Articles tagged with Autophagy
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
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Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A collaborative study improves understanding of ALS by identifying a key role for ubiquilin proteins in regulating cellular waste. The researchers found that mutated ubiquilins fail to regulate lysosomes, leading to excess waste buildup and disease development.
A recent study by Osaka University found that increased expression of Rubicon in tissues from aged animals contributed to reduced levels of autophagy. This reduction in autophagy may lead to progression of aging and diseases. Suppression of Rubicon led to improved age-related factors and increased lifespan in worm and fly models.
Monash researchers found that autophagy receptors are not the main trigger for cellular cleanup, but rather the membranes themselves recruit more receptors to speed up the process. This discovery may lead to new treatments targeting protein build-up linked to neurodegenerative diseases.
A study by Salk researchers found that autophagy, a process thought to be a survival mechanism, actually promotes cell death and prevents cancer initiation. This discovery reveals autophagy as a novel tumor-suppressing pathway and challenges the conventional understanding of cancer development.
Research suggests that autophagy on neuronal cells can lead to neurodegeneration, highlighting the importance of targeting mitochondria and autophagy-related proteins in disease treatment. Mitochondrial dysfunction is a significant contributor to neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer
Researchers at Tokyo Institute of Technology discovered the role of Atg2 in tethering pre-autophagosomal membranes to the endoplasmic reticulum. The study found that Atg2's N- and C-terminal regions have membrane-binding capabilities, allowing it to initiate autophagosome formation and expand membranes. Understanding this mechanism is ...
C3 regulates autophagy in beta cells, enabling protection from stress and potentially treating diseases like type 2 diabetes. Disruption of this mechanism can contribute to disease development.
A team of researchers investigated influenza A's impact on lung-derived cell lines, discovering that the virus alters protein levels and locations. The study found that many proteins are relocalized, with viral and ribosomal proteins increasing in autophagosomes.
Researchers found that exercise stimulates autophagy, a cellular process responsible for removing damaged proteins and toxins from muscles. The study shows that regular physical activity can reduce the buildup of toxic proteins in muscles, leading to improved muscle function and reduced wasting.
A study by researchers at the University of Cincinnati found that cell metabolism significantly influences autophagy, a survival program used by some tumor cells to evade treatment. The findings suggest that manipulating this pathway could lead to better cancer treatments and outcomes.
A direct link has been discovered between protein aggregation in nerve cells and the regulation of gene expression in Huntington's disease. The study found that impaired autophagy leads to accumulation of misfolded proteins, including AGO2, which disrupts cell function and signal pathways.
A University of Colorado Cancer Center study reveals that inhibiting the action of lysosomes can efficiently kill metastatic cancer cells. Researchers found that the level of a protein called ID4 predicts which cancer patients will benefit most from treatment with chloroquine.
Researchers have gained new understanding of how autophagosomes seal off waste material, with a key role identified for ESCRT complexes. This breakthrough could lead to new cancer treatments by inhibiting autophagy closure.
Researchers have identified three known SNAREs and a new protein Ykt6 as essential for the fusion of autophagosomes with vacuoles, allowing for efficient cellular waste recycling. This breakthrough study sheds light on the molecular mechanisms underlying autophagy, a vital process in maintaining cellular homeostasis.
Researchers found that autophagy efficiency declines with age, leading to accumulation of damaged biological structures in the kidneys. They discovered that nutrition restrictions and pharmacological drugs like rapamycin may help tackle this issue.
The NSU research team aims to improve therapeutic cell efficiency through manipulation of autophagy, a self-digestion pathway affecting exosome content. Understanding this process can lead to faster wound healing and improved organ regeneration.
Researchers have discovered peptides that can inhibit autophagy in living animals, providing a promising treatment against various diseases. The peptides are derived from giant ankyrins and can be used to occlude autophagy spatiotemporally.
Researchers at UT Southwestern found that mice with increased autophagy levels live longer, healthier lives, with a 10% extension in lifespan. The study also shows protection against age-related cancers and diseases.
Brown University researchers found a new strategy to stimulate autophagy, the cellular recycling process, by manipulating a transcription factor. The approach increased lifespans of worms and flies, and hinted at potential treatments for Alzheimer's disease and ALS in human cells.
Researchers have identified a novel regulatory step in autophagy, shedding light on the anti-cancer potential of PI5P4K inhibitors. Targeting these proteins could be a promising approach for cancer therapeutics.
Diabetes impairs autophagy, a protective mechanism that filters blood waste, worsening prognosis and destroying kidneys. Researchers focus on restoring autophagy to find new therapies for acute kidney injury.
Resistance training increases autophagosome content in young men's muscles, but this effect may be reduced by aging. The study found that UPR is activated by resistance exercise regardless of age, suggesting similar muscle adaptation between young and older individuals.
The Protein Society has awarded Minfei Su and Chang-Ting Lin the 'Best Paper' award for their research on autophagy, a critical process in eukaryotic cells. The winners' work investigates the structural and thermodynamic details of protein interactions, shedding light on cellular homeostasis and evolution.
Researchers discovered that inhibiting autophagy with the help of FOXO3a molecule can push cancer cells into apoptosis. The study found that combining autophagy inhibition with a drug called Nutlin increases PUMA production, leading to cell death.
Researchers at Tohoku University discovered that plants activate autophagy in leaf cells to derive essential amino acids during periods of low sunlight. This process allows plants to survive and grow under conditions of energy scarcity, enabling them to adapt to environmental challenges.
Researchers at Tokyo Medical and Dental University develop a new system to visualize ubiquitin assembly in real time, revealing new insights into the molecular details of autophagy. The technique allows for the study of previously unexplored residues involved in forming ubiquitin chains.
Researchers studying a rare genetic disorder in children have discovered insights into biological mechanisms that drive the disease, including abnormal autophagy. They also identified a urine test as a biomarker for the disorder, which may help monitor response to treatment and develop precision medicine.
Researchers developed a technique to visualize mitophagy, the process by which cells recycle their energy factories, with a new bioimaging technology. The study could provide diagnostic information for degenerative brain diseases.
Researchers found FOXO proteins maintain healthy cartilage and prevent joint degeneration. Targeting FoxO could develop new therapies to treat osteoarthritis.
Researchers found that impairing Paneth cells allows gut bacteria to invade the small intestine, causing major inflammation. Normal autophagy in Paneth cells is required to regulate bacteria, keeping it at bay and preventing disease.
Researchers at Newcastle University found that a small adaptation in the protein p62 helps cells respond to stress and activate autophagy, a process that removes damaged components from cells. This discovery could help explain why humans have increased natural defenses and longer lifespans compared to other organisms.
Researchers found that autophagy proteins are responsible for triggering autoimmune processes in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis. Genetic switch-off of ATG5 protein reduced pathological T cell levels and inflammation in the central nervous system, suggesting its role in disease progression.
Researchers at King's College London have discovered novel mechanisms of cell death involved in debilitating neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. This finding could lead to new treatments or delay the progression of currently incurable conditions.
Researchers found that inhibiting autophagy in tumor cells increases the production of CCL5, a cytokine that attracts NK cells. This leads to a significant reduction in tumor size and improved survival rates for melanoma patients.
Researchers at the University of Warwick have discovered a link between inflammation and autophagy, a cellular process that breaks down harmful elements. This understanding could lead to more effective treatments for gut diseases like colon cancer, Crohn's, and ulcerative colitis.
A new molecular pathway controlling lifespan and healthspan has been identified in worms and mammals. Excess levels of proteins called Kruppel-like transcription factors (KLFs) can extend lifespan and improve blood vessel function, highlighting a potential target for age-related diseases.
Researchers found that low dietary potassium promotes elevated aortic stiffness, while increased dietary potassium alleviates it. Increased potassium also reduced vascular calcification and aortic stiffness in mouse models, suggesting its potential to protect against heart disease.
Researchers have identified genes promoting health and fitness in young worms but driving aging later in life. This discovery may have implications for treating neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases.
Researchers discovered that autophagy, a cellular 'clean-up process', initially slows ALS disease progression but later accelerates its deadly spread through the spinal cord. The study provides new insights into the complex mechanisms of ALS and lays the groundwork for therapies that could eventually prevent its onset.
Researchers at The Wistar Institute have established a correlation between the Wnt signaling pathway and a novel class of autophagy inhibitors in melanoma therapy. High levels of Wnt5A expression are linked to increased autophagy activation, making cells less sensitive to autophagy inhibition.
Recent research from NTNU found that omega-3 fatty acids can dampen harmful inflammatory reactions in the body, particularly by activating autophagy and inhibiting interferon response factors. This may be beneficial for patients with conditions driven or aggravated by strong inflammatory responses.
Researchers from Florida Atlantic University discover that autophagy, a garbage disposal-like process, combined with food absorption and smell influences aging. Smelling food enhances lifespan by 20% in C. elegans worms on restricted diets.
Researchers at the Francis Crick Institute have uncovered a pathway controlling autophagy, a process that eliminates diseased cell parts. This finding may help prevent diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's by targeting the disposal system.
Researchers at WashU Medicine found that hydroxychloroquine effectively blocks viral transmission to the fetus, protecting it from Zika infection. The study used mouse models to demonstrate that suppressing autophagy promotes Zika virus survival and infection in the placenta.
A malaria drug approved for treating certain autoimmune diseases during pregnancy may also reduce the transmission of Zika virus from mother to fetus. The study found that inhibiting autophagy with hydroxychloroquine limited Zika infection in fetal head and led to a larger body size, suggesting potential benefits.
A study by Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute researchers found that autophagy declines with age, leading to incomplete recycling of cellular waste. The team discovered this decline occurs after autophagosomes are formed, potentially blocking the conversion process and contributing to age-related diseases.
Researchers discovered that combining palbociclib with autophagy inhibitors can significantly reduce side effects and improve treatment efficacy for ER+ breast cancer patients. The study found that Rb and cytoplasmic cyclin E biomarkers predict response to therapy, allowing for personalized treatment approaches.
Trehalose boosts autophagy in macrophages, allowing them to reduce atherosclerotic plaque. The study shows promise for treating atherosclerosis and other metabolic conditions.
Researchers blocked S1P breakdown, leading to learning and memory problems in mice. Autophagy pathway also impaired, resulting in accumulation of Alzheimer's proteins in the brains.
Researchers found that impaired autophagy and lysosomal degradation lead to photoreceptor cell death in CLN5 deficient mice, mirroring human NCL diseases. The study suggests non-invasive retinal examinations could serve as biomarkers for neurological diseases.
Dr. Xiao-Ming Yin's pioneering research has significantly impacted our understanding of cellular degradation pathways, leading to novel cancer treatment approaches and potential therapeutic strategies for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
Legionella bacteria uses RavZ to disrupt autophagy machinery, evading host cells. Researchers developed semisynthetic LC3 proteins to study interaction with RavZ, identifying key binding site and mechanism of action.
Researchers identified autophagy as a critical process for promoting germline stem cell proliferation, specifically by regulating the cell cycle of progenitor cells. The study also found that autophagy is finely tuned in surrounding tissues to maintain germline homeostasis.
Researchers discovered that Salmonella typhimurium tricks the immune system into suppressing autophagy by degrading key proteins. This allows the pathogen to survive and evade the immune response. Understanding this mechanism could lead to new therapeutic strategies to enhance or manipulate autophagy in diseases like cancer.
Scientists from Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry are investigating a potential new drug therapy for dementia diseases. They aim to understand how impaired autophagy, or cellular recycling, contributes to neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers at University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center discover PGK1's dual role in regulating cell metabolism and autophagy, a cellular process crucial to tumor development and maintenance. The findings suggest that inhibiting PGK1-regulated autophagy may increase cancer treatment efficacy for glioblastoma patients.
Researchers studied cardiomyocyte autophagia in rabbits with acute focal ischemia. The study found that autophagy increases immediately after ischemia to protect cells, but decreases over time due to energy conservation. This mechanism helps prevent necrotic area expansion and cardiac death.
Scientists at Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute identified autophagy as a key process linking mild stress to improved survival and reduced protein aggregation. The study provides new avenues for treatments of neurological disorders such as Huntington's disease.
Scientists at Tohoku University have discovered a previously unknown type of autophagy that removes damaged chloroplasts in plants, shedding light on the aging process. This finding could lead to new methods for controlling plant aging and enhancing crop yields.
A new drug combination that adds chloroquine to targeted treatment has stabilized a 26-year-old brain cancer patient's disease, increasing both quality and quantity of life. The treatment was effective in two other brain cancer patients with similar diseases.