Articles tagged with Calcium
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Researchers at UC Davis have developed SparkMaster2, an open-source software that analyzes normal and abnormal calcium activity in human cells. The tool can identify calcium sparks associated with irregular heartbeats, or arrhythmia, enabling better understanding of the underlying biology.
Researchers discovered that blending crushed rock with arable soil could help reduce global temperatures. The process, known as enhanced chemical weathering, works by releasing calcium and magnesium from rocks, which bind atmospheric carbon dioxide and prevent its release back into the atmosphere.
Researchers studying foraminifers, tiny algae with calcareous shells, have discovered six different strategies under various environmental conditions. These strategies are crucial for predicting changes in the ocean's calcium balance and carbon cycle under climate change.
Scientists have discovered ancient ocean water trapped in mineral deposits in the Himalayas, providing insights into Earth's past climate and oxygen levels. The deposits suggest that slow-growing cyanobacteria may have triggered a major oxygenation event around 700-500 million years ago.
Researchers at the University of Virginia Health System discovered that improper calcium signaling in mitochondria accelerates chronic inflammation, leading to age-related conditions. Increasing calcium uptake in macrophages may help prevent harmful inflammation and its effects on the brain.
Rice University scientists use light-activated molecular machines to trigger intercellular calcium signals, revealing a powerful new strategy for controlling cellular activity. The technology could lead to improved treatments for people with heart problems, digestive issues, and more.
Researchers at Pusan National University have developed a new adsorbent that utilizes problematic protons in acidic wastewater to enhance the removal of radioactive cesium ions. The adsorbent, potassium calcium thiostannate, shows improved capacity under strongly acidic conditions.
Researchers discovered the abundance of rock-forming elements in WASP-76 b's atmosphere, which matches its host star and our own Sun closely. The team found that certain elements are depleted due to temperature conditions, providing insight into the sensitivity of giant planet atmospheres.
A Washington State University-led study reveals that plants can distinguish between touch and release by sending slow waves of calcium signals when touched and rapid waves when released. The researchers used specially bred plants with calcium sensors to detect these changes, providing new insights into plant sensitivity.
A team at Tohoku University has created a prototype calcium metal rechargeable battery that can handle 500 cycles of charging and discharging. The breakthrough employs a copper sulfide-based cathode and hydride-type electrolyte, demonstrating high stability and performance.
Researchers at the Lewis Katz School of Medicine found that calcium sensor MICU1 regulates mitochondrial ultrastructure, governing inner and outer mitochondrial membrane structure. This discovery provides a framework for understanding cellular energetics and cell death, with implications for diseases such as cardiovascular disease.
Professor Bess Dawson-Hughes has been recognized with the 2023 IOF President’s Award for her significant contributions to advancing osteoporosis research and treatment. Her extensive body of work has led to a greater understanding of nutrition's role in age-related bone loss.
A new high-speed two-photon microscope was developed with an unprecedented line scanning frequency of 400 kHz, achieving up to 10,000 frames per second. This allowed for precise observations of complex biological processes in living tissues, including calcium signal propagation and blood flow measurements.
A new onsite deep-learning based FFR-CT algorithm demonstrates excellent diagnostic performance, with high interobserver and intraobserver reproducibility. The algorithm showed AUC of 0.975, sensitivity of 93.5%, and specificity of 97.7% for hemodynamically significant stenosis.
A study found that sleeve gastrectomy decreases bone mineral density and strength in adolescents and young adults. Participants who underwent weight loss surgery lost significant amounts of weight and experienced reductions in abdominal fat tissue and muscle mass.
Researchers from PSI deciphered the structure of an ion channel found in the eye while interacting with calmodulin, a protein that enables cell response to calcium fluctuations. This interaction is believed to be responsible for achieving remarkable sensitivity to dim light.
A research team from Germany, Austria, Canada, and the USA analyzed Troodon eggshells using a new method, revealing that they were produced at temperatures of 42°C and 30°C. The findings suggest that Troodon females laid eggs in communal nests, similar to modern ostriches.
Researchers have found a way to significantly reduce the carbon footprint of concrete production by introducing a simple additive, sodium bicarbonate. This new process can sequester up to 15% of the total carbon dioxide associated with cement production, making concrete a more environmentally friendly material.
A team of researchers from Pusan National University evaluated the efficacy of calcite and phosphogypsum in reducing arsenate ions' availability for crops. Phosphogypsum was found to be more effective in immobilizing arsenic in soil due to a substitution mechanism involving sulfate and hydrogen arsenate ions.
A Mediterranean diet rich in colourful fruits and vegetables helps prevent prostate cancer and speeds up recovery after radiation treatment. Foods such as tomatoes, melons, and nuts are particularly beneficial due to their high levels of lycopene and selenium.
A University of Houston engineer has made a groundbreaking discovery that could improve pharmaceuticals by controlling the growth of ammonium urate crystals. By manipulating tautomers, researchers found that a small fraction can control crystal growth, potentially preventing crystallization and related health issues.
Researchers at Rice University have developed light-activated nanoscale drills that can kill pathogenic fungi, providing a potential new treatment option for fungal infections. The molecular machines target the mitochondria of fungal cells, disrupting cellular metabolism and leading to cell death.
New research reveals that nitrogen released by gas-powered machines causes dry soil to let go of carbon and release it back into the atmosphere. The study found that excess nitrogen acidifies soils, leading to a loss of carbon stored in association with calcium.
Researchers have solved an 80-year-old medical mystery that causes kidney damage in children and can be fatal in babies. They discovered a gene mutation is the primary cause, but found that around 10% of patients without the mutation still experience symptoms.
A recent study published in Science Advances has deepened the understanding of circadian rhythm regulation in mammals. The research found that intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) is controlled by a neural network, whereas calcium ions are regulated by intracellular mechanisms.
Researchers analyzed ancient teeth from Homo erectus and great apes to reveal annual cycles in tooth enamel, providing insights into their diets and seasonal food supplies. The study shows that humans and great apes had distinct dietary patterns, with humans exhibiting less pronounced peaks and lower Sr/Ca values.
Researchers discovered that 15-deoxy-prostamide-J2 induces ER stress-mediated apoptosis selectively in tumor cells, reducing melanoma growth. The molecule activates PERK, IP3R, and the mitochondrial permeability transition pore, leading to cell death.
Researchers have developed a novel portable and low-cost macroscopic mapping system for all-optical cardiac electrophysiology using optogenetics and machine vision cameras. The system can stimulate and image engineered networks of human heart cells, providing insights into cardiac wave function and stability.
Researchers have discovered that nutrient elements such as potassium, calcium, magnesium, and sodium can activate immune responses in tomato plants, leading to disease resistance. The study found that different defense signaling pathways are required for induction of immunity in response to different elements.
A recent study by Universitat Oberta de Catalunya reveals that Spanish citizens have lower vitamin D levels compared to Northern European nations. Despite the importance of this hormone for overall health, supplementation is not commonly practiced in Spain.
Researchers found that vitamin D deficiency increases the risk of dynapenia, an age-associated loss of muscle strength, by 70-78%. Vitamin D supplementation was shown to reduce this risk. The study analyzed data from over 3,000 individuals aged 50 and over, highlighting the importance of vitamin D for maintaining muscle strength.
A new study reveals that global warming and ocean acidification are threatening marine organisms with calcium carbonate skeletons, such as corals and sea urchins. The researchers found a clear pattern showing that species with high levels of magnesium in their skeletons become more common with warmer seawater temperatures.
A long-term study found that eating more than 100 micrograms of vitamin K1 daily reduced the risk of fractures and hospitalizations by 31-49%. Dark leafy vegetables and one-to-two serves of vegetables are recommended for optimal benefits. Vitamin K1 has been shown to enhance cardiovascular health and promote bone health.
Researchers at John Innes Centre found that amino acid waves, not calcium waves, mediate plant responses to stress. Glutamate released from wounds triggers a wave of calcium responses in plant tissues.
The study reveals that calcium oxalate crystals are responsible for the formation of microscopic cavities in fossilized leaves. The researchers found clear parallels in closely related species, suggesting a biological function for the crystals.
A recent study published in Life Metabolism found that impaired phosphorylation of SERCA2a plays a bidirectional role in myocardial insulin resistance, dysregulation of calcium homeostasis, and the early stages of DCM. This mechanism involves the regulation of protein stability and insulin receptor maturation.
Researchers found that pre-menopausal levels of LDL cholesterol and cardiovascular risk factors were predictive of post-menopausal coronary artery calcium deposits. Women who developed coronary calcium were significantly heavier with higher body mass index and larger waists.
A new study by UNC Chapel Hill researchers found that pregnant women with low calcium intake have higher levels of lead in their bloodstream due to rapid bone turnover. Calcium consumption can minimize this effect, but the study also suggests that even low-level exposure may pose health risks.
Children with severe asthma are at risk of bone loss due to inadequate dietary calcium. Taking a daily calcium supplement can help prevent this condition. Researchers found that only 5-10% of children at the study site were taking a calcium supplement, highlighting the need for increased awareness and supplementation.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital discovered a key link between presenilin gene mutations, altered calcium handling, and amyloid-beta42 production in Alzheimer's disease. Inhibiting a specific calcium pathway may lower A-beta42 levels, offering hope for preventing or slowing the progression of the devastating disease.
A University of Florida study found that many calcium supplements contain lead, posing a risk to consumers who ingest high doses. The researchers recommend choosing lead-free brands and labeling products to minimize exposure.
A large study of 191 nuns found no correlation between phosphorus and protein intake and calcium absorption. The researchers suggested that high protein diets may actually contribute to a negative calcium balance due to increased urinary calcium loss.
Researchers found that adults with sufficient calcium consumption have significantly lower rates of periodontal disease. The study suggests that calcium plays a crucial role in building density in the alveolar bone that supports the teeth, helping to prevent bacterial onslaughts that can lead to infection and tooth loss.
A study found that women with low-fat diets had 19% lower fractional calcium absorption rates than those with high-fat diets. The authors propose that fat may increase calcium absorption by slowing transit time through the intestines.
Teenage girls with lactose intolerance can consume dairy products daily without discomfort, as they adapt to increased consumption over three weeks. The study's findings suggest that slowly adding dairy to the diet can help alleviate bloating and gas, while still meeting calcium needs.
A new minimally invasive radio-guided parathyroidectomy (MIRP) technique allows surgeons to remove parathyroid glands with fewer complications, reducing surgery time from several hours to just 30 minutes. This outpatient procedure also enables patients to go home within a few hours, compared to days of hospitalization.
A molecular-level malfunction in patients with heart failure can be repaired with existing treatments, suggesting a new approach to treating the root cause of the disease. The research reveals that a malfunctioning calcium channel is responsible for the defect, and beta blockers may prevent or reverse its development.
Researchers at University of Illinois find organelle with acidocalcisome properties, crucial for malaria parasite's existence, and propose using pyrophosphate analogs to target it. This discovery may lead to new treatment options against rapidly resistant malaria.
A study by Heaney et al. found that calcium absorption from soy milk is three-quarters of that from cow's milk. The researchers recommend increasing soy milk fortification to match calcium absorption levels of cow's milk.
Researchers at the University of Chicago discovered how neighboring skin cells adhere to form sealed barriers, a critical function for maintaining body fluids and keeping germs out. The study found that calcium concentration plays a crucial role in this process, enabling the formation of adherence junctions and 'puncta' between cells.
Researchers have successfully delivered additional copies of a gene called SERCA2a to muscle cells from failing human hearts, enabling them to function normally. This breakthrough could lead to novel therapeutic approaches for heart failure, which affects millions worldwide.
A new study by Johns Hopkins Medicine shows that minimally invasive surgery to remove parathyroid tumors is safe and effective, with a significantly shorter hospital stay and reduced hospital charges compared to traditional open surgery. The procedure also reduces the risk of complications, such as vocal nerve injury.
Researchers found calcium citrate absorbed 22-27% better than calcium carbonate, effective in preventing bone loss and stabilizing bone density. The studies confirmed the benefits of calcium citrate in maintaining bone health in early menopause.
A new nutrition intervention program aims to improve eating habits and increase calcium consumption in healthy children, potentially reducing the risk of osteoporosis and bone-related health issues later in life. The program will test whether behavioral modification and education can lead to long-lasting changes in diet.
A study by Purdue University found that vegan diets lack sufficient calcium, even with dairy-free alternatives. Experts recommend drinking milk or adding fortified foods/supplements to meet the daily calcium requirement. Vegans may need to consume large amounts of calcium-rich vegetables like broccoli and kale to get enough.
Researchers found that calcium absorption decreased with age, especially after the age of 80, leading to increased risk of osteoporosis in older men. Higher levels of fractional calcium absorption were associated with slower rates of hip bone loss.
Researchers at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill have discovered that calcium channels help regulate cell movement by opening to admit more calcium ions when cells are stretched. This boost in motility enables cells to move forward again, which could lead to breakthroughs in wound healing and cancer treatment.
A study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association found that underlying vitamin D deficiency in post-menopausal women is associated with an increased risk of hip fracture. The researchers discovered that 50% of women with osteoporosis who suffered a hip fracture had previously undetected vitamin D deficiency.
A new screening tool combining CT scans and electrocardiograms has promise to be a highly effective and relatively inexpensive way to detect blood vessel disease. The test measures calcium in the heart's arteries, identifying signs of atherosclerosis that can block arteries and cause heart attacks and strokes.
A multi-centered study led by Dartmouth Medical School found that supplementation with calcium can reduce the recurrence rate of large bowel adenomas in people with a history of these particular polyps. The findings suggest promising measures that are fairly simple and inexpensive to help prevent colorectal cancer.