible care. The new treatments show promise in reducing treatment duration and side effects, making them a significant breakthrough in the fight against this infectious disease.
New research reveals that certain antibiotics can suppress the evolution of resistance to phages in E. coli bacteria by targeting a subset of LPS mutants. By modulating these mutants, antibiotics like chloramphenicol and gentamicin reduce phage resistance.
Researchers found significant differences in immune cell populations between healthy individuals and people with schizophrenia, with the CD4/CD8 ratio emerging as a potential biomarker for predicting treatment response. Lower levels of mucosal-associated invariant T cells may signify immune dysregulation in schizophrenia.
Researchers analyzed 7,000 S. aureus samples to identify key genetic changes that enable bacterial survival in humans. The study revealed mutations associated with nitrogen metabolism and immune system evasion strategies.
New research reveals widespread resistance to benzimidazole-based dewormers among canine hookworms in Australia. This increases the risk of gastrointestinal parasites, anaemia, diarrhea, and malnutrition in dogs, as well as cutaneous larva migrans disease in humans.
Researchers uncover Achilles' heel of TMZ chemotherapy resistance, revealing critical insights into mechanisms behind glioblastoma's inactivation of DNA repair pathways. The study sheds light on potential mechanisms of aging and offers new avenues for developing more effective therapies against this devastating cancer.
Recent studies suggest HBV infection is associated with liver cancer stem cells, but the exact mechanisms are unclear. This study investigates the role of HBV infection in regulating the stemness of HCCs and its link to drug resistance.
Researchers are working to develop a curative treatment for multiple myeloma by combining treatments, overcoming resistance, and tailoring therapy to individual patients. The study found promising results using bispecific antibodies in combination with other treatments.
Breast cancer cells can live for years in bone marrow after remission, leading to disease recurrence in approximately 40% of patients. A study found that mesenchymal stem cells support the cancer cells by donating essential proteins, making them more aggressive and drug-resistant.
Researchers explore adapting agricultural techniques, such as integrated pest management, to treat cancer. By managing cancer as a chronic condition, adaptive therapy aims to overcome treatment resistance and improve patient outcomes.
A study published in JAMA found evidence of partial resistance to artemisinin derivatives in young children with severe malaria, raising questions about the need for new treatments. The study also showed that 10% of children returned within 28 days with an infection from the same strain they had during their original admission.
A new study from Uganda documents partial resistance to artemisinin in 11 out of 100 African children with severe malaria, suggesting a growing concern for the efficacy of lifesaving malaria treatments. The study also reveals that 10 patients who were thought to have been cured suffered repeat malaria attacks within 28 days.
Researchers identified a genetic weakness in drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis, allowing them to develop targeted drugs. This technology has the potential to combat other drug-resistant pathogens and prevent their spread.
Researchers have discovered a new strategy to overcome docetaxel resistance in advanced prostate cancer patients, which may improve the efficacy of chemotherapy and prolong overall survival. The approach involves inhibiting cholesterol and lipid biosynthesis, reinducing sensitivity to the drug docetaxel.
The winners of the Applied Microbiology International Horizon Awards 2024 have been named, including the One Health Microbiome Center at Penn State and researchers Dr. François Thomas and Dr. Helen Onyeaka.
Researchers at Tel Aviv University found that a special protocol of hyperbaric oxygen therapy can improve the condition of PTSD sufferers, reducing typical symptoms such as flashbacks, hypervigilance, and irritability. The study showed improvements in brain connectivity and clinical symptoms, offering new hope for millions of PTSD suff...
Researchers developed a 36-gene predictive score that surpasses conventional methods in predicting tamoxifen treatment resistance. The polygenic score UAB36 has potential as a tool for personalized medicine, helping identify patients at higher risk of poor survival and suggesting alternative treatment strategies.
Researchers at Houston Methodist have identified a new strain of bacteria, Streptococcus dysgalactiae subspecies equisimilis (SDSE), linked to increasingly severe human infections. The study used integrative analysis to investigate the genome, transcriptome, and virulence of SDSE strains, shedding light on their molecular pathogenesis.
Researchers have discovered key mutations in certain cancer cells that render WRN inhibitors ineffective. The study found that prolonged exposure to these inhibitors can lead to the acquisition of mutations in the WRN gene, allowing cancer cells to survive and develop resistance.
Polyploidy, a state with extra genetic material, allows cancer cells to survive longer under DNA damage. This phenomenon explains why some cancers are resistant to anti-cancer drug treatments.
A new study has identified four categories of cancer mutations that cause drug resistance, providing targets for drug development and potential effective second-line therapies. The research highlights DNA changes that could be explored further to treat patients with specific genetic mutations.
A study by Ohio State University researchers found that combining pimozide with CB-839 can effectively suppress glioblastoma growth by blocking lipid production and starvation of tumor cells. This innovative combination may also hold promise for treating other cancers relying on glutamine and lipids.
Treatment-emergent nirmatrelvir resistance mutations were commonly detected in immunosuppressed individuals, but at low frequencies and transient nature. The study suggests a low risk for the spread of nirmatrelvir resistance in the community with current variants and drug usage patterns.
Dr. Roger Lo has been awarded a $2 million NIH grant to investigate ways to prevent drug resistance in melanoma treatment and improve the effectiveness of MAPK inhibitors. The team aims to target genetic instability and immune evasion to stabilize the melanoma genome and make it more vulnerable to immune attacks.
Researchers from Osaka University used machine learning to assess the shapes, sizes, and other physical features of bacteria based on microscope images. The results showed that antibiotic-resistant strains were fatter or shorter than their parental strains, especially those resistant to quinolone and β-lactams.
Researchers isolated drug-resistant strains of SARS-CoV-2 from immunocompromised individuals who received antiviral treatments. The virus variants showed resistance to Paxlovid and remdesivir, highlighting the need for combination therapy to treat COVID-19 in highly vulnerable patients.
The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences has received a $5.3 million National Institutes of Health grant to support advanced cancer research in Oklahoma. The grant will help early-career researchers establish independently funded laboratories and build technology infrastructure specific to cancer investigations.
A new study found that antibiotic use in aged care leads to antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the gut, posing a significant risk to vulnerable residents. Researchers analysed stool samples from 164 residents and discovered nearly all carried resistant genes without symptoms.
A new study sheds light on how the herpes simplex virus becomes resistant to treatment by altering the conformation of its protein responsible for replication. The findings reveal that protein mutations linked to drug resistance arise far from the drug's target location, offering a potential strategy for overcoming resistance.
Researchers developed a new 'pan-pathogen' deep sequencing approach to capture multiple bacterial strains simultaneously. This method enables faster and more comprehensive tracking of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, potentially preventing and managing common hospital infections quicker.
Researchers from University of Maryland discovered RNA mechanisms that can lead to more effective and durable RNA-based drug treatments for conditions like high cholesterol, liver diseases, and cancers. The study highlighted the need to consider drug resistance when developing these treatments.
Researchers found a Leishmania amazonensis strain resistant to amphotericin B, a widely used treatment for cutaneous leishmaniasis. The study highlights the urgent need for alternative drugs to combat the disease, which affects over 15,000 people in Brazil annually.
A study found that increased expression of human carcinoembryonic antigen cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1) on immune cells is associated with treatment-resistant melanoma. CEACAM1 is now considered a potential therapeutic target for patients with resistant tumors.
A new editorial published in Aging suggests that starting targeted cancer therapies with high concentrations may slow down the selection for resistance. This approach could potentially be used as a preemptive measure to minimize the development of resistance.