Articles tagged with Morbidity
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A study by Boston University School of Medicine researchers suggests that HIV RNA expression inhibitors can diminish atypical inflammation and restore immune function in HIV-infected individuals on combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). Chronic viral infection leads to immune activation, causing non-AIDS complications such as cardi...
High-performing neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) share eight critical factors in common, including strong performance-improvement leadership and effective communication strategies. These factors contribute to a culture of quality and safety, leading to improved patient outcomes.
A recent study found that late preterm infants (LPTs) are at a higher risk of morbidities and hospital stays due to their physiological immaturity. The research investigated the role of indications of delivery in determining common neonatal morbidities, with results showing that LPTs experience different outcomes despite experiencing s...
A new study presents the world's first series of robot-assisted tracheobronchoplasty, a minimally invasive procedure that expands treatment options for patients with tracheobronchomalacia. The results show significant improvement in pulmonary function tests and patient satisfaction, with low morbidity and mortality rates.
A recent study by George Mason University researchers found that women who have given birth have shorter telomeres compared to childless women. The study suggests a link between having children and increased telomere shortening, which may be associated with higher morbidity and mortality rates.
The American Thoracic Society and Marron Institute report estimates that meeting the ATS's standards for ozone and fine particulate matter would save approximately 6,270 lives annually and avoid 15,300 instances of serious illness. Implementing these standards could reduce missed school and work days by 12.7 million.
A study of NYC hospitals found that black and Hispanic preterm infants are more likely to be born at hospitals with higher morbidity-mortality rates, contributing to racial disparities in neonatal deaths and severe complications. These differences explained 39.9% of the black-white disparity and 29.5% of the Hispanic-white disparity in...
A new study by Oxford University Press USA found that patients undergoing neurosurgical procedures between 9 pm and 7 am are at a higher risk of developing complications. The odds of complication more than doubled when accounting for the length of the surgery, highlighting the importance of performing surgeries during daylight hours.
A new study published in Acta Paediatrica indicates that survival rates for babies born weighing 500g are alarmingly low. Short-term morbidity is prevalent among surviving infants, with retinopathy of prematurity and chronic lung disease being common issues.
The MIRO trial found that hybrid minimally invasive esophagectomy (HMIO) significantly reduces postoperative morbidity compared to open oesophagectomy. Long-term results show improved three-year overall survival in the HMIO group, indicating an oncologically sound procedure.
A new study analyzed 23,880 older adult emergency department visits to identify falls based on diagnosis codes and chief complaint. The findings demonstrate the value of extracting text-based elements from medical records for research, particularly in improving fall screening.
A large-scale study found that older mothers are at a higher risk of severe morbidity and mortality during childbirth. Maternal age was associated with increased rates of obstetric shock, amniotic fluid embolism, renal failure, and intensive care unit admissions.
The American Association for Thoracic Surgery has released a new consensus statement on surgical ablation for atrial fibrillation, emphasizing its safety and effectiveness in reducing early death and late stroke risk. The guidelines also recommend hybrid procedures, optimal ablation tools, and standardized training.
A new study by Johns Hopkins researchers found that city living can worsen asthma in poor children, with urbanization and black race being strong independent risk factors for increased asthma morbidity. The study analyzed data from over 16 million children enrolled in Medicaid between 2009-2010.
A California study found that using maternal safety toolkits and collaborating across multiple healthcare organizations can effectively reduce obstetric hemorrhage, the leading cause of maternal death worldwide. The study showed a 21% reduction in severe hemorrhage after one year and a 28% reduction in smaller hospitals.
Researchers with the California Maternal Quality Care Collaborative present a study showing that a state-wide perinatal collaborative can significantly reduce severe maternal morbidity from hemorrhage. The project involved 99 hospitals and resulted in a 21% reduction in severe hemorrhage after one year, with smaller hospitals showing t...
A systematic review from UAB found that elective repeat cesarean deliveries are associated with excess morbidity and cost. The study suggests that women with certain characteristics, such as obesity or a short inter-pregnancy interval, should be carefully screened for trial of labor after cesarean delivery eligibility.
Reducing ozone and fine particulate matter to protective levels could save 9,320 lives annually, reduce serious illnesses by 21,400, and decrease impacted days by 19.3 million. The study highlights the benefits of stricter standards in metropolitan areas with high air pollution concentrations.
The USPSTF found insufficient evidence to recommend visual skin examination by clinicians for skin cancer screening in asymptomatic adults. The balance of benefits and harms cannot be determined due to limited direct evidence on effectiveness and potential harms, including unnecessary biopsies and overdiagnosis.
A new Penn study proposes a broader definition of severe maternal morbidity to better identify high-risk patients, leading to improved care and lives saved. The expanded definition includes conditions such as postpartum readmission and significant blood loss, which accounted for most of the difference between restricted and expanded de...
A study found that excessive airway collapse in smokers is linked to poorer respiratory health and increased exacerbations. Smokers with this condition experienced worsened scores on measures of shortness of breath and quality of life, highlighting the importance of further research into long-term effects.
Researchers found that antenatal betamethasone reduced respiratory complications, prolonged ICU stays, and bronchopulmonary dysplasia in late-preterm babies. The study enrolled 2,831 women at high risk for preterm delivery and showed a significant decrease in neonatal respiratory morbidities.
The study examined adult neurosurgical cases and found no significant differences in postoperative complications or deaths between July and non-July months. However, junior residents showed a modest increase in surgical complications during the transition period.
Survival rates for extremely preterm infants have increased significantly over the past 20 years, with improvements in maternal/neonatal care leading to reduced complications and mortality. The study found that survival without major complications increased approximately 2 percent per year for infants at 25 to 28 weeks' gestation.
A large outcomes study found that community-acquired pneumonia increases long-term morbidity and mortality rates compared to the general population. CAP patients have high rates of all-cause hospitalization, emergency department visits, and pneumonia-related hospital visits.
A recent study published in JAMA Surgery found that pregnant women who undergo general surgical procedures do not have a higher risk of postoperative complications. The research analyzed data from over 2,700 pregnant women and 516,000 non-pregnant women, revealing no significant differences in mortality rates, overall morbidity, or pos...
Researchers found that delaying treatment until after a patient's FIB4 level exceeds 3.25 has a clear detrimental effect on treatment effectiveness, increasing morbidity and mortality risks. Early treatment initiation is crucial to prevent adverse outcomes.
Women's human rights addressing maternal mortality and morbidity is crucial globally. Healthcare professionals play a vital role in tackling gender inequalities and domestic violence by embedding human rights principles into care delivery.
The study found that an estimated 388,501 childhood cancer survivors exist in the US, with 70% having a mild or moderate chronic condition and 32% having severe or disabling chronic conditions. Neurocognitive dysfunction affects about 35% of young adult survivors.
A new study suggests that exercise training can reduce the risk of premature death in elderly individuals. The Norwegian University of Science and Technology study found that high-intensity training and moderate intensity training both showed promising results in improving fitness levels and reducing mortality rates.
A new Northwestern University study found that implementing duty hour restrictions in 2011 did not improve surgery patients' outcomes, but may have hurt patient safety and resident education. The study suggests that these restrictions disrupted the continuity of caring for surgical patients.
Despite effective oral anticoagulant use, atrial fibrillation patients experience high one-year mortality and morbidity. Statins were found to reduce mortality by one-third, while diuretics increased it by 70%. Hospital readmissions are common, often due to AF or heart failure.
Research reveals that obesity in pregnancy is a significant risk factor for long-term cardiovascular morbidity. Women with pre-pregnancy body mass index of 30 kg/m2 or more had higher rates of simple cardiovascular events and non-invasive cardiac procedures ten years later.
A three-and-a-half year trial found a significant reduction in cesarean deliveries and neonatal morbidity in hospitals implementing best practices and professional training. The study's results confirm that continuing education and internal audits can improve maternal and fetal health outcomes.
A Mayo Clinic review article highlights the risks associated with elective early-term deliveries, including morbidity in newborns and maternal health concerns. The study calls for increased patient awareness and public education to promote safe term pregnancies.
Severely obese teenagers who underwent weight-loss surgery experienced minimal complications, with no major complications or deaths reported during the initial hospitalization period. The study included 242 teens and found that only 8% experienced reoperation and 15% had minor complications like readmission for dehydration.
Researchers analyzed data from 33,488 live births to find that early-term births (37-38 weeks gestation) are associated with higher risks of birth complications, including hypoglycemia, respiratory support, and NICU admissions. Cesarean deliveries among early-term births also pose a significant risk for NICU admissions and morbidity.
Off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB) has failed to show significant improvements in short-term morbidity and mortality compared to traditional on-pump CABG surgery, according to a recent study published in Circulation. The technique may be abandoned unless surgeons can demonstrate comparable outcomes.
A study of over 146,000 Dutch women found planned home births were associated with lower rates of severe maternal complications among parous women. However, first-time mothers showed no significant difference in risk.
A study published in JAMA Internal Medicine found that intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and conformal radiotherapy (CRT) had similar morbidity and cancer control outcomes after prostatectomy. The use of IMRT did not result in significant differences in long-term gastrointestinal or urinary symptoms.
A study of 422,000 people found that the safe range of vitamin D levels lies between 20 to 36 ng/mL. Vitamin D deficiency was linked to increased risk of acute coronary morbidity or mortality, while elevated levels above 36 ng/mL were associated with a slightly higher risk.
Patients undergoing nonvascular surgery with beta-blockers on the day of or after surgery had significantly lower rates of 30-day mortality and cardiac morbidity, according to a study published in JAMA. Beta-blocker exposure was associated with lower mortality risk, especially in patients with multiple cardiovascular risk factors.
Researchers found that implementing a standardized comprehensive maternal hemorrhage protocol significantly reduced blood product utilization, resulting in a 45% reduction in puerperal hysterectomy. The study also showed a significant decrease in morbidity, with reductions in red blood cells, platelets, and cryoprecipitate usage.
The latest issue of Reproductive Health Matters exposes the significant impact of neglected sexual and reproductive morbidities on women, men, and families globally. It addresses various health issues, including fistula complications, maternal health, and cervical cancer, while also highlighting prevailing myths and misconceptions.
A large meta-analysis found that electrical storms are a strong risk factor for death, with nearly 4 times higher mortality rates compared to those without. Effective treatment involves catheter ablation, which can terminate ES in nearly 83% of cases, preventing relapses.
A new study published in the American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology found that vaginal delivery is comparable to cesarean delivery for early preterm births presenting head first. However, breech presentations resulted in high failure rates and significantly lower neonatal mortality with planned cesarean delivery.
A new study finds that adhering to the current ozone standard of 75ppb would avoid 1,410-2,480 premature deaths. Lower standards could save even more lives and alleviate acute respiratory symptoms.
A new study published in The Lancet reveals that having several medical conditions is not exclusive to old age, but rather affects people under 65. The UK health system must be radically changed to cope with this scenario, as current approaches can be duplicative and inefficient.
A study by University of Kentucky researchers found that colorectal cancer screening rates were higher in the Appalachian population with multiple morbidities compared to those with no morbidities. The study revealed a dose-response relationship between the number of morbidities and the prevalence of colon cancer screening.
Researchers project that the cost of family health insurance premiums will surpass household income by 2033, with a current estimate suggesting this could happen as early as 2021. The study highlights the challenges and opportunities facing the US healthcare environment following the passage of the Patient Protection and Affordable Car...
A new study published in The Lancet found that children with burn injuries covering 60% or more of their total body surface area (TBSA) are at substantially higher risk of severe complications and death. The authors recommend immediate transfer to specialist burns units for treatment with increased vigilance and improved therapies.
Among patients with infective endocarditis and heart failure, valvular surgery is associated with lower hospital and one-year mortality rates. The study found that nearly one-third of patients with high surgical propensity did not receive surgery, highlighting the need for improved recognition and treatment.
Patients with anaemia undergoing non-cardiac surgery face a 42% increased risk of death and 35% higher risk of serious comorbidities compared to those without anaemia. Mild to severe anaemia also increases postoperative morbidity risks. Preoperative treatment of anaemia is recommended.
Researchers identified patients at increased risk after bilateral knee replacement surgery due to congestive heart failure, pulmonary hypertension, age over 75, and male gender. The study suggests that these patients should not be considered high-risk candidates for this elective procedure.
An alarming new article in Respirology issues a serious warning of massive rises in deaths from asbestos-related lung diseases in Asia. The region accounts for 64% of global asbestos use, with Cyprus, Israel, and Japan having the highest age-adjusted mortality rates.
Researchers studied pandemic influenza H1N1 morbidity and mortality in 32 Mexican states, finding age distribution and risk of severe disease varied by age group. The study supports the effectiveness of early mitigation efforts like mandatory school closures.
A randomized trial suggests that preoperative colonic stenting offers no clear benefit over emergency surgery for patients with colorectal cancer and acute malignant left-sided colonic obstruction. The study found a high rate of tumor perforations, which may worsen clinical outcomes.
Researchers found that babies born between 36 and 38 weeks with confirmed fetal pulmonary maturity still face increased risks of neonatal morbidity. Despite recommendations for testing, delivering preterm can lead to respiratory problems and other complications.
Researchers found that preterm birth clinic attendance resulted in more full-term births and lower infant morbidity rates. The study showed a 28% reduction in recurrent spontaneous preterm birth risk and reductions in infant complications and short-term disabilities.
A comprehensive study published by the Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine found no association between folate intake and reduced risk of spontaneous preterm delivery. Folate supplementation duration and dose also showed no protective effect against preterm birth.