Articles tagged with Gender Studies
A new study by Cornell University sociologists suggests that increasing women's representation in STEM majors will reduce gender disparities in STEM occupations. However, the findings also indicate that labor market factors and policies play a significant role in perpetuating gender segregation. Integrating academic majors can help chi...
Researchers found that women tend to accept job offers earlier and are more likely to accept lower-paying offers compared to men. The study suggests that risk tolerance and salary expectations may account for a significant proportion of the observed gender difference in earnings.
A new study finds that having daughters has little to no effect on legislators' roll call votes on women's issues. The researchers analyzed a large dataset and replicated previous findings, suggesting that partisanship may have taken precedence over family influences as political polarization increased.
A case series study found prostate cancer occurs in transgender women, contrary to previous reports suggesting rarity. Rates were lower than anticipated based on prior male veteran prostate cancer incidence estimates.
A first-of-its-kind study has estimated that transgender women taking estrogen are at a higher risk for prostate cancer, with 14 cases per 10,000 people. The study found disparities in diagnosis rates among different racial groups.
A sociological study at the University of Zurich reveals that outdated gender stereotypes play a major role in women's reluctance to pursue STEM subjects. Women tend to prefer fields with less emphasis on analytical thinking and more social and emotional skills, despite high salaries and good employment prospects. The study suggests th...
A new study published in Frontiers in Sports and Active Living found that greater breast support during running is associated with increased knee joint stiffness, altering the lower body biomechanics of female runners. High support sports bras can improve running performance by up to 7% for women.
Researchers found that higher selenium levels were associated with lower blood pressure and HDL concentration in middle-aged women. The study suggests that selenium may moderate the effect of genetic variants on MetS components, such as waist circumference.
The study reveals that female youth charged with prostitution had significantly higher prevalence rates of physical abuse and lower likelihood of living with parents, while males were more likely to live with their parents. Education and training are crucial for professionals to identify sex trafficking victimization and reduce misiden...
A recent study by England Hockey star Tess Howard found that 70% of teenage girls in the UK dropped out of sports due to body image concerns related to their clothing. The research led to the introduction of new, more inclusive uniform policies allowing athletes to choose between skirts and shorts.
A study of UAE firms found that gender-diverse senior management teams deliver value and innovation contributing to the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals. This is attributed to their ability to respond effectively to changing economic environments.
Research shows that higher Body Mass Index (BMI) in the oldest old is associated with a range of health issues. The study also found significant differences between women and men in terms of mental health concerns related to BMI.
Women surgeons remain underrepresented among NIH-funded surgeon-scientists over a 25-year period, despite early career success in receiving funding. This disparity underscores the necessity of targeted support to create a more diverse surgical research workforce.
A new study found evidence of a reverse 'Flynn effect' in the US, with declines in verbal reasoning, matrix reasoning, and letter/number series scores, but an increase in 3D rotation scores. The study suggests that changing values and motivation may be contributing factors.
A new study by the University of East Anglia reveals the struggles faced by trans and non-binary employees in the workplace, including stigma, harassment, and lack of inclusivity. The research emphasizes the need to challenge binary gender norms to create a more welcoming environment.
A pooled data analysis of available evidence shows that sticking closely to a Mediterranean diet cuts a woman's risks of cardiovascular disease and death by nearly 25%. The study, which included over 700,000 women, found lower risk of coronary heart disease and stroke in those who followed the diet most closely.
A new study found that telemedicine services for transgender and gender diverse youth did not worsen demographic disparities in access to gender-affirming care. Telemedicine encounters were more likely to be completed and less likely to be canceled compared to in-person encounters.
A survey of over 1000 patients found that two thirds prefer a urologist of their own gender, but in certain situations, both men and women choose a female doctor. Patients with painful conditions are more likely to opt for a female urologist.
A Rutgers-led study reveals that women who believe they have more time for an encounter are more likely to pursue orgasms, while those who think their partner prioritizes his own pleasure are less likely. Women use cues and adjust their pursuit of orgasm depending on the situation, with the goal of achieving orgasm being a key factor i...
A comprehensive review of 137 studies from around the world found minimal changes in mental health during the pandemic. Women and certain groups experienced worsening symptoms due to multiple responsibilities and care work.
A new global study found that mother's educational status is increasingly important in shaping children's educational status, while father's educational status has declined. The research challenges traditional assumptions on social mobility and highlights the need for a gender-sensitive approach to measuring intergenerational mobility.
Researchers at Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) have observed quasiparticles in a classical system made of microparticles driven by viscous flow. The hydrodynamic forces among the particles create pair excitations that propagate through the crystal, stimulating the creation of new pairs.
New research reveals that gender targets in the Australian public service do not lead to expected improvements in gender equity for women in leadership. The study suggests that effective policies, such as having at least two women on shortlists and leadership training, are crucial to increasing female representation in senior roles.
A global study has found that greater gender equality is associated with longer life expectancy for both women and men. The study, published in the lead up to International Women's Day, suggests that addressing longstanding gender inequality can help extend longevity for all genders.
A new study examines the concerns of parents of sexual and gender minority (SGM) adolescents regarding HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use. Parents cited effectiveness and adverse effects as key factors in their decision-making, while also expressing questions about how to discuss PrEP with their children.
A growing gap in NIH funding created an elite class of super principal investigators with persistent gaps in gender, ethnicity, and race. Researchers highlighted the critical need for reform to promote equity among NIH investigators.
A study of over 93,000 people across 93 countries found that men and women spend an average of four hours a day on beauty-enhancing behaviors. Social media usage is the strongest predictor of attractiveness-enhancing behaviors, with active users investing more time in improving their appearance.
A new study found that trauma leads to high levels of intergenerational substance use among Black women, with 30% increased odds of drug use and 40% increased odds of Child Protective Services cases. The researchers also highlighted the importance of understanding the prevalence and impacts of these issues among minority populations.
Experts predict that automation will reduce time spent on household and care work by 39%, with grocery shopping being the most automatable task. The study suggests that cultural and gender diversity is crucial in shaping future research on domestic automation.
Researchers developed a structured approach to close gender pay gaps by analyzing pay drivers and allocating raises to underpaid women. This method improved pay equity in dozens of businesses worldwide, including those with up to 130,000 employees.
A new study finds that women and young people are more influential than older men in influencing others to implement sustainable practices. Women's recommendations often led to real action, despite being less likely to be identified as opinion leaders.
A Chinese Medical Journal study analyzed the temporal and spatial distribution of epilepsy across China, finding significant increases in incidence and prevalence rates between 1990 and 2019. The study also showed a general decrease in age-standardized DALY rates with increasing socio-demographic index.
A large international study suggests that social and economic disadvantage may explain the higher risk of dementia in women. Women, particularly in low- to lower-middle income countries, have a higher likelihood of developing dementia due to factors such as limited education and occupational opportunities.
A new analysis of Swedish workers' employment timelines highlights varying patterns of active work and work interruptions over 15 years. Women were found to be more likely to have longer periods of interruption due to parental leave and sickness-absence benefits, independent of socioeconomic factors.
A study analyzing 11,167 patients found a 30% lower risk of cardiovascular complications in women compared to men. The researchers argue that other factors contribute to the observed 'male disadvantage' in COVID-19 severity.
A new study found that children in a modern forager society developed specialized foraging skills from an early age, which may have enabled the human species to afford larger brains. The research also showed gender-specific differences in foraging skills, with girls collecting tubers and boys climbing trees to collect fruits.
Researchers tested three common techniques to make algorithms fairer and found that one approach didn't reduce social norm bias at all. They proposed a new technique: a formula to directly measure social norm bias in an algorithm so it can be corrected. This bias can persist even after overt discrimination is removed.
A Rutgers study found that older people living with HIV/AIDS face unmet mental health needs and are more likely to experience PTSD, substance dependence, and suicidal thoughts. Resilience may play a crucial role in increasing adherence to antiretroviral therapy, which is essential to ending the AIDS epidemic.
Research analyzed data from nearly 1,000 participants born in the 1950s and 1960s, finding that children with overprotective fathers were more likely to die before age 80. Conversely, women who received better care from their mothers during childhood may experience a reduced risk of premature mortality.
Research highlights underuse of dual blood thinners in women after minor stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA), with potential benefits for stroke prevention. A study analyzed electronic health records of 2,953 adults and found that women were less likely to receive the treatment regimen, despite evidence suggesting its effectiveness.
Over half of women with urinary tract infections experience impairment in sex life, sleep, and exercise, as well as reduced quality of life. The study also found significant costs associated with uncomplicated UTIs among US females.
A study found that people with coeliac disease have a 27% increased risk of cardiovascular disease compared to those without the condition. Despite this, they tend to have lower BMI and blood pressure, which are traditional cardiovascular risk factors.
A new CABI-led study found that targeting women in communication about the biocontrol method improved its uptake among farming households. However, the use of Trichogramma increased women's labor demands and limited their decision-making role on income from tomato production.
Analysis of surveys since 1974 shows US college attendance influences students' political orientation, particularly among females who tend to become more liberal. The study used a propensity score weighting approach to examine the effect of college on political orientation over four decades.
A recent study found that the airline industry maintains feminine cabin crews through strict appearance standards and grooming guidelines. Researchers discovered that female flight attendants are expected to maintain a slim body and adhere to traditional gender norms, with subtle forms of resistance occasionally employed.
A study from the University of California San Diego found that publicly available salary information prompts universities to compensate women more fairly, with a 4% increase in female pay. Top-ranked institutions responded most quickly and aggressively to reduce the gender pay gap.
A study by sociologists from Trinity College Dublin and UNED Madrid found that parental separation results in significant but temporary increases in gender inequalities in parent-child time. After separation, mother-child time doubles while two-parent time declines threefold, with father-child time remaining low.
A study by NYU Abu Dhabi researchers found that women are consistently underrepresented among scientific journal editors, with fewer female editors publishing their research in the journals they edit. The study highlights the need for diversity and representation amongst editors to foster a more inclusive scientific community.
A study of 665 pet dogs found that life history, owner gender, and breed can influence canine behavior. The results highlight the importance of environmental interactions in shaping animal behavior, suggesting that traits like weight, height, and cranial morphology impact the dog-owner relationship.
Research by Anglia Ruskin University found that soft laws in over 14,000 companies across 99 nations led to a 20% average percentage of women on corporate boards. Quotas increased female directors by 11.7%, but only when sanctions were applied. Firms complied better with realistic targets and sufficient time.
A new study uses mobile game apps to promote healthy decision-making among adolescent girls in India, presenting them with challenges and conflicts that mirror real-life situations. The game aims to build agency and awareness about health issues such as menstrual hygiene management.
A study published in Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice found that women with diabetes mellitus are at a higher risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) than men, particularly during perimenopause. The risk is 1.52 times higher for women with DM compared to those without DM.
A study of dual-earner couples in China and South Korea found that working from home can create conflicting demands on both spouses. While wives completed more family-related tasks when working from home, husbands did not complete as many, suggesting a need for flexibility in work arrangements to support working parents.
Research by the American Psychological Association found that male gender bias deters men from pursuing careers in early education and other fields. Men who read about male gender bias reported less interest and a lower sense of belonging, highlighting the need for recruitment and mentoring programs to address this issue.
A new machine-learning framework analyzes scene descriptions in movie scripts to recognize character actions, revealing widespread gender stereotypes. Female characters tend to show more emotion and less agency than males, while males are less likely to display emotional vulnerability.
A new study found that the COVID-19 pandemic led to a significant increase in research productivity across various fields, but women between the ages of 35 and 49 experienced no detectable gain. The study revealed that younger professors and those in top-ranked departments saw substantial increases in research output.
A UCLA study conducted by Zili Liu and Chéla R Willey found that white, Asian American, and recent Asian immigrant college students performed similarly on a well-known visual perception test, known as the rod-and-frame task. The results suggest that basic visual functions are largely independent of cultural variation.
A recent study published in Psychological Science found that women are less likely to participate in Q&A sessions at academic conferences due to anxiety about receiving professional backlash. Despite this, men were also found to hold back questions, but for different reasons, highlighting the need for structural changes to create a mor...
Research by Lancaster University found that Egyptian mothers' employment during their daughter's adolescence has a long-lasting impact on their daughters' employment stability in adulthood. Employed mothers are more effective role models and bolsters daughters' aspirations, leading to stable public sector employment.
Researchers are developing new tools to address the persistent gender gap in the workplace, which hinders economic progress and talent access. A large-scale crowdsourcing project is underway to shed light on this issue, combining field experiments across 44 years to test competing theories.