Articles tagged with Type 2 Diabetes
A new study by Queen Mary University of London reveals that children and young adults with Down Syndrome are four times more likely to be diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. The research, which examined over 9,000 individuals with Down Syndrome, found a 10-fold increased risk of developing the condition in those aged five-14.
A study at Michigan Medicine found multiple lipid biomarkers linked to diabetic neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes. High scores for neuropathy were associated with changes in lipids reflecting impaired energy metabolism, suggesting a potential target for testing and managing the condition.
A new study found that feelings of loneliness are strongly associated with a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Individuals who reported feeling lonely were twice as likely to develop T2D than those who did not feel lonely.
Researchers found that all mind-body practices led to significant reductions in blood sugar levels, with yoga providing the largest benefit. The study suggests that these practices could be used as a complementary nonpharmacological treatment or preventive measure for type 2 diabetes.
A cohort study of nearly 200,000 people found that intentional weight loss reduces the risk of type 2 diabetes for those who are overweight or obese. However, for lean individuals, weight loss attempts are associated with longer-term weight gain and higher risks of type 2 diabetes.
Researchers found that knocking out TXNIP in alpha cells improves diabetes-associated hyperglycemia and hyperglucagonemia. This discovery suggests a new potential treatment for Type 1 diabetes.
A study found that building trust with community health workers (promotores) can lead to long-term self-care in type 2 diabetes patients. 32.4% of participants achieved 'self-care generativity,' while 40.5% progressed to 'stabilization.' The model, called Nosotros, could be replicated to improve chronic disease management.
A new study found that placing a monthly cap on out-of-pocket costs for commercially insured patients could lower their highest monthly healthcare bills by 50-60%. A $500 monthly limit would affect about 25% of enrollees and reduce in-network OOP costs over a year by 46%, while a $250 limit would show a 51% reduction.
Repeated cold-induced shivering improves glucose tolerance, decreases fasting blood sugar, and reduces blood fat levels in overweight adults. It also markedly lowers blood pressure and has a beneficial effect on triglycerides and free-fatty acids.
Researchers have genetically engineered human muscle cells to take up more sugar from the blood, reducing blood glucose levels by 20% in diabetic mice. The new tissue also shows promise for a single injection of tissue providing long-lasting glucose control.
Researchers at the University of Houston have discovered a way to activate the soleus muscle, which can sustain elevated oxidative metabolism and improve blood glucose regulation for hours. The 'soleus pushup' movement has been shown to increase oxygen consumption and reduce insulin requirements.
Researchers found that nerve damage in the cornea increases with glucose metabolism impairment and blood sugar levels, suggesting early detection may delay or prevent complications. The study suggests high blood sugar levels can begin to damage corneal nerves long before type 2 diabetes develops.
Women who underwent a hysterectomy before age 45 have a 52% increased risk of developing incident type 2 diabetes, according to a study of over 83,000 French women. The risk remains even if ovaries are not removed and is unrelated to diet and physical activity.
A study published in The BMJ found that adopting a healthy lifestyle can reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes by up to 90% in women with a history of gestational diabetes. Women who adhered to five key lifestyle factors had a significantly lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes, regardless of their weight or genetic risk.
A new study reveals that type 2 diabetes significantly shortens the life expectancy of women, younger individuals, and smokers, with a 60% increased risk of early death among women. The research also shows that diagnosis at an earlier age and smoking have a substantial impact on mortality rates.
A pioneering behavioural diagnostic tool, SPUR, has been developed to improve medication adherence in type 2 diabetes patients. The study found that the tool can reliably identify patients struggling with their medicines and the reasons why.
Research found that 'night owls' are more insulin resistant, favoring carbohydrates over fats as an energy source. In contrast, 'early birds' are more active and use more fat for energy, reducing their risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
Research at Karolinska Institutet shows that people with diabetes have lower levels of psoriasin, a key peptide that weakens the bladder's protective barrier function. This increases the risk of urinary tract infections. Oestrogen therapy may help regulate the immune response to UTIs in patients with diabetes.
A study by the University of Geneva team shows that disrupted circadian clocks lead to a rigidity in the membrane of pancreatic endocrine cells, affecting their function. The researchers also found that lipid profiles oscillate more during the day than previously thought, particularly in phospholipids and sphingolipids.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of 19 cohort studies involving over 1 million adults found that moderate tea consumption is associated with a lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Drinking at least four cups of tea a day may reduce the risk by 17%.
Researchers found that a healthy lifestyle can almost halve the likelihood of developing dementia in people with type 2 diabetes. The study followed 445,364 participants and found that those with diabetes who had an unhealthy lifestyle were 65% more likely to develop dementia than those with the healthiest lifestyle.
A new study of over half a million people with type 2 diabetes found that smoking and low physical activity significantly increase the risk of premature death. Individuals with type 2 diabetes who develop cancer are more likely to die in seven years if they are smokers or physically inactive.
A systematic review of 107 studies found that high intake of whole grains, fibre, fish and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) is associated with a lower risk of death in adults with type 2 diabetes. Adding these foods to a diet can reduce the risk of premature death by up to 16%.
Italian researchers found that dairy products, particularly low-fat ones and yogurt, are associated with a lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Red and processed meat were linked to an increased risk, but moderate amounts of fish and eggs could be eaten in their place.
Researchers investigated direction of attentional focus in prosthetic training to improve motor learning in individuals with lower limb loss. The study suggests that current practice can be refined to enhance rehabilitation outcomes for amputees.
Tirzepatide, a new type 2 diabetes drug, has been shown to achieve blood glucose targets 4-12 weeks sooner than existing treatments. Additionally, tirzepatide was found to promote weight loss goals faster than semaglutide, with an average time of 8-24 weeks to reach target weight loss.
A study published in Neurology found that people with type 2 diabetes who followed seven healthy lifestyle habits had a lower risk of dementia. The habits included getting enough sleep, exercising regularly and having frequent social contact.
A six-country European survey found that people with diabetes living in Italy and the UK, women, and those younger than 45 have the highest prevalence of anxiety. The study also suggests a link between blood sugar management and anxiety severity.
The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) states that screening for type 2 diabetes in asymptomatic children and adolescents under 18 has insufficient evidence to support a recommendation. As of 2018, approximately 23,000 children and adolescents had type 2 diabetes, with incidence rates rising.
Researchers are using in vitro skeletal muscle models to study Type 2 diabetes and its treatment. These models enable the exploration of disease characteristics and discovery of new medicines tailored to individual patients' muscles.
A study led by Arizona State University Professor Gabriel Shaibi found that a community-based program combining education and exercise significantly improves the health of Latino children at risk for diabetes. The program, which included 117 families from around the Valley, provided culturally focused lessons on healthy eating and phys...
Weekly injections of semaglutide reduce type 2 diabetes risk by over 60%, mirroring significant weight loss. Sustained treatment is necessary to maintain the benefit.
A new study reveals a widening gap in diabetes-related mortality between urban and rural areas in the USA, with significant disparities seen in male and younger patients. The study found that reductions in mortality rates in urban areas were mainly limited to female and older patients, while outcomes worsened for male and younger indiv...
A new study found that tighter blood sugar control for women with gestational diabetes reduced infant death, trauma, and shoulder dystocia by half. However, it also increased the risk of serious health complications for the mother, such as major postpartum hemorrhage.
Researchers found that early weight loss is strongly associated with short and medium-term success in weight management programmes. Those who fail to lose at least 0.5% of their body weight after three sessions are unlikely to succeed. The threshold of failing to achieve 0.5% body weight loss was 95% accurate at identifying participant...
Studies investigate lifestyle interventions to achieve nutritional ketosis and its impact on chronic illness, sleep, and cardiovascular disease in the military. Researchers aim to understand how ketogenic diet, ketone-based beverages, and their effects on clinical outcomes will benefit soldiers' health.
A new study of 1.9 million adults found that young-onset type 2 diabetes is associated with a substantially higher relative risk of cardiovascular disease and death. Individuals diagnosed with early-onset T2D aged 40 or younger had five times more likelihood to develop heart disease, seven times more likely to be hospitalized with hear...
Researchers from Children's Hospital of Philadelphia used advanced mapping techniques to identify causal genes and target pairings in the pancreas linked to type 2 diabetes. The study revealed alpha and acinar cells play a greater role in disease development than previously thought.
Researchers found that people with type 2 diabetes are being admitted to hospital at greater frequency for non-traditional complications, including infections and mental health disorders. These emerging complications pose a significant burden on healthcare systems and may require changes to diabetes management.
A study by University of Basel researchers found that insufficient insulin production contributes to overweight, challenging the long-held belief that poor nutrition and lack of exercise cause weight gain. The research revealed a key enzyme's role in hormone activation, leading to severe hunger and obesity.
Researchers at CeMM have discovered that targeting SMNDC1 in alpha cells can induce insulin production, a potential new approach for treating diabetes. The study identified a key molecular mechanism regulating insulin hormone production and its essential role in the treatment of diabetes.
Diabetes-resistant mice develop a protective beta cell cluster with reduced glucose uptake and increased beta cell division, while diabetic-prone mice experience metabolic stress and beta cell failure. This study reveals the key role of adaptive gene expression in protecting against type 2 diabetes.
A study published in Cell found that a Western-style diet high in sugar alters the gut microbiome, leading to metabolic disease, pre-diabetes, and weight gain. Eliminating sugar from the diet restored the protective effects of Th17 immune cells, which were depleted by the sugar.
A meta-analysis of clinical trials found that SGLT2 inhibitors, like dapagliflozin and empagliflozin, reduce cardiovascular death and hospitalization in patients with mildly reduced or preserved ejection fraction heart failure. These drugs may benefit a wide range of patients, regardless of age, sex, or medical history.
Researchers have combined tesaglitazar and GLP-1 in a new hormone combination for type 2 diabetes treatment, improving glucose metabolism with minimal doses. The new drug has shown promise in animal studies, reducing kidney damage and increasing insulin sensitivity.
A study by Children's Hospital Colorado reveals a 77% surge in newly diagnosed youth-onset type 2 diabetes cases during the COVID-19 pandemic. The increasing prevalence of obesity and unhealthy habits since the pandemic's onset are thought to contribute to this rise.
A recent study by Johns Hopkins Children's Center researchers found a significant rise in type 2 diabetes cases among children during the COVID-19 pandemic. The increase was largely attributed to reduced physical activity and weight gain due to lockdowns and virtual learning.
Researchers found that participants who received cooking education showed improvements in eating more vegetables, fewer carbohydrates, and lower A1C levels. The study also highlighted the importance of addressing food insecurity in diabetes management.
A new study identifies PDIA3 as a molecule targeted by the immune system in response to stress, contributing to liver damage in type 2 diabetes and obesity. Elevated levels of antibodies for PDIA3 have been found in people with these conditions, but improving diet and weight can reverse this liver condition.
Using standing desks alongside other measures reduced office workers' sitting time by about an hour a day over one year, leading to small improvements in stress, well-being, and energy levels. A height-adjustable desk was three times more effective than the standard SWAL intervention in reducing sitting time.
Researchers discovered a rare genetic mutation that may lead to better diabetes treatments for patients, regardless of whether they inherited the mutation. The study found that carriers of the mutation had lower levels of adiponectin and higher levels of ceramides in their blood.
A new study suggests that the true figure of undiagnosed diabetes in the US is significantly lower than current government estimates, with a prevalence rate of around 9.5% of the total diabetes burden. Disparities in access to healthcare and screening contribute to higher rates in older adults, racial/ethnic minorities, and those witho...
A UCI-led study found that Rhodiola rosea extract improved glucose homeostasis, modulated the gut microbiome, and reduced inflammatory biomarkers in a mouse model of type 2 diabetes. The results suggest potential benefits for treating the condition through changes in the microbiome.
Researchers developed an AI algorithm using individual ECG heartbeats to accurately predict diabetes and pre-diabetes. The DiaBeats algorithm detected the diseases with an overall accuracy of 97%, irrespective of factors like age, gender, and coexisting metabolic disorders.
A world-first study reveals a direct link between low vitamin D and high inflammation, providing a biomarker for those at risk of chronic illnesses. Boosting vitamin D in people with deficiencies may reduce chronic inflammation.
Researchers have developed a novel approach to engineering live bacterial therapeutics by using native microbes that can survive in the gut. This method overcomes previous limitations of introducing engineered bacteria into the gut, demonstrating potential for long-term therapy and reversal of disease pathologies in mouse models.
A team of researchers at Mount Sinai discovered a molecular mechanism involving carbohydrate response-element binding protein (ChREBP) that plays a key role in glucose toxicity and beta-cell death. Increasing expression of an alternate form of ChREBP or activating nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2 can preserve beta-cell mass.
A new study from Edith Cowan University found that acupuncture therapy significantly improved fasting plasma glucose, two-hour plasma glucose, and glycated haemoglobin levels in people with prediabetes. The therapy also showed a greater decline in the incidence of prediabetes without adverse reactions.
The Women's Preventive Services Initiative issues guidelines for preventing obesity in midlife women, recommending counseling on healthy eating and physical activity. The guideline aims to mitigate concerns about weight stigma by normalizing counseling among all midlife women, regardless of BMI status.
A recent JAMA study found a positive association between high insulin dosage and cancer incidence among patients with type 1 diabetes. The study suggests that clinicians may need to balance cancer risk when treating patients on high insulin doses, with improving insulin sensitivity potentially being a preferred approach.