Articles tagged with Memory Disorders
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A larger hippocampus may not guarantee better memory in older adults, with a new study highlighting the significance of its white matter connectivity. The research analyzed over 330 participants and found that faster learning was only seen in those with both a larger hippocampus and uniform white matter structure.
Researchers at HRL Laboratories found that targeted transcranial electrical stimulation during slow-wave sleep can improve metamemories of specific episodes by nearly 20% after just one viewing. This non-invasive approach may benefit patients with learning and memory deficits, as well as those with PTSD.
A physically and mentally active lifestyle can slow FTD symptoms by providing cognitive resilience to brain degeneration. Research participants with dominant genetic mutations showed slower functional decline in the most active group compared to the least active group.
A new study by Cedars-Sinai researchers found that abnormal electrical pulses from specific brain cells cause temporary memory disruptions in epilepsy patients. The study's findings could lead to better treatments for cognitive impairment in epilepsy patients, with the potential to improve their quality of life.
Experiments in rodents reveal engrams exist as multiscale networks of neurons, forming complex networks for memory storage. Engram cells can be manipulated through synaptic plasticity and dendritic spine formation, allowing for the retrieval and persistence of memories.
Researchers found people with subtle thinking and memory differences had faster amyloid accumulation and thinner brain regions compared to those with normal skills. The study challenges the long-held theory that beta-amyloid is the first sign of Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers discovered a way to encode specific physical properties in materials by utilizing their 'memory' of past stresses. This approach allows for the creation of auxetic materials with enhanced mechanical properties, such as improved energy absorption and fracture resistance.
A team at RIKEN Center for Brain Science analyzed mouse brain activity using machine-learning algorithms, identifying distinct brain waves for recent and remote memories. They found a strong link between the frontal brain region and hippocampus, suggesting a possible mechanism to track memory age.
Dr. Frost's team identified targets that can mitigate the spread of toxic proteins in the brain, aiming to intervene at the earliest stages of the disease. By preventing tau protein activation, her research holds promise for preventing memory loss and cognitive decline in Alzheimer's patients.
A study of over 1000 people aged 70 found that those who played non-digital games scored better on memory and thinking tests. Increasing game playing during their 70s also predicted maintaining certain thinking skills as they grew older.
A nationwide study published in Brain found that higher exposure to fine particle pollution, or PM 2.5, was associated with greater declines in memory performance and more Alzheimer's-like brain changes in older women. The researchers used data from 998 women aged 73-87 and adjusted for other factors.
A new study by Gladstone Institutes reveals that specific patterns of brain activity can predict Alzheimer's symptoms in young mice. By analyzing sharp-wave ripples and short gamma power, researchers found that deficits in these activities at an early age can predict memory problems decades later.
A new study published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology found no association between statin use and memory or cognitive decline in elderly patients. Statin users showed similar cognitive performance to never-users, suggesting potential protective effects in this population.
Researchers found that inhibiting the integrated stress response (ISR) reversed memory deficits in a mouse model of Down syndrome. The study suggests that modulating ISR networks may help treat Down syndrome and other disorders resulting from disruption of this network.
A study published in Thorax confirms that ICU patients experience delayed return-to-work and joblessness, with 20-27% requiring disability benefits at one year. Survivors incur substantial lost earnings, impacting quality of life.
A new gene, NPSR1, has been discovered that promotes natural short sleep and prevents memory deficits associated with sleep deprivation. The researchers found that the mutant version of NPSR1 is easier to activate and better at switching on other proteins involved in wakefulness.
Researchers developed new diagnostic criteria that consider a woman's sex when evaluating verbal memory performance, leading to improved diagnosis accuracy and potentially detecting cognitive impairment earlier. This could result in better study designs for clinical trials and more accurate studies on disease progression.
A new UCL study has found that a period of rest following a traumatic event can reduce the development of involuntary 'memory intrusions' in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The study suggests that increasing memory consolidation, which involves storing and contextualizing memories, may help prevent these disturbances.
Using sex-specific scores on memory tests may change who gets diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) by 20 percent, with possibly more women and fewer men being diagnosed. The study found that using the sex-specific scores resulted in a higher diagnosis rate for women, while lower rates for men.
Researchers restored normal working memory to a mouse model of schizophrenia, eliminating a core symptom that has proven virtually impossible to treat. The findings, published in Neuron, hold immense promise for treating over 21 million people diagnosed with schizophrenia.
A new study by MIT neuroscientists pinpointed the earliest emergence of amyloid protein plaques in the human brain, finding they correlate strongly with disease progression. The research uses a mouse model to track plaque development and shows that these regions eventually spread throughout the brain.
A study by the University of Waterloo found that anticipating performance at work or school can hinder memory recall. The presence of an audience may also contribute to this effect. Researchers suggest strategies like presenting first to avoid pre-performance anxiety.
A study published in Nature Communications elucidated transcription factors and enzymes controlling brain processes through DNA methylation, shedding light on long-term memory storage. This research has significant implications for understanding Alzheimer's disease and potentially enhancing learning.
Calcium channel blockers reduced calcium ion flow into brain cells, restoring normal function and improving memory in diseased flies. The study suggests targeting L-type channels could be effective in treating Alzheimer's memory loss.
A stepwise approach to assessing dementia risk in primary care uses a single question on subjective memory loss, followed by cognitive function tests. This method predicts incident dementia over seven years with high accuracy.
Researchers found that Zika virus replicates in adult human brain tissue and impairs synapse function and memory in infected mice. The study showed that the virus causes a strong inflammatory response, leading to microglia activation and synapse damage, resulting in memory loss.
Researchers found that resistance to ghrelin hormone is linked to cognitive impairments and memory loss in Alzheimer's disease. Activating both ghrelin and dopamine receptors simultaneously may help restore brain function and reduce lesions.
Researchers found that viewing memories in the third person reduces vividness and emotion, while recalling experiences in the first person strengthens memory. Virtual reality technology is being used to explore how perspective influences memory formation.
Rutgers University studies reveal higher rates of cognitive impairment among older Chinese American women, linked to depression, chronic conditions, and lower education levels. The research emphasizes the need for policy interventions to address linguistic, cultural, and socioeconomic barriers.
Researchers at Caltech have discovered that strong memories are formed when multiple neurons fire in sync, providing redundancy for long-term retention. This finding has implications for understanding memory loss due to brain damage or aging.
Scientists have developed a theory on how the brain stores and recalls the order of events, shedding light on memory dysfunctions. This new understanding has significant implications for treating mental health conditions like depression and schizophrenia.
A recent study in mouse neurons reveals how the protein CPEB3 primes neurons to store long-term memories. P bodies, specialized isolation chambers within neurons, contain dormant CPEB3 and transfer it to synapses, where it strengthens connections and stabilizes memories.
Research found that mice exposed to low-dose radiation for six months experienced impaired cellular signaling, leading to learning and memory problems and increased anxiety behaviors. The study highlights the need for safety measures to protect astronauts' brains during deep space missions.
A study in mice identified parvalbumin interneurons as key brain cells involved in social memory retrieval. Deficits in these cells may contribute to social memory deficits in schizophrenia and Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center found that stimulating the cingulate cortex worsened memory recall in epilepsy patients. However, deep brain stimulation also modified hippocampal brain waves and demonstrated a direct role for the cingulate cortex in memory encoding.
A $1,825,742 NIH grant will fund a randomized controlled trial of strategy-based cognitive training in individuals with multiple sclerosis. The study aims to develop a treatment that improves everyday functioning and neuropsychological performance in those affected by the condition.
A 15-year study of 4582 Chinese adults found evidence of faster cognitive decline in those who consistently ate more than 50 grams of chili a day. Memory decline was even more significant if the chili lovers were slim.
A Japanese study finds that hearing loss in older people is associated with restricted outdoor activities, anxiety, and memory loss. The condition also leads to communication barriers, stress, and cognitive decline.
A new study found that mentally stimulating activities like using a computer, playing games, crafting, and participating in social activities are linked to a lower risk of delay or prevention of age-related memory loss called mild cognitive impairment. Engaging in more activities during later life was associated with an even lower risk.
A large internet-based study found adults with a close relative with Alzheimer's disease exhibit impaired learning and memory, exacerbated by diabetes or genetic variations. Higher education levels and women appear to protect against cognitive decline.
A team of researchers has identified a tissue-specific non-coding RNA called NEAT1 that regulates memory formation in the hippocampus region of the brain. Increasing NEAT1 levels in younger mice impaired learning and memory, while decreasing NEAT1 levels improved cognitive function.
A study of 561 healthy adults found an average of five unidentified health problems per person, including undiagnosed high blood pressure and hearing loss. Regular health checks can help identify these issues and improve health outcomes through individualized screening and self-management recommendations.
A small pilot study found that sound stimulation played during specific times of deep sleep enhanced slow-wave sleep in people with mild cognitive impairment. Participants who showed the greatest improvement in deep sleep also recalled more words on a memory test the next morning.
A study by University of Edinburgh scientists reveals that a protein called clusterin builds up in vital parts of neurons, disrupting brain cell connections and contributing to dementia symptoms. The findings shed light on the causes of Alzheimer's disease and will help accelerate the search for a treatment.
A study of 50 Atlanta-area adults found that poor sleep time and quality negatively impact memory recall in older adults. The research also revealed significant racial differences in sleep patterns tied to lower memory performance.
Researchers identified a key molecule, mir-135b-5p, found elevated in the brain's emotional memory processor that drives PTSD symptoms. Suppressing this molecule enables faster recovery from trauma, and it may also serve as a novel biomarker for treatment.
A new study has found that artificial manipulation of brain signals can improve working memory in rats, with extended ripples capturing more information when learning a new place. The findings offer insights into the mammalian brain's mechanisms and may guide future treatments for memory disorders.
Neuroscientists have discovered that controlling brain waves through rhythmic neural stimulation can improve memory performance. The study, published in Trends in Neurosciences, suggests that this technique may be a promising tool for improving memory and potentially treating conditions like Alzheimer's disease.
A study by Boston University neuroscientist Steve Ramirez shows that stimulating different parts of the brain can dial up or down a specific memory's emotional oomph. The hippocampus, a small structure in the brain, stores sensory and emotional information associated with memories.
A new review of OCD research by Adam Radomsky and colleagues found that cognitive science has drifted away from treating patients effectively. Instead, the study suggests focusing on individual beliefs about cognitive functioning, which can be worked with in therapy.
Many Americans in their 50s and early 60s worry about declining brain health, taking supplements or doing puzzles to stave off brain decline. However, few have talked with their doctors about evidence-based ways to prevent memory loss, potentially missing out on proven strategies.
Limbic-predominant Age-related TDP-43 Encephalopathy (LATE) is a newly-defined brain disorder resembling Alzheimer's disease but caused by misfolded TDP-43 protein. It affects 25% of individuals over 85 years old, causing gradual cognitive decline and impacting daily life.
Studies in rats reveal that highly demanding and rewarding experiences result in stronger memories due to replay processes in the hippocampus. This finding provides new insights into memory consolidation, which could lead to treatments that strengthen memories and better understand memory decline in diseases like dementia.
A new University of Maryland study reveals that acute exercise increases activation in the hippocampus and other key brain regions associated with memory. This finding suggests that single sessions of exercise can promote adaptations and improve network integrity, potentially reducing the risk of Alzheimer's disease.
A study found prolonged exposure therapy to be more effective in reducing PTSD symptoms and heavy drinking in veterans with both conditions. The treatment also led to higher rates of PTSD remission compared to a coping skills therapy approach.
A new Northwestern University study found that electromagnetic pulses can improve memory in older adults with age-related memory loss, reversing it to the level of young adults. The technique targets the brain's memory center and rebuilds part of memory that helps recall everyday tasks.
A pilot study found that transcranial magnetic stimulation temporarily increases activity in the brain's hippocampal-cortical network, leading to improved memory recall. The treatment showed temporary improvements in memory function compared to a placebo, with participants recalling memories 31% better after stimulation.
A study published in Annals of Internal Medicine found that low scam awareness in older adults may be an early sign of impending mild cognitive impairment and dementia. The researchers observed a significant association between low scam awareness and Alzheimer disease pathology in the brain.
Scientists have discovered the native structure of AMPA receptors in rodent models, which may lead to new insights into neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's. The research could provide novel approaches for therapies by understanding how these receptors differ in people with devastating diseases.
Researchers at the Center for BrainHealth found that combined cognitive training with Strategic Memory Advanced Reasoning Training (SMART) and Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) improved executive functions, episodic memory, and subjective memory satisfaction in adults with mild cognitive impairment. However, tDCS failed to...