Researchers found protons can move efficiently in stacked systems of molecules, common in plant biomass, membranes, DNA, and elsewhere. This discovery could lead to better catalysts, fuels, and drugs.
Researchers at San Diego Zoo find phytoestrogens in rhino diet linked to reproductive failure. The study compares captive populations with varying diets, revealing a key difference between successful and struggling reproduction.
A new study by researchers at the University of Alberta found that the ranchland near Pincher Creek is a hot zone for grizzly bear encounters. Despite no human fatalities, the area's private land and cattle carcasses attract bears.
New research in Geosphere reveals ancient marine terraces using airborne LiDAR, assesses impact of program selection on 3D geologic models, and creates emergent models for Tonga Trench and Samoa Archipelago. These studies showcase the latest advancements in geoscience modeling, education, and research.
A research team has generated flying 'qubits' that can define more than two states, potentially increasing computational power. They used semiconductors to create quantum bits with clear states suitable for encoding information.
A former Army colonel argues that improving supply chain alignment can help the Defense Department reduce costs by tens of billions of dollars. The Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences (INFORMS) conference highlights the use of advanced analytics and operations research to address pressing military challenges.
Dr. Raul Rojas receives $10,000 grant to study bilingual language growth in structured English immersion and transitional bilingual programs for over 1,700 ELLs. The research aims to positively influence educational efforts targeting ELLs across ages and instructional contexts.
A new study found that older people's memory and thinking skills decline faster after a first hospital stay compared to before or after discharge. Hospital stays were linked to significant declines in memory scores on specific tests, lasting even after adjusting for severe illness and age.
The AADR has awarded the 2012 Neal W. Chilton Fellowship in Clinical Research to Bing-Yan Wang, an associate professor at the University of Texas Health Science Center. The fellowship will support Wang's clinical testing of a mouthwash effective against oral bacteria.
A new study found that the brain processes Arabic differently than Hebrew or English, with the right hemisphere relying on the left hemisphere for decoding. This makes learning Arabic more challenging, even for native speakers.
The symposium discusses best practices for using educational research in the promotion and tenure process, facilitated by AADR's Education Research Group and the American Dental Education Association. Key findings highlight the importance of recognizing and applying educational research to advance teaching practice.
Research by Norwich BioScience Institutes and John Innes Centre identifies PIF4 as a control gene that activates flowering pathway in response to temperature. This discovery sheds light on why plants are flowering earlier due to climate change, with potential implications for developing temperature-resilient crops.
The discovery of the kappa opioid receptor (KOR) structure could lead to the development of new medications targeting addiction, depression, anxiety, chronic pain, and other conditions. Salvinorin A, a hallucinogenic compound from the Salvia plant, interacts with only one receptor type in the human brain.
Purdue University researchers discovered that chemical additives in pesticides can form smaller 'satellite' droplets that drift into unwanted areas. By carefully modulating the strength or ratio of surfactants to polymeric additives, these unwanted satellite droplets can be mitigated or eliminated.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University have created a mouse model that expresses a common genetic variation linked to autism, revealing exaggerated serotonin signaling and social behavior changes. The study suggests that developmental disruptions in serotonin levels may lead to long-lasting brain wiring changes.
Research finds that a supportive supervisor can significantly reduce employee absenteeism, even in hazardous work environments. Employees who feel supported by their supervisors are less likely to miss work due to perceived job hazards or peer pressure.
Researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital found that state-level resources contribute to early risk factors for heart disease in women. Wealthy states have lower levels of cardiovascular inflammation, while those with higher financial inequality have higher levels of inflammation.
The NC State Science of Security Lablet aims to develop a unified body of knowledge and analytics methods to create a trust engineering discipline. The lablet will leverage NC State's expertise in analytics to advance the state of the art in security science.
A recent study found that teachers and parents significantly influence adolescent engagement in school, contrary to the widely-held belief that peers do. The researchers analyzed data from over 1,500 teens and found that social support from adults can counteract the negative effects of peers.
The team will examine harvests of healthy stocks before and after the catch shares program, assessing whether fishermen are closer to harvesting their full strong-stock quotas. They will also study the impact of risk pools and computer models on cooperation and conservation in fisheries management.
Studies using X-ray and ultraviolet observations from NASA's Swift satellite provide new insights into the elusive origins of Type Ia supernovae. The research suggests that the companion to a white dwarf is either a smaller, younger star similar to our sun or another white dwarf.
A USC Marshall School of Business study found that video capture and automated systems can significantly reduce medical errors by minimizing the tendency to operate outside normal procedures. The research suggests that technology can overcome human tendencies to cover up mistakes, but training is essential to improve interpretive errors.
A new study by the University of Toronto's Rotman School finds that countries with English as an official language have higher rates of foreign investment and trade. The study suggests that companies should prioritize embedding English skills in their workforce to expand internationally.
Wayne State University researchers are building an experimental wireless networking infrastructure with a $300,000 NSF grant to explore applications such as smart grids, transportation, and healthcare. The network will utilize WiMAX technology and be connected to the NSF's Global Environment for Network Innovations backbone.
The study found a substantial increase in the use of anesthesia services for gastrointestinal endoscopies, with most procedures performed on low-risk patients. Regional variation in anesthesia use was also observed, with higher rates in the Northeast region.
A new study confirms that oil from the Macondo well made it into the ocean's food chain through zooplankton, with residues detected up to a month after the spill was capped. The oil's unique fingerprint was found in some zooplankton in the Northern Gulf of Mexico ecosystem.
The Canadian Journal of Cardiology has published new guidelines for atrial fibrillation, which provide updated guidance on stroke prevention and heart rhythm control. The guidelines are based on recent changes in drugs available to treat the condition and will have a significant impact on how doctors worldwide treat atrial fibrillation.
Researchers at the University of Cincinnati found evidence that BPA can alter the structure of the uterus, leading to increased susceptibility to pyometra, a potentially deadly infection. In animal models, exposure to BPA induced immune cell numbers in the uteri, which were five-fold higher than control animals.
Scientists at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and TGen have discovered a way to break down the biological barrier surrounding pancreatic cancer tumors, allowing chemotherapy drugs to reach the cancerous tissue. This breakthrough could lead to improved survival rates for patients with pancreatic cancer.
Scientists have made significant progress in building knowledge and infrastructure to develop novel tuberculosis vaccine candidates. The next decade of research will focus on investigating remaining fundamental questions and leveraging recent innovations in systems biology, genomics, and bioinformatics.
Researchers and experts call for intensified global collaboration to develop effective new vaccines against tuberculosis. The blueprint outlines a path forward to create more effective, safe vaccines that can protect people from childhood TB, pulmonary TB, and latent TB.
Computer simulations performed at Sandia National Laboratories demonstrate a high-gain nuclear fusion method, releasing energy 100 times greater than input current. The technique uses a magnetic field to suppress heat loss during implosion, potentially leading to reliable electricity production from seawater.
A new NOAA study helps New York state officials identify favorable wind energy development sites while protecting critical bird and fish habitats. The report provides a valuable tool for coastal managers to better understand the interactions between renewable energy development and natural resources.
A new study offers a fresh perspective on the immune system's acute-phase response, which creates systemic stress that can harm both healthy cells and pathogens. By viewing this response as 'immune brinksmanship,' researchers argue that it may be beneficial for natural selection.
The university will lead the clinical trials, which aim to determine if Alzheimer's disease can be halted or delayed before symptoms appear. Researchers plan to give promising pharmaceuticals to family members with early-onset Alzheimer's gene and biological markers of disease.
Researchers have discovered two proteins, Kif5B and MAP7, that play a vital role in positioning muscular nuclei on the edge of muscle fibers. The study, published in Nature, sheds light on the mechanism behind this process, which is essential for skeletal muscle function.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab have provided the first experimental determination of the pathways by which electrical charge is transported in organic thin films. By chemically modifying these films, they show improved conductance and pave the way for future organic electronic devices with better performance.
A study by RAND Corporation found that the use of anesthesia providers during GI procedures is increasing rapidly, with substantial regional variation. The study suggests that up to $1.1 billion in annual health spending may be unneeded, as most low-risk patients do not require this service.
A study found that selective reporting of trials enhances apparent clinical effectiveness, potentially misleading clinicians. The results of published trials influence prescribing decisions.
A team of UC Riverside marketing professors will study the effects of gamification on marketing strategies, aiming to understand how far marketers are taking this trend. They believe game mechanics should be used thoughtfully to achieve specific marketing objectives.
Research published in BioMed Central's Flavour journal found that strong smells associated with food lead to smaller bites, suggesting aroma could regulate portion size. The study suggests a possible link between bite size and flavor sensation, potentially aiding weight loss by reducing intake per bite.
A study found that four premarketing trials for second-generation antipsychotics remained unpublished and yielded unflattering results. The researchers suggest that publication bias can blur distinctions between effective and ineffective drugs, potentially obscuring the true efficacy of these medications.
A new national poll found that 81% of adults think an educational program or counseling is an appropriate consequence for teens who sext. Most adults also favor non-criminal programs such as schools giving information on sexting and requiring community service.
New research shows that becoming pregnant after a diagnosis of estrogen receptor positive breast cancer does not increase the risk of recurrence. In fact, patients who become pregnant appear to survive longer than those who do not. The study also found no difference in disease-free survival between women with ER+ or ER- disease.
A study led by Salomeh Keyhani found no evidence to support the notion that higher regional healthcare costs indicate inappropriate care. The researchers reviewed 114,830 peer-reviewed articles and concluded that there is a lack of scientific evidence to design policies that reduce unnecessary care.
Researchers are developing a computerized model to predict the force necessary to create fractures and the location of fractures with high accuracy. This will help clinicians make more informed decisions when assessing injuries sustained by young children.
Researchers found that dexmedetomidine reduced the duration of mechanical ventilation compared to midazolam, improved patients' ability to communicate pain, and offered benefits in terms of reduced mechanical ventilation and ICU stay. The study suggests that dexmedetomidine may provide clinically relevant benefits for long-term sedation.
Researchers found that consuming two servings of salmon per week improves omega-3 fatty acid levels in both pregnant women and their babies. This increase in omega-3s enhances the body's antioxidant defenses, potentially helping to reduce oxidative stress associated with pregnancy.
Penn State researchers found that consumers are highly concerned about produce safety, and supermarkets will increasingly require growers to demonstrate good agricultural practices. To comply, growers will need GAP training and educational materials, as supermarkets implement policies requiring third-party certification.
A genetic study in Vietnam aims to find out why only one in ten people carrying the tuberculosis bacterium become sick. The research, led by Australian scientist Dr Greg Fox, seeks to identify genes that increase TB risk.
The A.J. Drexel Autism Institute will focus on research strategies that address the impact of autism throughout an individual's lifespan, including prevention, intervention, and community approaches. The institute aims to develop effective solutions to reduce morbidity and disability associated with autism.
A new study published in The Milbank Quarterly found that US cancer screening services are less cost-effective than those in the Netherlands, despite conducting three to four times more screenings. Despite similar mortality rates, practical cost savings depend on how preventive services are implemented.
A new paper by University of Notre Dame researchers describes a method for safely absorbing radioactive ions from nuclear waste streams using the NDTB-1 compound. The team has successfully removed approximately 96% of technetium (99Tc) from nuclear waste in laboratory studies.
Researchers identified KCa3.1 ion channel in Purkinje cells, allowing them to filter sensory input and coordinate body movements. This discovery fills a gap in understanding how neurons process information.
Researchers found that adding RNAi to standard TKI or antibody therapy can enhance the effect of therapy on NSCLC cell death and slow cell growth. The treatment may benefit patients with EGFR mutations who do not respond to TKI, or those whose cancer is driven by overactive EGFR production.
Researchers have identified a critical mechanism of neuron death in intestinal inflammation that appears relevant to IBD. Blocking the 'pannexins' molecule was shown to prevent gut neuron death in animal models.
A study reveals that manmade noise has indirect effects on plants, with some species benefiting and others being harmed. Noise levels can influence the number of pollinator visits, pollen transfer, and seed production in certain plant species, highlighting the ripple effects of human activity on the natural world.
Research suggests a connection between insulin resistance and Alzheimer's disease, with defective insulin signaling potentially impacting cognitive function. Studies show that treating Alzheimer's disease with anti-diabetic drugs can normalize insulin signaling and improve cognitive function.
Neuroscience research with military funding sparks debate over scientific validity and consequential ethical considerations. Dual-use applications include brain-computer interfaces and neuromodulation technologies that may enhance or suppress neurological capacities in soldiers.
Research suggests that calorie-restricted diets can impair immune systems and increase mortality in mouse models with colon cancer. The findings contradict previous research on obesity's impact on inflammatory bowel diseases. Further studies are needed to understand the association between body fat percentage and immune responses.