Articles tagged with Cognitive Function
New research reveals exercise reverts aged microglia gene expression patterns to those of young microglia, supporting the formation of new neurons in the hippocampus. Exercise also reduces T cell accumulation in the brain, a common feature of aging.
A new study published in Journal of the American Geriatrics Society found that greater community mobility is significantly associated with better cognitive function in individuals aged 52 and older. The association was strongest among those at low risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
Scientists have recruited over 20,000 volunteers to a resource aimed at accelerating dementia drug development. The cohort will enable healthy individuals with increased genetic risk to participate in clinical trials, allowing researchers to test new treatments before symptoms appear.
Three FAU researchers have received $1M in FDOH grants to develop innovative approaches against Alzheimer's disease. Mare Cudic aims to explore the link between glycosylation and neuroinflammation, while Ruth Tappen develops an online screening tool for older drivers with cognitive decline.
A groundbreaking study found that areas of age-related damage in the brain relate to motor outcomes after a stroke, suggesting other factors are at play. White matter hyperintensities were associated with more severe motor impairment, independent of corticospinal tract damage.
A new study found that brief anger episodes can negatively impact blood vessel function, leading to increased risk of heart disease and stroke. The researchers investigated the effects of anger, sadness, and anxiety on blood vessel function and found that evoking an angered state led to blood vessel dysfunction.
A large-scale study revealed a profound link between dietary patterns and brain health, with a balanced diet associated with better mental health, superior cognitive functions and higher grey matter in the brain. The researchers suggest that gradual dietary modifications can lead to healthier food choices and improved wellbeing.
A new study found that better heart health in middle-aged Black women is linked to reduced cognitive decline and preserved brain function. However, this benefit was not observed among white women. The study suggests that taking care of one's heart may have a positive impact on brain function and overall well-being.
Research found that higher light levels increase activity in the posterior hypothalamus, leading to improved cognitive performance during executive tasks. In contrast, lower light levels decreased activity in this region, negatively correlating with cognitive performance.
Researchers found that highly skilled soccer players exhibit faster reaction times and lower variability when faced with decision-making tasks. The study suggests that strong inhibitory processes play a crucial role in facilitating quick decisions on the field.
Researchers at the University of Cologne found that training can optimize word recognition, leading to improved reading efficiency. The 'Lexical Categorization Model' uses behavioral findings to predict brain activation and separates known words from unknown letter combinations.
Researchers investigate the neuroprotective effects of tocotrienols in alleviating obesity-induced cognitive decline. The study found that T3s treatment improved cognitive function and mitigated oxidative stress in mice fed with a high-fat, high-sucrose diet.
A study published in Cell Reports found that environmental factors play a significant role in shaping metacognitive abilities, including mentalizing. The researchers used twin studies to investigate the interplay between genetics and environment on cognitive processing.
Researchers found that ketogenic diets reduced plasma levels of total Tau in females, mitigated elevations in plasma lipids, and improved circulating lipids. However, neither continuous nor intermittent ketogenic diets improved measures of cognitive or motor behavior in the TgF344-AD rat model.
Concordia researchers use network analysis to study cognitive decline, identifying key variables that predict subtle changes in brain function. Executive function and processing speed are found to be strongly influential, with age affecting cognition differently for those with mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers identified a gene mutation associated with impaired natural killer cell function, leading to increased susceptibility to viral infections in people with a rare genetic condition. Oleic acid supplementation shows promise as a potential therapy for these patients.
A new study by VA researchers found biomarkers of intestinal permeability and signs of bacteria in the blood of military breachers exposed to controlled blasts during training. The findings suggest a direct connection between blast exposure and intestinal problems, including cognitive symptoms.
The study found that the cerebellum uses information about errors to refine movement and contributes to cognitive functions. The posterior lateral region of the cerebellum is interconnected with the prefrontal cortex and helps shape cognition.
Researchers discover a significant association between chronic knee pain and accelerated brain aging, highlighting the need for early detection and intervention strategies. Brain regions critical for cognitive function show increased signs of aging in individuals with chronic musculoskeletal pain.
A new study reveals that glucose fluctuations affect cognitive function in people with Type 1 Diabetes, but individuals differ in their susceptibility. The researchers found that minimizing glucose fluctuations is crucial for optimizing processing speed, especially for older adults and those with certain health conditions.
Researchers at Ohio State University found that eating fatty food before surgery triggers an inflammatory response in the brain, leading to impaired memory function. The study also showed that taking a DHA omega-3 fatty acid supplement can prevent these effects.
Researchers at the University of Bergen have identified a new gene linked to primary familial brain calcification (PFBC), a rare neurodegenerative condition. The discovery provides new insight into how brain calcifications occur and may help explain the development of dementia.
A study published in Open Medicine found that Ginkgo Diterpene Lactone Meglumine (GDLM) improves cognitive function in patients who recently experienced an acute ischemic stroke. The treatment showed anti-inflammatory and anticoagulant effects, reducing inflammation and coagulation markers.
A new study found that the brains of polyglots process their native language with minimal effort, while more proficient languages activate the language network stronger. The researchers explored how polyglots' brains respond to different languages and proficiency levels.
A new study published in JAMA Dermatology reveals that children with atopic dermatitis are more likely to experience difficulties in learning and memory. The research suggests that neurodevelopmental comorbidities such as ADHD or learning disabilities may play a key role in this association.
Neuroscientists used wireless recording technology to investigate decision-making in rhesus monkeys foraging for food. The results show that monkeys learned to weigh time and past success when choosing between boxes, with longer wait times leading to more rewards.
A new study from Drexel University's Creativity Research Lab reveals that the creative flow state involves two key factors: extensive experience and release of control. High-experience musicians experienced flow more often and intensely than low-experience musicians, suggesting expertise enables flow.
A new study from the University of East Anglia found that older adults with worse spatial orientation ability experience greater difficulty when making turns across oncoming traffic, which is a significant risk factor for fatal road traffic accidents. Spatial orientation skills are essential for mentally determining position and vehicl...
Researchers found that the SYNGAP1 gene has a dual function in regulating synapses and synaptic plasticity, which may lead to new treatments for children with SYNGAP1 mutations. The study suggests that targeting just one aspect of SynGAP's function is not enough to have a significant impact.
A new study suggests that walking through historically Black neighborhoods while reminiscing can improve cognitive function and mood in older Black adults. The program, known as SHARP, combines exercise, social connection, and active reminiscence to make a cumulative impact on health.
High levels of air pollution have a significant negative impact on teams' ability to solve complex problems, such as developing clean energy technologies and vaccines. The study used escape-room games data to estimate that high-pollution days can lead to up to 5% longer completion times for teams.
Researchers found that lower activity of the Snhg11 gene in brains with Down syndrome contributes to memory deficits. The study suggests a key role for non-coding RNAs in regulating gene activity and influencing complex traits.
A new brain stimulation technique called Patterned Low-Intensity Low-Frequency Ultrasound (LILFUS) has been developed by researchers at the Institute for Basic Science. This non-invasive method uses ultrasound to induce long-lasting changes in brain function and has shown promise in treating various neurological disorders.
A recent study found that recreational marijuana laws are associated with a 10% rise in workplace injuries among individuals aged 20-34, likely due to impaired cognitive function and care. The study suggests that these laws may have unintended consequences for worker safety.
A new Danish study finds that a protein-rich breakfast increases satiety and improves concentration, but eating the same meal in larger quantities may lead to consuming more calories. The study's results suggest that replacing a carbohydrate-rich diet with a protein-rich diet can have a positive impact on preventing weight gain.
Researchers found GV1001 decreases BACE and Aβ1-42 levels, reducing neurodegeneration and senescence in 3xTg-AD mice. It also increases survival, telomere length, and telomerase activity, contributing to improved lifespan.
A recent twin study published in Human Brain Mapping has found that genetics play a significant role in brain activity during emotional and cognitive tasks, with some factors being exclusive to environment. The study used functional MRI scans on twins to analyze the relationship between genetics and environment in brain function.
A study of 11,000 children found that maternal tobacco use during pregnancy is associated with enduring deficits in childhood neurocognition. Continued research on the link between maternal tobacco use and cognitive performance is needed.
Research reveals oxytocin neurons in mouse brain modulate object recognition memory, with activation boosting long-term memory and implicating Alzheimer's disease. Oxytocin's role in social memory also highlighted, suggesting a potential link to loneliness or limited social engagement.
Researchers connected cognitive and behavioral symptoms to protein buildup in the brain marking the disease. The study showed a clear relationship between CTE pathology and severity of cognitive and functional symptoms during life.
A study by WVU researcher Nancy McIntyre reveals that individuals with ADHD tend to use routines and patterns to store stimuli from their environment, allowing them to make connections and file away resources for future use. This helps entrepreneurs with ADHD excel in qualities such as alertness, adaptability, and entrepreneurial intent.
Researchers found that alternative brain regions can take on impaired areas' roles to compensate for age-related cognitive decline. The cuneus and bilateral frontal cortex showed increased activation with age, supporting functional compensation and maintaining proper cognitive performance.
Researchers found that older adults' brains recruit the cuneus region and frontal cortex to improve performance on fluid intelligence tasks, compensating for age-related cognitive decline. This new finding suggests alternative compensation mechanisms beyond previously assumed networks.
Researchers discovered a new role for Mfsd7c in exporting excessive choline from the brain. The study suggests that targeting this protein could lead to therapeutic interventions for Alzheimer's disease and other neurological disorders.
A study published at the American Stroke Association's International Stroke Conference 2024 found that treating people with ischemic stroke with intravenous injections of a combination of biologically active components of ginkgo biloba during the first two weeks after the stroke improved early cognitive recovery. The treatment, called ...
A preliminary study presented at the American Stroke Association's International Stroke Conference 2024 found that lifetime exposure to sexual assault and other traumatic stressors can negatively impact subsequent stroke recovery. Researchers analyzed data from the STRONG study and discovered that stroke survivors exposed to sexual ass...
A study from VCU School of Medicine and Richmond VA Medical Center found that up to 10.3% of veterans with dementia have high FIB-4 scores, indicating a likelihood of cirrhosis. Early detection and targeted interventions can reverse cognitive decline in these patients.
A new study found that 50% of youth aged 11-24 with mental health issues exhibit Psychosis Spectrum Symptoms, highlighting the need for early intervention. The study aims to identify predictors of psychosis spectrum disorder and improve mental health outcomes for this population.
Researchers have identified a network of lymphatic vessels at the back of the nose as a major hub for CSF outflow to deep cervical lymph nodes. This discovery has significant implications for understanding and treating conditions related to impaired CSF drainage, such as Alzheimer's disease.
A KAIST research team led by Professor Hawoong Jung identified the principle behind musical instincts emerging from the human brain without special learning using an artificial neural network model. The study found that cognitive functions for music forms spontaneously as a result of processing auditory information received from nature.
A meta-analysis of 5,000 participants found that daily multivitamins showed benefits for memory and global cognition. The study suggests that taking a daily multivitamin can help prevent memory loss and slow down cognitive aging by the equivalent of two years compared to placebo.
Researchers at UC Davis found that men with FMR1 premutation who experienced reduced executive function were at higher likelihood of developing fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome. Executive function challenges, particularly working memory and organization issues, were strongly associated with the development of FXTAS.
Researchers found that the deletion of the Gtf2i gene impairs mitochondrial organelle formation and function, leading to abnormal cell behavior and neurodevelopmental pathologies. This discovery sheds light on the mechanism behind Williams syndrome, a rare genetic disorder characterized by cognitive and social impairments.
A team of scientists used functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to measure brain activity in two key visual regions, the lateral occipital complex (LOC) and fusiform face area (FFA). The study found that fNIRS successfully measured LOC activity but had limitations in detecting FFA activity due to its depth. This research has th...
A major new study has found a significant link between hearing loss and the development of dementia. People with severe hearing loss are at a higher risk, with a 20% increased likelihood of developing dementia compared to those with normal hearing.
Researchers established a molecular link between specific B12-producing gut bacteria and acetylcholine production in C. elegans, a neurotransmitter important to memory and cognitive function. A diet rich in these bacteria reduced seizure-like behavior in mutant worms by restoring excitatory/inhibitory balance.
Despite improved living conditions, sex differences in personality, verbal skills, and negative emotions are larger in countries with higher standards of living. Women tend to benefit more from these improvements, exhibiting greater altruism and cooperative ability, while men show better cognitive skills but at a smaller advantage.
Researchers investigated the neural mechanisms of verbal working memory processing in healthy aging adults using magnetoencephalography. Age-related increases in theta activity were detected during encoding, and alpha and beta oscillations were stronger in older participants during maintenance and retrieval phases.
Researchers found that differences in the gut microbiome are associated with overall cognitive function and brain structure in healthy children. The study also predicts future cognitive performance based on early-life microbial profiles.
Recent studies suggest that gamma brain wave stimulation can yield beneficial effects on brain function, disease pathology, and cognitive function in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Various cells beyond neurons are involved in mediating these effects.