Two studies found that women with MS who stop taking natalizumab before or after pregnancy experience increased disease activity and relapse rates compared to those who continue treatment. The risk of miscarriage is also higher in the first trimester, but this rate is small and within the general population range.
Researchers found that androgens increase cell spread and prevent death, potentially predisposing boys to autism. The study identified key genes regulated by testosterone that contribute to the risk of autism.
Researchers from Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg have developed a cost-effective method to break down pollutants in water, using a green LED light, catalyst, and vitamin C. The new process produces hydrated electrons that can react with stable substances and break them down into harmless components.
Back pain is common in highly active older adults, impacting nearly half of well-functioning individuals. The condition was linked to less efficient walking and poorer endurance, which can lead to mobility issues. Better back pain management may help maintain independence and prevent future loss of mobility.
A new interaction between proteins could provide a breakthrough in the prevention of healthy blood vessel damage. The study found that stabilizing caveolae regions prevents damage by binding protein SOCS3 with Cavin-1, maintaining healthy vascular function.
A new study found that school-based healthy lifestyle interventions did not lead to significant changes in pupils' weight. The WAVES study intervention aimed to support children in keeping their weight at a healthy level by promoting physical activity and healthy eating.
A Florida Atlantic University study found that 70% of loggerhead sea turtle nests and hatchlings had different fathers, with no repeat males detected. This research provides insight into the reproductive behavior of male sea turtles and suggests a breeding sex ratio of approximately 1 female for every 2.5 males.
A study found that marketing messages for lower strength wines and beers are often associated with healthier habits, despite containing less alcohol. This can paradoxically lead to increased consumption, as consumers mistakenly believe these products are suitable for all occasions.
A review of clinical data from trials and observational studies suggests that prasugrel and ticagrelor reduce major adverse cardiac events compared to clopidogrel, but with increased bleeding risk. Prasugrel shows superior benefits in STEMI patients
A multinational research team led by Army scientists successfully induced a controlled release of stored isotopic energy using a physical effect involving atomic electrons. This achievement marks a step in the Army's quest for alternative energy sources for new types of batteries.
Researchers developed a mathematical approach to predict crease formation in soft solids, enabling on-demand control of adaptive surface morphology. This breakthrough enables the design and fabrication of morphable materials for stretchable electronics, self-foldable machines, and lab-on-a-chip devices.
A new study suggests an association between overactive and cytosolic BRCA1 and neurons death in Alzheimer's disease, linked to aberrant DNA damage response and presenilin 1 dysfunction. The findings support the hypothesis that genotoxic stress manifests in neuronal death.
Researchers review hypothetical uses of biosurfactants, safe and affordable molecules that can produce effective detergents at low temperatures. They have potential applications in industries such as biodiesel production and natural gas harvesting from ice crystals.
Research suggests that e-cigarette vapour can increase susceptibility to lung infection with pneumococcal bacteria, similar to traditional cigarette smoke or particulate matter from fossil-fuel pollution. Long-term vaping may raise the risk of bacterial lung infection.
In a groundbreaking study, male white-spotted bush frogs have been found to dedicatedly guard their fertilized eggs from other male frogs and predators. This unique parental care behavior significantly enhances offspring survival rates, with up to 70% of 'fatherless' egg clutches perishing.
Scientists have identified a new family of peptides in wasp venom that can control insect behavior, which may also help develop Parkinson's disease treatments. The peptides, called ampulexins, were found to immobilize cockroaches, and further research aims to identify cellular targets for potential treatment applications.
A recent study published in Science Advances found that CO2 leakage from storage sites can drastically alter seabed ecosystems, leading to the disappearance of animals and disruption of the food chain. The researchers also discovered that some microorganisms can adapt to increased CO2 levels, but most species struggle to cope.
Researchers found that near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) values correlate with vital signs and birth weight in critically ill babies. The study suggests that NIRS can provide a more complete picture of babies' health, particularly for those with abnormal brain scans.
A new study suggests that a re-evaluation of fosfomycin's dosing regimen may be effective in treating systemic multi-drug-resistant bacterial infections. Researchers found that a higher dosage schedule is required to combat these infections, offering a potential alternative to developing new antibiotics.
Researchers found evidence of extensive biomass burning at the Younger Dryas Boundary, coinciding with a cometary cloud impact that triggered an 'impact winter', causing widespread extinctions. The study suggests that this event may have contributed to the collapse of the Clovis people and the extinction of megafauna.
Scientists found wild Australian magpies from larger groups showed increased intelligence and produced more offspring. The research suggests that living in complex social groups may drive the evolution of intelligence.
A recent study found that yoga exercise decreases pro-inflammatory adipokines and increases an anti-inflammatory adipokine in adults with metabolic syndrome. This suggests that regular exercise, such as yoga, can help manage aspects of the condition by reducing chronic inflammation.
A pilot study by Brigham and Women's Hospital found that a home hospital model reduced direct costs up to half compared to traditional hospital care. The model also decreased hospital utilization and improved patient physical activity, with no significant impact on quality or safety.
International experts discuss six fetal growth size standards, their strengths and limitations. The INTERGROWTH-21st standard assumes uniform fetal growth rates across ethnic groups, while the customized GROW standard considers maternal and fetal characteristics.
The study found high-quality care for ordering brain imaging and administering antithrombotic agents, but gaps in care for processes like statin prescriptions, carotid artery imaging, and electrocardiography. Patients discharged from the Emergency Department without admission to a VA hospital had lower quality care.
A study published in Psychological Science found that exposure to air pollution, whether physical or mental, is linked with transgressive behavior through increased levels of anxiety. Participants who imagined experiencing air pollution engaged in more unethical behavior than those who thought about clean environments.
Researchers found that Egyptian fruit bats use a technique similar to frequency-scanning sonar, pointing different frequencies of sound at slightly different angles to create fine-grained acoustic images. This discovery could lead to the development of cheap sensors with sensing capability.
Researchers have successfully palliated kidney disease in mice by removing protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B from renal podocytes. Mice with this modification displayed improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, alleviating some consequences of diabetes.
Researchers found that prenatal stress can promote developmental plasticity in babies, making them more likely to benefit from good parenting. However, this effect only manifests when they are reared in supportive environments.
A new study has found that the immune system uses a specific balance of T cell types to tolerate beneficial bacteria, while triggering inflammation in pathogenic species. The discovery could lead to new treatments for inflammatory bowel diseases like Crohn's and ulcerative colitis.
University of Oregon geologists discovered unusual seafloor structures indicating heightened worldwide magmatic activity 66 million years ago after the Chicxulub meteor struck. The research suggests seismic waves from the impact triggered accelerated volcanism globally, contributing to a mass extinction event.
A new trial shows that family-integrated care in neonatal intensive care units leads to improved weight gain, breastfeeding rates, and reduced parental stress among preterm infants. The program also may have long-term benefits for neurodevelopmental outcomes.
Mobile health units offer a portable approach to bringing healthcare to communities, with over 2,000 units in service nationwide. Adolescents surveyed expressed interest in learning about sexual health through MHUs, with high rates of willingness to obtain birth control and recommend the service to friends.
Researchers are investigating genome elimination in organisms, a process crucial for survival and evolution. Studies aim to uncover the mechanisms of this complex phenomenon, which could lead to the treatment of hereditary diseases.
A randomized controlled trial found no significant difference in weight status among children taking part in a school-based lifestyle and healthy eating program compared to those not participating. The study suggests that wider influences from families, communities, and the food industry may have a greater impact on childhood obesity t...
A University of Iowa biologist discovered a virus family whose set of genes is similar to that of eukaryotes, helping clarify the evolution of eukaryotes after branching from prokaryotes. Giant viruses like Marseilleviridae may have been the source of these genes.
A recent study found that giving individuals a sense of freedom leads to increased feelings of responsibility. The research, involving Russian and American participants, showed that autonomy is a basic human need and that people are more likely to take responsibility when they have the freedom to choose their actions.
Researchers at Boston University School of Medicine have found that individual BET bromodomain proteins work independently, reducing the effectiveness of pan-BET inhibitors. This discovery paves the way for more fine-tuned experiments and treatments in breast cancer patients with varying levels of protein expression.
Researchers found that adding volcanic ash to traditional cement reduces the overall energy needed to manufacture concrete, with a 16% decrease in energy required. The optimal particle size of volcanic ash affects the strength and energy efficiency of the concrete.
GlycoNet has awarded $3.5 million to researchers across Canada to explore glycomics and its impact on human health. The grants will support research into Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's, drug-resistant fungal infections, and other areas.
Researchers at MIT developed a mathematical model to describe the relationship between hairy surface dimensions, dipping speed, and fluid properties. The model predicts optimal fluid entrainment for hairy-tongued nectar feeders like bats, honeybees, and possums.
The American College of Rheumatology now supports the use of biosimilars in treating patients with rheumatic diseases, citing rigorously acquired data. Communication between providers and patients is crucial to alleviate anxiety around newly available agents.
Most UK doctors (79%) and 80% of the public support legislation for assisted dying. A series of articles explores the debate around assisted dying, with personal accounts and expert opinions. The proposed legislation aims to provide safeguards for terminally ill patients who want to end their lives.
Researchers use a compound called amobarbital to protect joints from cartilage loss after injury, showing promise in preventing post-traumatic osteoarthritis. The study's findings suggest that targeting mitochondria after joint fractures could substantially improve quality of life for PTOA patients.
The Rice lab demonstrates energetic properties of colloids in spinning magnetic fields, gathering into disorganized aggregated clusters and then forming crystal-like regimes as the field strength increases. The researchers explore ways to model novel two-dimensional materials like tunable catalysts or colloids with changing surface areas.
Researchers have identified a pheromone from the Asian citrus psyllid that transmits citrus greening disease. The discovery enables the synthesis of the substance and use in traps to lure and kill the insect, reducing HLB incidence.
Researchers discovered that limiting an amino acid called asparagine can dramatically reduce breast cancer's ability to travel, suggesting a potential strategy to prevent its spread. Foods high in asparagine include dairy and meat products, while fruits and vegetables are low in this compound.
Scientists at the University of Freiburg discovered RNase E as a crucial enzyme in CRISPR/Cas systems, enabling correct gene expression and immune defense. The findings suggest stronger interaction between CRISPR/Cas systems and host organisms, increasing potential for its applications.
Many epilepsy patients receive antiepileptic and non-epilepsy drugs that can interact, altering the effectiveness of one or both types of medications. The study found over 1 in 5 patients taking such combinations may experience reduced efficacy or increased toxicity.
NYU Tandon researchers have developed a new method for manufacturing lightweight syntactic foams using 3D printing. The breakthrough could enable the creation of complex parts that can withstand stresses at greater depths, benefiting submarines. The filaments were made with recycled fly ash and high-density polyethylene plastic.
A new study challenges the long-held assumption that amyloid beta buildup in brain cells is the origin of Alzheimer's disease. Researchers found that standard diagnostic tools fail to detect future AD in many patients under age 70, and that a decline in cerebrospinal fluid clearance may be the early feature of AD.
One hundred high school students from 28 states have been named winners in the third year of PBS' and Stand Up To Cancer's Emperor Science Award program. The recipients will work with a university scientist on a multi-week cancer research project, receive a Google Chromebook computer, and a $1,500 stipend.
Researchers are re-examining old antibiotics to find new ones, applying modern science and technology to test their potential. A compound identified in the 1940s is now being considered as a realistic contender for a new antibiotic drug, with the potential to combat certain types of bacterial infections.
A new study published in The Lancet suggests that the current WHO strategy for yaws eradication is insufficient and may not be effective against antibiotic-resistant strains. Researchers recommend treating every individual living in an endemic zone to cure latent infections and achieve elimination.
A new study finds that nostalgia for America's past can buffer collective guilt and create group coherence. Those who glorify the US tend to be more nostalgic, which alleviates feelings of guilt about historical wrongs.
A global study found that treating multiple chronic diseases is putting a significant financial burden on countries' health systems and individuals. Patients with multimorbidity often face high out-of-pocket costs, leading to non-adherence to prescribed medicines.
Researchers at UPMC Hillman Cancer Center have identified a new genetic change in the estrogen receptor that contributes to therapy resistance in ER-positive breast cancer. The presence of ESR1 fusion proteins in treatment-resistant breast cancer may lead to improved treatments for this form of the disease.
CU researchers found that givinostat improved the heart's ability to relax, holding promise for treating patients with diastolic dysfunction and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Fibrosis is not the sole cause of diastolic dysfunction; a defect in muscle cell relaxation contributes.
A study published in Neurology suggests that strokes can compromise the blood-ocular barrier, causing gadolinium to leak into the eye. This phenomenon could potentially provide valuable information about stroke severity and guide treatment.
Researchers at University of Cincinnati are developing cutting-edge methods to overcome the barrier of human skin for biometric sensors. The devices can measure things optically, chemically, electrically, and mechanically without compromising the skin's ability to prevent infection and dehydration.