Articles tagged with Gender Studies
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers analyzed survey data from nearly 5,000 first-year college students and found that those with higher levels of extraversion or agreeableness tend to feel a greater sense of belonging. In contrast, students with greater neuroticism experience lower feelings of belonging.
A new study by David Atance and colleagues found that global mortality patterns are converging, with increased life expectancies and narrowing gender disparities. The researchers analyzed data from 194 countries and predicted continued convergence towards a unique pattern of mortality and longevity by 2030.
A West Virginia University study found that teens' personality traits and social media platform use are linked to depressive symptoms. Teens with higher levels of extraversion tend to experience fewer depressive symptoms on Instagram, while those with lower extraversion may be at risk for more severe symptoms.
A recent study by Chung-Ang University reveals that lack of success in previous intervention attempts and negative emotions are significant barriers hindering bystander interventions. The research highlights the need for targeted education programs to address these barriers, particularly among university students and those experiencing...
Researchers develop revised scoring system for National Health Service Clinical Impact Awards to address accessibility concerns and improve distinction between levels of excellence. The new system offers a wider range of scores from 0-10, with clear descriptions, and retains pro rating of award values for part-time consultants.
A new study from the University of Ottawa found that minority candidates, particularly women and LGBTQ2S+, are more likely to be positioned by parties to lose elections. The research highlights the need for political parties to adopt more inclusive nomination processes.
A meta-analysis of 22 studies found that soy isoflavones reduced breast cancer recurrence by 26% and improved survival rates in post-menopausal women. Enterolactone, a compound metabolized from lignans, was also associated with a 28% reduction in breast cancer-specific mortality.
A recent study found that cigarette smoking among US adolescents decreased significantly from 1991 to 2021, with decreases in all usage categories. The decline was particularly pronounced among Black and Asian adolescents, while disparities by gender remained but were diminished.
A new study challenges traditional male-focused autism research by revealing striking similarities in synaptic abnormalities and behavioral patterns between male and female mouse models. This finding emphasizes the necessity of considering both sexes to comprehensively grasp the complexities of autism spectrum disorder.
Despite improved living conditions, sex differences in personality, verbal skills, and negative emotions are larger in countries with higher standards of living. Women tend to benefit more from these improvements, exhibiting greater altruism and cooperative ability, while men show better cognitive skills but at a smaller advantage.
New research reveals that exposing men to women's emotional tears can lower aggression and reduce revenge-seeking behavior. The study found that sniffing tears leads to reduced brain activity related to aggression, resulting in less aggressive behavior.
A recent study found that doxycycline prophylaxis did not prevent bacterial sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among cisgender women, despite being prescribed to 18% of participants. The study also revealed high rates of antibiotic-resistant gonorrhea, which may be due to low adherence and limited treatment options.
A US epidemiological study found that increased waist measurements are linked to a higher risk of female infertility. Physical activity has been shown to potentially mitigate this risk, suggesting a potential protective effect.
A diabetes drug called dulaglutide may significantly lower a woman's risk of substantial weight gain after giving up smoking. In contrast to men, women are five times as likely to experience substantial weight gain after stopping smoking, according to the study.
A team of researchers analyzed GPT-4's performance in four clinical decision support scenarios, finding that the model exaggerated known demographic prevalence differences in 89% of diseases. GPT-4 also produced significantly different responses by gender or race/ethnicity for 23% of cases, reflecting known biases in medical literature.
A new study from Rice University's Boniuk Institute found that working Christian women feel unsupported by their clergy and churches, regardless of congregation type. They struggle with lack of spiritual support and feel undervalued in religious spaces.
The US Department of Transportation has awarded the University of Virginia's Center for Applied Biomechanics eight competitive research contracts totaling $4.1 million to further automotive safety research. The center will study demographic variations in injury risk, vehicle impact, and pedestrian fatalities.
A global study of 1,001 children across 12 countries found that adult talk is the key predictor of language development in infants and toddlers. No effects were found related to socioeconomics or multilingualism.
Girls tend to excel in reading skills compared to boys, mainly due to differences in vocabulary development and parental engagement. Boys face greater challenges in reading comprehension, particularly if they lack exposure to books and interactive conversations.
A 7-year analysis of a US national injury database found that female victims of gun violence are less likely to die than male victims, despite having similar injury severity. They also experience better outcomes with fewer complications after hospital admission.
A study by Claudine Mangen found that male professionals prefer to spend more time with their partners and newborn babies but are pressured to delay or forego paternity leave due to workplace obligations. This highlights the need for organizations to rethink strategies around gender inequality and foster equitable workplaces.
A new study from the University of Texas at El Paso found that incarcerated women are disproportionately punished for minor infractions like defiance. Women were 40% more likely to receive defiance infractions and accrue them faster than men.
A recent study published in Circulation: Genomic and Precision Medicine reveals that genetics significantly contribute to the sex differences in hypertension development. The research found that females with high genetic risk scores had a higher risk of hypertension compared to males, while low-risk females had a lower risk than males.
A new study found that adverse childhood experiences are associated with greater muscle dysmorphia symptoms in Canadian adolescents and young adults. Adverse childhood experiences, such as domestic violence and emotional abuse, may lead to body dissatisfaction and the pursuit of muscularity as a coping mechanism.
A study in Denmark found that women experience a significant increase in mental health medication use after involuntary temporary work, but men do not. The research suggests that women may struggle more with the emotional and psychological impacts of temporary employment.
Research reviews 98 articles worldwide, finding suicide rates among men increase during and after economic crises. The study highlights the need for governments to fund health services and social support systems to mitigate mental health impact.
Researchers found that virtual reality can improve spatial abilities in women, closing the gap with men. Training programs from primary school to engineering students showed significant improvements, altering the biological origin of gender differences.
A recent study found that women-led studies have more female coauthors than men-led studies, closing the gender gap in ice core science. The research also shows that senior women play a crucial role in catalyzing women's participation in publishing.
Mount Sinai researchers have found that testosterone treatment is safer than previously reported, with a smaller degree of change in hematocrit levels. The study, involving over 6,670 transmasculine patients, suggests that providers can feel more comfortable prescribing testosterone as part of gender-affirming hormone therapy.
A Nepalese survey found that 1 in 5 men who have sex with men reported attempting suicide, with over 40% experiencing suicidal ideation. The study also highlights the need for increased support and resources for MSM individuals in Nepal.
A large US study found that death rates after major surgery are similar whether a male or female surgeon operates on a male or female patient. Despite small differences, researchers believe their findings can help improve processes and patterns of care for all patients.
Research analyzing over 1.4 million Americans finds significant disparities in automation job displacement risk across race and gender. The study highlights the importance of education in reducing automation risks and addressing existing racial and gender disparities.
Virginia Tech researchers analyzed partisan media sentiment toward AI and found that liberal-leaning media tend to have a more negative tone than conservative media. The study suggests that this opposition can be attributed to concerns over AI amplifying existing social biases, such as racial and income disparities.
A study of over 2.9 million patients found that gender concordance was associated with lower mortality for female patients, but higher mortality for male patients. The quality of surgical care provided by female surgeons is equivalent to or slightly better than that provided by male surgeons.
Research by Clotilde Napp found that gender biases in language are stronger in more economically developed and individualistic countries. The study used natural language processing to analyze text corpora from over 70 countries, revealing a phenomenon known as the gender equality paradox.
A research team led by a University of Arizona faculty member found that violating gender stereotypes in apologies leads to more effective communication. Women delivering masculine-style apologies were seen as displaying higher levels of assertiveness and enhancing their perceived competence.
Recent studies by Cara Ocobock and Sarah Lacy found that prehistoric women engaged in hunting, with their female anatomy providing advantages such as endurance and fat metabolism. The research corrects the historical erasure of women from the narrative of human evolution.
A new hotspot map reveals where women working in agri-food systems face the highest climate risk, with central, east, and southern Africa, as well as west and south Asia, being among the most vulnerable regions. Women's exposure to climate hazards and systemic gender inequalities converge to increase their vulnerability.
Research suggests that early women parliamentary candidates struggled to make distinct appeals as parties increasingly controlled campaigning. The study examines how mass observation surveys and election addresses reveal the challenges faced by female politicians during the early decades of mass democracy.
Dr. Sonia Hernández's recent publication in the Journal of American History explores the complex histories of violence, gender, and power dynamics along the US-Mexican border region from 1900-1913. Her research centers on the testimonies of Mexican-origin women, shedding light on complicated gendered negotiations with state agents.
A new study by Harvard researchers proposes that social factors, such as gendered variables, may better explain observed sex disparities in adverse drug events. The study highlights the need to consider social and structural differences in individuals' experiences and health outcomes.
A single infusion of CRISPR-based gene-editing therapy significantly reduced LDL cholesterol levels in people with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia, a condition that increases heart attack risk. The treatment has shown potential as a long-term or permanent option for high LDL-C control.
A study published in Cell Host and Microbe found that gender-neutral HPV vaccination is effective in preventing cervical cancer by inducing a stronger herd immunity. The vaccine protects against high-risk HPV types 16 and 18, which cause 70% of all HPV-related cervical cancers, and also provides cross-protection against low-risk types.
A study of 144 Covid survivors found that women with elevated inflammatory biomarkers during the acute phase were more likely to experience lingering symptoms like fatigue, breathlessness, and sleep disturbance. This research sheds light on a potential link between inflammation and persistent Long Covid symptoms in women.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine found that people with high body mass indexes (BMIs) do not pose a significant risk for postoperative complications following chest masculinization surgery. Despite this, BMI was still used to determine eligibility for the procedure in many cases.
Two reproductive health conditions, polycystic ovary syndrome and dysmenorrhea, are linked to increased cardiovascular disease risk in women. Studies suggest that girls with polycystic ovary syndrome have a 30% higher risk of high blood pressure, while women with dysmenorrhea are twice as likely to experience ischemic heart disease.
A new study suggests that rewarding women for their work in computer science similar to what men receive could help reduce the gender wage gap. According to researchers, controlling for other factors, women working in CS jobs earn 91 cents for every dollar a man makes.
Researchers found that green spaces alleviate extreme heat's negative impacts on human health, while densely packed buildings increase mortality risk. Urban design strategies incorporating different types of greenery are recommended to mitigate heatwave-associated mortality.
A new survey from Northwestern University found that dads working from home during the pandemic reported twice as much parenting stress as those who worked onsite. The study suggests that societal expectations on men to prioritize work over family may contribute to this increased stress.
A new study from Carnegie Mellon University found that men are less eager and likely to share negative information than women, while sharing positive news shows no difference. The study suggests that this may be due to a greater concern among men over how others perceive them, leading to a tendency to self-promote.
A new study finds that heat-related cardiovascular deaths may more than double in the US by the middle of the century, with elderly and Black adults being most at risk. The projections suggest that reducing greenhouse gas emissions can mitigate this impact, but infrastructure interventions such as increasing tree cover may also be effe...
A collected sample of 30 million Indian tweets revealed 2% containing misogynistic language, with rates rising during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study used a taxonomy to classify online misogyny and measured its prevalence in India.
New research suggests that unilateral divorce laws could lead to improved women's welfare by reducing the time spent on household chores. This shift in responsibility could result in more time devoted to personal care and leisure activities.
TTUHSC researchers received funding for pilot studies on photothermal tumor therapy, clear cell renal cell carcinoma, and colorectal cancer screening in underserved areas. The grants support the purchase of a cell sorter and address regional health disparities.
A new study reveals a reversal in the trend of early-onset lung cancer, now affecting younger women and middle-aged adults. The increased incidence in women is attributed to rising rates among those born in the 1960s, without higher smoking prevalence.
A study by Michał Gulczyński reveals a strong relationship between population density and sex ratios, indicating imbalanced marriage markets in rural areas. The researcher found that men tend to outnumber women in rural areas due to gender-specific migration patterns.
A UMass Amherst study explores gender differences in HIV-related stigma and social support among people living with HIV experiencing food insecurity in the Dominican Republic. Women described outright rejection, violence, and disempowerment, while men's experiences were more subtle.
A NYU study reveals that parents and coaches of youth chess players consistently peg the highest potential rating for girl players lower than that of boy players. Coaches also believe that female mentees are more likely to stop playing due to a lack of ability, despite not recognizing their own biases.
A systematic review found conversion practices affecting approximately 1 in 10 sexual and gender minority populations, with significant variations across countries, racial groups, and sex assignments. The study's results highlight the need for increased awareness and support for individuals experiencing these practices.
A new study examines the pros and cons of advanced maternal age, finding that while older mothers face increased risks, they also have significant advantages due to their socioeconomic status. The research aims to untangle the truth about this complex issue by investigating how biomedical knowledge is produced and disseminated.