Research on type 2 diabetes and its management. Covers nerve pain, early onset, BMI trajectories, and treatment side effects.
A phase 3 clinical trial found that oral empagliflozin provided clinically meaningful and statistically significant improvements in glycemic control in young people with type 2 diabetes. The study demonstrated the safety and efficacy of empagliflozin in this population, while linagliptin did not show significant effects.
A recent study published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation found that PAX5 is strongly associated with impaired insulin secretion in type 2 diabetes. The research team identified 94 previously known genes and discovered many new genes differently expressed in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
A new study found that people with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes who took pioglitazone were less likely to develop dementia, with reduced risks of 16% and 54% among those with a history of ischemic heart disease or stroke. The benefit increased with longer drug use periods.
Acylated anthocyanins found in purple potatoes, sweet potatoes, and carrots have been shown to reduce type 2 diabetes risk by affecting glucose transporters and enzymes involved in metabolism. These compounds also maintain gut microbiota homeostasis and suppress pro-inflammatory pathways.
Researchers found a significant increase in new-onset diabetes after COVID-19 infection, with vaccination prior to infection showing protective effects. The study suggests that COVID-19 infection could be acting as a disease accelerator, amplifying risk for diabetes diagnosis.
A recent study found that adults with type 1 diabetes are at a high risk of being overweight or obese, but only half receive lifestyle recommendations to manage their weight. The study also highlighted the importance of individualized patient education in improving weight management for these patients.
A new study found that pregnant individuals who give birth to large-for-gestational-age (LGA) babies are at a higher risk of developing prediabetes or Type 2 diabetes 10-14 years after childbirth. Researchers analyzed data from the Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome Follow-up Study, which revealed a significant association bet...
A large-scale genetic analysis identified microRNAs in human pancreatic cells strongly associated with type 2 diabetes. The study found specific microRNAs different in people with the condition, which may chart its course or inform drug therapies.
A new study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences has identified 14 pancreatic islet miRNAs associated with human type 2 diabetes. The study used a large sample size of nearly 65 human pancreatic islets to uncover these miRNAs, revealing potential mechanisms for disease development and novel therapeutic targets.
Researchers discovered microexons, short DNA sequences that play a vital role in insulin secretion and glucose homeostasis. The study found that genetic variants affecting microexon inclusion are linked to type-2 diabetes risk and fasting blood sugar levels.
Scientists have discovered that wrinkles in the cellular nucleus may be involved in common metabolic diseases such as diabetes and fatty liver disease. The new findings suggest that targeting these wrinkles could lead to novel treatments for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, which affects 40% of people over age 70.
A culturally adapted online experience improved type 2 diabetes nutrition education for American Indians and Alaska Natives. The program prioritized traditional food practices and mindful eating activities, leading to increased engagement and positive experiences among participants.
Researchers at Aston University have discovered a new approach to process LDF light signals, allowing for more precise measurement of blood flow in specific areas of the vascular bed. This innovation has shown significant improvement in diagnostic accuracy for detecting microvascular changes in patients with type 2 diabetes and age-spe...
Researchers from DZD and Harvard Medical School identified key hepatokines dysregulated in NAFLD, predicting type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular events. Hepatokine cluster analysis revealed distinct subtypes of people with fatty liver having different pathomechanisms of insulin resistance.
A systematic review found that higher vitamin D intake was associated with a 15% decreased likelihood of developing type 2 diabetes in adults with prediabetes. Inexpensive vitamin D supplementation could delay the development of diabetes in over 10 million people worldwide.
A study published in BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care found that married individuals tend to have lower average glycemic levels compared to those without a partner. The researchers also discovered that marital transitions, such as divorce, can significantly impact blood glucose levels and the risk of pre-diabetes.
A study identified an antibody candidate that blocks the protein VEGF-B, presenting a possible therapeutic option for fatty liver disease. The treatment method involves keeping fatty acids in adipose tissue to prevent liver accumulation.
Researchers found that poorer blood sugar control, as measured by haemoglobin A1c, was associated with higher core body temperature and increased heart rate during exercise in a heated chamber. This suggests that people with type 2 diabetes may be at greater risk of heat-related stress and heat-related injuries.
A diabetes screening program in an urban emergency department found high rates of undiagnosed prediabetes and type 2 diabetes among racial and ethnic minority individuals and low-income patients. The study suggests that targeted outreach to those with higher hemoglobin A1c levels may be more cost-effective.
Researchers found that continuous glucose monitors and wearable devices pose challenges for patients and caregivers, including issues with hardware, software, and device use. Nearly three-quarters of participants experienced low blood sugar levels, highlighting the need for improved technology to manage diabetes effectively.
A study by Brigham and Women's Hospital investigators found early signs of eye damage before type 2 diabetes onset, suggesting pre-diabetic complications. They discovered immune cells migrating to the lens, causing cellular changes that compromise lens function.
Researchers have identified serine as a key contributor to peripheral neuropathy in diabetes, a condition that affects approximately half of people with type 1 or type 2 diabetes. Supplementing diabetic mice with serine alleviated neuropathy symptoms, suggesting a potential treatment option.
A UK study found that people with type 2 diabetes have substantially higher cancer mortality rates than the general population. Breast cancer mortality in younger women with T2D is rising, highlighting the need for extended screening, better management of diabetes and its complications, and improved cancer treatments.
A six-year study published in the Journal of the American Heart Association found that reducing overall calorie intake was a stronger determinant of weight change than meal timing. The research suggests that limiting total eating window during the day may not be as effective for controlling weight as previously thought.
A large cohort study found an association between dietary nitrite intake and increased risk of type 2 diabetes. The study, which included over 104,000 participants, suggests that limiting the use of nitrite additives in processed meats may be necessary to reduce this risk.
A new study by the University of Coimbra found that higher coffee intake is associated with reduced NAFLD severity in overweight people with T2D. Caffeine and polyphenols in coffee may help alleviate liver fibrosis and improve glucose homeostasis.
A new twin study by Karolinska Institutet suggests that the same genes may be behind both cardiometabolic diseases and dementia. The study found that individuals with multiple cardiometabolic conditions had a significantly increased risk of developing dementia.
Researchers at the University of Cambridge developed an artificial pancreas that can help maintain healthy glucose levels in type 2 diabetes patients. The device doubled the time spent in the target range for glucose and halved the time spent with high glucose levels, reducing average glucose levels and glycated haemoglobin levels.
Researchers at WashU Medicine discovered a link between obesity and diabetes, highlighting the importance of an enzyme in fatty acid processing. The study suggests that defects in this enzyme contribute to insulin hypersecretion and beta cell failure, paving the way for potential therapeutic interventions.
A new study uses machine learning to predict poor glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes, identifying key factors such as prior glucose levels and anti-diabetic medicines. The findings suggest that data routinely collected for diabetes monitoring can reliably identify patients at risk of hyperglycemia.
Researchers found that people with higher levels of Coprococcus tended to have higher insulin sensitivity, while those with Flavonifractor had lower insulin sensitivity. The study aimed to understand the relationship between microbiome composition and diabetes development.
Researchers found that xanthan gum-based fluid thickener decreases postprandial blood glucose levels by increasing Glp1 and Glp1r expression in the ileum. Additionally, the study reveals alterations in gut microbiome composition, favoring beneficial bacteria that produce short-chain fatty acids to protect intestinal cells.
Researchers developed a new epigenetic biomarker, GrimAge version 2, which leverages two DNAm-based estimators of plasma proteins to predict mortality risk. The study found that GrimAge 2 outperforms existing clinical biomarkers in predicting mortality across multiple racial/ethnic groups and associations with age-related conditions.
A new study found that drinking two or more cups of coffee daily may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease mortality among people with severe hypertension. In contrast, moderate green tea consumption did not show a significant association with increased risk, suggesting potential benefits of polyphenols in reducing mortality.
A study published in Circulation found that walking between 6,000 and 9,000 steps per day significantly lowers the risk of a cardiovascular event in older adults. For those who are least active, even small increases in daily step count can have a substantial impact on heart health.
Research published in Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology reveals a link between maternal diabetes and neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism, ADHD, and intellectual disability in children. Type 1 and type 2 diabetes were associated with increased risks of these conditions, while gestational diabetes was linked to autism spec...
A study found that metformin use significantly reduces the risk of total knee and hip replacements in patients with type 2 diabetes. The researchers analyzed data from over 69,000 participants and discovered a significant association between metformin use and lower joint replacement rates.
A study in wild mice reveals that metformin's antidiabetic effects depend on the presence of GDF15, a protein that responds to cellular stress. GDF15 activates AMPK, a metabolic sensor involved in energy balance, and its levels increase with metformin treatment.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of 53 studies found that obesity is not a universal phenotype in children with type 2 diabetes. Further studies are needed to understand the mechanisms driving this condition in children with type 2 diabetes.
A new study found that intermittent fasting can lead to complete diabetes remission in people with type 2 diabetes, with 55% of participants discontinuing their medication and maintaining it for at least a year. The study also showed that diabetes medications costs decreased by 77% after intermittent fasting.
A new study found that a machine learning-based blood test can accurately predict an individual's entire diet over 19 food groups, outperforming traditional methods. The test, which uses molecular profiling, also identifies who is more likely to develop diabetes and cardiovascular disease based on each food group.
Women who take more steps per day have a lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes, with those taking 10,700 steps daily being 44% less likely to develop the condition. The study analyzed over 5,700 participants and found a significant correlation between physical activity and reduced diabetes risk.
A randomized controlled trial found that a low-carbohydrate, high-fat diet helped patients with type 2 diabetes achieve better weight loss and glucose control over a 6-month intervention compared to a high-carb, low-fat diet. However, changes were not sustained 3 months after the intervention.
A study found that drinking caffeinated coffee daily can reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes by 10-53% in women who had gestational diabetes during pregnancy. Replacing sugary drinks with coffee also shows a 10-17% reduced risk.
Global rates of type 2 diabetes in adolescents and young adults have increased significantly between 1990 and 2019, with countries with lower socioeconomic development and women under 30 showing the largest increases. High body mass index is the main contributing factor to this trend.
A retrospective cohort study of 1,404 subjects with type 2 diabetes found that metformin use reduced the risk of delirium by 50% and decreased 3-year mortality rates. The study suggests that metformin may be a potential benefit for patients with diabetes, particularly in reducing age-related disorders such as dementia.
Researchers have developed a preventative therapeutic approach that prevents stress-induced cell death in pancreatic cells, a hallmark of type 1 diabetes. The treatment targets the GLIS3-MANF pathway common to both major types of diabetes.
A new study allows people with type 2 diabetes to choose their own medication after trying three different drugs in succession. The approach resulted in better glucose control and fewer side effects compared to other methods. Researchers conclude that patients should try before choosing a treatment for optimal results.
A new University of Otago study found that only half of women with gestational diabetes were tested for type 2 diabetes within six months of giving birth. The study also highlighted ethnic and regional disparities in testing rates, with Māori women being particularly under-tested.
A study published in the Hypertension journal suggests that bromocriptine, a Parkinson's disease medication, may help prevent heart disease in youth with Type 1 diabetes. The research found that teens with Type 1 diabetes who took bromocriptine had lower blood pressure and less stiff arteries after one month of treatment.
A study of over one million Medicaid beneficiaries found that more than half experienced significant lapses in coverage, with only 25% continuously enrolled throughout the period. The authors recommend increasing investments to improve long-term health outcomes.
A recent study found that consuming the most vegetables, including leafy greens and cruciferous veggies, was associated with a lower risk of developing Type 2 diabetes. Meanwhile, potatoes may not have the same benefits but aren't bad if prepared in a healthy way.
Researchers at Klick Applied Sciences have created a machine learning model to predict diabetes onset in patients using just 12 hours of data from continuous glucose monitors. The study showed high accuracy in identifying prediabetes, healthy patients, and those with Type 2 diabetes, offering a potential tool for early disease prevention.
A study of over 1000 Australian adults found that people with trouble sleeping were more likely to have indicators of poor cardiometabolic health, including inflammatory markers, cholesterol, and body weight. Prioritizing a good night's sleep is crucial for maintaining good health, according to researcher Dr Lisa Matricciani.
A new survey by the European Federation of Dietitians supports moderate coffee consumption as having clear health benefits, including improved alertness and sports performance. The study involved 585 dietitians from across 26 European countries.
Researchers explore the interactions between adipose tissues and surrounding blood vessels in connection with lipid metabolism and associated diseases. Targeting angiogenesis may provide a gateway for treating obesity, while its inhibition or promotion depends on the specific disease context.
A UK Biobank study found that screening all adults aged 40-70 years for type 2 diabetes using HbA1c could detect up to 250,000 undiagnosed cases, bringing diagnoses forward by 2.2 years on average.
A study found that South Asian women with genes associated with type 2 diabetes are at a higher risk of developing gestational diabetes during pregnancy. The researchers identified genetic signatures linked with type 2 diabetes risk as strongly and independently associated with gestational diabetes in this population.
Researchers found that a genetic mutation associated with liver disease confers different levels of risk depending on a patient's diabetic status. In diabetic patients, the mutation predisposes them to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, but in nondiabetic patients, it protects against liver disease.
Researchers found that individuals with CYP8B1 loss-of-function mutations have improved insulin sensitivity and better glucose regulation, reducing the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes. The study suggests a potential new treatment approach using bile acid modulators to target this gene.