Researchers found that Earth's inner core is a mixture of solid iron sublattice and liquid-like light elements, known as superionic state. This discovery provides critical clues for understanding the softness and seismic velocities of the inner core.
A recent University of Cincinnati study found that the term 'storyteller' attached to a journalist's bio diminishes public confidence in media. Participants on both sides of the political spectrum associated the term with biased reporting and decreased credibility. Researchers urge journalists to be more mindful of their online presence.
Researchers at Surrey and the Federal University of Pelotas developed a low-cost, environmentally friendly way to produce flexible supercapacitors. The new technology can significantly extend the lifespan of Internet of Things devices, such as smartwatches and fitness trackers.
A study found that Black Americans on Instagram are more willing to post political content than their non-Black counterparts, defying expectations. Despite uncertainty about their followers' political leanings, Black users are more likely to engage in political expression on the platform.
Researchers have created a new method to generate strong fluid flows in tiny channels by heating a metal film with a laser beam, allowing for the separation and transport of nano-objects. This innovation has potential for lab-on-a-chip applications and could lead to advancements in nanoscale manufacturing and sensor technologies.
Researchers found no clinical improvements in very elderly patients with CPAP therapy for moderate-to-severe sleep apnea. The study suggests that CPAP treatment is less effective in patients older than 80 due to a more sedentary lifestyle and other underlying disorders, limiting its long-term adherence.
A team of researchers has reprogrammed the tumor microenvironment of liver cancer by using mRNA nanoparticles, restoring the function of the p53 master regulator gene. The approach increased antitumor immune responses in hepatocellular carcinoma laboratory models and shows promise for treating HCC and other cancers.
University of Warwick physicists have discovered a complex electrical 'vortex' pattern in ferroelectric materials that mirrors the spin crystal phase of ferromagnets. This finding suggests that ferroelectricity and magnetism could be two sides of the same coin, with potential implications for new electronic technologies.
Researchers from Tohoku University have developed a sustainable alternative to rare metals for metal-air battery catalysts, utilizing sea pineapple shells and blood waste. The new method produces high-quality carbon with electrical performances similar to that of rare metals.
Researchers at KAIST developed an AI-powered microscope that can image live cells in 3D without exogenous labeling agents, achieving high accuracy and speed. The 'AI microscope' uses deep learning to predict fluorescence images from holographic images, confirming its potential for various biological research.
Researchers found that current screening protocols for compassionate dialysis are putting too much strain on emergency rooms, leading to longer wait times. The protocols can be adjusted to relieve congestion, but only if implemented effectively.
Researchers found that 30% of fetuses who later developed ASD had heart, kidney, and head anomalies detected during routine prenatal ultrasounds. These anomalies were more common in girls and linked to the severity of ASD. The study suggests that doctors can use these signs to evaluate the probability of a child being born with ASD.
A recurring cancer-associated mutation in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) prevents the EGFR from discriminating between growth factors, leading to uncontrolled cell proliferation. The study provides new insight into how the EGF receptor differentiates one activating growth factor from another.
A study found that rapid weight gain from antipsychotic medications can contribute to loss of agency, hope, and social withdrawal. Understanding this psychological journey may offer new targets for weight loss treatments.
A Korean research team has demonstrated the anisotropic superconductivity of a high-temperature superconductor by stacking twisted pieces of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x using the microcleave-and-stack technique. This study confirms material properties and develops a new fabrication method for nanomaterials.
Astronomers have observed the moment that debris from destroyed planets impacts a white dwarf star for the first time, confirming decades of indirect evidence. The event was detected using X-rays and provides direct measurement of accretion of rocky material onto a white dwarf.
Researchers investigated the effects of insulin aggregation on human health, finding strategies to prevent it. Additionally, a study revealed that amphiphilic membrane environments can regulate enzymatic behaviors in Salmonella proteins.
The CUNY Graduate Center is introducing a comprehensive and fully funded Astrophysics master’s program, alleviating financial barriers for low-income students from underrepresented communities. The program, supported by the Simons Foundation, will provide tuition-free education and research opportunities.
Researchers at the University of Gothenburg mapped SARS-CoV-2 mutation patterns and found that ADAR1-induced mutations weaken the virus. These mutations are more common than other types of mutations, suggesting a protective mechanism against COVID-19.
Researchers have formally recognised Mambawakale ruhuhu as a distinct species, representing an early member of the crocodile evolutionary lineage. The fossil, discovered in the 1960s, features distinctive characteristics including a large skull and narrow lower jaw.
Researchers used Facebook data to measure cultural similarity between countries, finding associations between immigration patterns and people's food and drink interests. Countries with more immigrants showed higher cultural similarity between origin and destination countries.
Researchers discovered a signaling mechanism allowing intracellular bacteria like Salmonella to outmaneuver host defenses. By triggering macrophage death and activating the complement system, these bacteria can safely deliver themselves into another macrophage. This 'hack' enables them to persist within infected hosts.
A University of Houston researcher has identified potential biomarkers for neuropsychiatric symptoms of lupus, which include CSF Lipocalin-2, M-CSF, IgM, and complement C3. Elevated levels of these proteins in cerebrospinal fluid may indicate a diagnosis of NPSLE.
Researchers have developed a tailored polymer membrane to encase micrometer-sized metal hydrides, improving the storage of hydrogen. The coating prevents surface oxidation and long-range separation of components, enabling more efficient energy storage.
Researchers at UTS have designed a molecule to tackle issues with lithium-oxygen batteries, increasing discharge capacity and efficiency. The breakthrough paves the way for long-life, energy-dense batteries capable of matching petrol-fuelled cars' driving ranges.
A recent study by the University of Florida-led team found that common Southeastern US trees are not threatened by exotic fungi carried by wood-boring beetles. The 10-week experiment involved 55 species of Eurasian beetles and over 100 fungi samples, with none causing significant damage to saplings.
Researchers identified Dh31, a signaling molecule released from the fly's gastrointestinal tract, which switches focus from eating to mating. The study provides mechanistic explanation for how Dh31 acts on brain to change motivational drive of critical behaviors.
A Cornell University study found that a high self-concept of professionalism can lead to greater acceptance of conflicts of interest and bias. Managers with a deep understanding of the concept are more likely to remain objective and ethical.
The American Heart Association has outlined five core elements to optimize the treatment of in-hospital strokes. These include education, quality review, and oversight for in-patient stroke response teams. Developing targeted quality improvement plans is crucial to reducing delays and improving outcomes for hospitalized patients.
Researchers at Tel Aviv University found that a specific type of bacteria, Weissella, becomes dominant in the gut microbiomes of locusts when they form swarms. This change may provide the bacteria with an evolutionary advantage, allowing them to spread and infect more locusts.
A new study published in The Cryosphere finds that warm seawater intrusion under glaciers may cause much higher rates of melting at the glacier bottom. This could lead to projected ice sheet volume loss being 10-50% higher, or more than doubling over the next century.
A team of scientists has discovered a range of metal carboxylates, known as 'metal soaps', that form in oil paintings and cause damage over time. These compounds are often composed of zinc and lead pigments, but other metals like aluminum and calcium can also be present.
Researchers found that switching to virtual conferencing can significantly cut carbon emissions, doubling attendance from low-middle income countries, while eliminating travel-related emissions. However, the study highlights limitations, including reduced feedback survey responses and potential equity issues.
The microsatellite will fly at a Very Low Earth Orbit (VLEO), collecting data for commercial VLEO satellites with multiple applications. The satellite is designed to be sustainable, de-orbiting within days of its operational life.
A study found that lung cancer patients coped better with the pandemic, showing lower levels of anxiety and depression compared to healthy individuals. The strength needed to face their disease helped them cope more effectively with COVID-19 fears.
The genome of Steller's sea cow reveals genes that may have played a role in its adaptation to cold marine environments, similar to those found in humans with the skin disease ichthyosis. The study also found similarities between Steller's sea cows and cetaceans in certain genes involved in energy metabolism.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania found that changing social strategies between settings can lead to more cooperative behavior in a society. In a model with spillover between domains, cooperation is favored when actors can observe and imitate each other's behaviors in different contexts.
Researchers at OIST used advanced imaging to record signaling within single astrocytes, revealing ultra-fast signals on par with neurons and patterns of activity corresponding to different behaviors. The findings suggest that astrocytes may store memories as 'fingerprints' in specific areas, called hotspot maps.
Researchers discovered two simple physical maneuvers to effectively reduce blood pressure drops and alleviate symptoms of IOH in young women. Lower body muscle preactivation (thighs) and tensing improved cardiac output and stroke volume, respectively, leading to a reduction in symptoms upon standing.
A clinical trial of niclosamide in COVID-19 patients found signals of benefit warranting further study. The medication showed potential in reducing contagiousness and symptoms, particularly in higher-risk populations.
The American Roentgen Ray Society has awarded two 2022 ARRS Scholarships to Sean Woolen and Bradley Allen, providing a total of $180,000 in funding for their radiological research projects. The scholarships aim to advance emerging scholars and prepare them for leadership positions.
A study found that approximately one-third of the US population lacks access to emergency departments with acute stroke capabilities and telestroke capacity. The research estimated these proportions to better understand healthcare disparities in stroke care.
A groundbreaking study reveals that Ebola virus can hide in the brain ventricular system and cause fatal disease even after treatment. Persistent infection was found in about 20% of monkeys treated with antibody therapeutics, highlighting the need for long-term follow-up of survivors.
A study of 2,800 US workers found that clusters of financial, mental health, and healthcare access vulnerabilities contribute to COVID-19-related disparities. Essential workers experienced more financial vulnerability, while women had worse mental health, and rural residents faced greater healthcare access barriers.
A recent study from Lund University found a previously unknown metabolic switch that regulates blood cell formation, enabling the directed production of natural killer cells for anti-cancer treatment. This discovery has significant implications for immunotherapy and cancer treatment.
A national study found that states with higher labor underutilization, non-Hispanic white populations, and opioid prescriptions had higher SIM rates. States with centralized medicolegal death investigation systems detected more SIM cases due to toxicologic testing.
A randomized study in Japan found that mechanical clot removal in addition to standard medical therapy can significantly improve functional recovery for patients with severe strokes. The study demonstrated the effectiveness of endovascular therapy in patients with large-vessel clots disrupting blood flow to more areas of the brain.
A new study warns that co-occurring droughts could place an unprecedented strain on the global agricultural system, threatening water security and exacerbating food insecurity. The researchers' analysis shows a ninefold increase in agricultural and human population exposure to severe co-occurring droughts by the late-21st century.
Researchers at CeMM Research Center discovered that the DNA mismatch repair process plays a crucial role in prime editing. By eliminating mismatch repair, they increased prime editing efficiency by 2-17-fold and improved its accuracy. This fundamental understanding brings the technology closer to clinical applications.
A study by Washington University in St. Louis found that slant and consistency of messages in national television ads significantly impact online word-of-mouth chatter and candidate preference. Consistency with the primary message is crucial, even for more partisan messages, suggesting that campaign strategies should focus on building ...
A cloud-based repository called CellRepo has been launched to track and organize digital data from engineered microorganisms. The database uses cell barcodes to monitor and track organisms, enabling faster tracing of lab origins and design details.
Researchers developed a new reagent-free detection technique for SARS-CoV-2 using Raman spectroscopy and machine learning. The method shows an accuracy of 80% in detecting COVID-19 infections from saliva samples, overcoming limitations of RT-PCR testing.
Scientists discover that corals produce CaCO3 in compartments shielded from seawater, explaining differences in resilience to ocean acidification. Variations in crystallization rates among species contribute to varying levels of sensitivity.
Researchers developed a computational model that simulates COVID-19 transmission and forecasts case numbers & hospitalizations. The model incorporates various factors such as vaccination rates, mask use, lockdowns, and breakthrough infections to predict the spread of variants.
A recent study published in Drug and Alcohol Dependence found that internet-based smoking cessation interventions using prescription pharmacotherapy were as effective as in-person clinical trials. Up to a third of participants achieved smoke-free status after 12 weeks, with quit rates substantially higher than unassisted attempts.
A comprehensive study by HKU researchers found that digital competence is associated with reduced risk of gaming addiction and cyberbullying among children and adolescents. The study highlights the importance of equipping future generations with better digital skills to promote healthy media use and reduce addictive behaviors.
The study found that the distinctive pattern on the underside of the leaves is crucial for their size and strength. The unique vascular structure allows the plants to occupy a large surface area while maintaining low biomass.
Research finds prepubescent female rodents outperform males in hippocampal long-term potentiation and spatial learning, reversing after puberty. The study proposes optimal teaching strategies should adapt to brain differences between sexes during this critical life stage.
Researchers at UC Davis Health have developed an engineered antibody, FuG1, that can interfere with the cell-to-cell transmission ability of SARS-CoV-2. The approach targets the furin enzyme, which is critical for viral transmissibility, and could be added to existing SARS-CoV-2 antibody cocktails.
Researchers at PSI's Laboratory for Muon Spin Spectroscopy have discovered strong evidence of exotic charge order and orbital currents in a correlated kagome superconductor. The findings provide a new insight into unconventional superconductivity and its relationship with the quantum anomalous Hall effect.