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Science News Archive May 2022 - Page 32


Page 32 of 40

3D printing: Advanced optical methods that enable new tissue scaffolds

Researchers have developed advanced optical 3D printing methods for creating tissue scaffolds with controlled structure and scale, mimicking native extracellular matrices. These methods offer high precision, cost-effectiveness, and potential for broader applications in tissue engineering.

SourceLight Publishing Center, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics And Physics, CAS·JournalLight: Advanced Manufacturing·DateMay 8, 2022

HKUST-led research reveals a novel molecular mechanism that regulates secretion of sonic hedgehog, shedding light on cancer treatments

A novel SURF4-to-proteoglycan relay mechanism regulates the secretion of sonic hedgehog (Shh), a key signaling molecule in cancer progression. The study offers new insights into inhibiting Shh secretion and shutting down the Hh signaling pathway to hinder cancer progression.

SourceHong Kong University of Science and Technology·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateMay 7, 2022

Intelligent metasurface could revolutionize our lives

Intelligent metasurfaces have three crucial properties: digitalization, programmability, and intelligence. They enable control without human intervention, unlocking devices like cloaking, tunneling, and holograms.

SourceLight Publishing Center, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics And Physics, CAS·JournaleLight·DateMay 6, 2022
Apple iPhone 17 Pro

Apple iPhone 17 Pro delivers top performance and advanced cameras for field documentation, data collection, and secure research communications.

New UCF project examines how teams will work together during space missions

Researchers are developing a project to improve team cognition for future space missions. The project will examine how decreases in cognition cascade to the team level and impact performance. It aims to develop training and technologies, such as AI-based assistants, to counteract potential decreases in team performance.

SourceUniversity of Central Florida·DateMay 6, 2022

Newly discovered neural network gets visual and motor circuits in sync

A team of scientists has discovered a bi-directional neural network connecting the legs and visual system in fruit flies, enabling them to walk while tracking their steps. The study reveals that this network supports walking on two different timescales simultaneously.

SourceChampalimaud Centre for the Unknown·JournalNeuron·TypeExperimental study·DateMay 6, 2022

Retinal cell map could advance precise therapies for blinding diseases

A new study maps the distinct differences among cells in the retina's retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), which nourishes and supports photoreceptors. The research identifies five subpopulations with varying levels of disease sensitivity, opening doors to more precise cell and gene therapies for specific degenerative eye diseases.

SourceNIH/National Eye Institute·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateMay 6, 2022

Using e-bike purchase incentive programs to expand the market

A new white paper from Portland State University explores how purchase incentive programs can expand the current e-bike market, identifying effective program structures and administration methods. The study examines impacts and statistics from around 75 e-bike incentive programs in North America.

SourcePortland State University·DateMay 6, 2022

‘Stressed’ cells offer clues to eliminating build-up of toxic proteins in dementia

Researchers at the University of Cambridge have identified a new mechanism that appears to reverse the build-up of aggregates in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. By stressing cells, they found that protein misfolding was eliminated, potentially allowing for the refolding of correctly folded proteins.

SourceUniversity of Cambridge·JournalNature Communications·TypeExperimental study·DateMay 6, 2022
SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB

SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB transfers large imagery and model outputs quickly between field laptops, lab workstations, and secure archives.

Clasper appendages discovered in mid-Cambrian trilobite show horseshoe crab-like mating behavior

Researchers discovered fossilized trilobite appendages exhibiting characteristics similar to those found in male horseshoe crabs. These findings suggest a unique mating strategy, where males use the appendages to grasp females during reproduction, providing insight into the reproductive behavior of ancient complex animals.

SourceHarvard University, Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology·JournalGeology·DateMay 6, 2022

Researchers find superconductors can carry magnetic information to much longer distances than conventional metals

The study reveals that superconductors can transmit spin currents between magnets, allowing for controlled magnetic interactions and modifying the magnetic response. This breakthrough enables new approaches to information processing using magnetic materials at low temperatures.

SourceUniversity of Jyväskylä - Jyväskylän yliopisto·JournalPhysical Review Letters·TypeExperimental study·DateMay 6, 2022

NIH launches clinical trial of Epstein-Barr virus vaccine

The NIH has launched a Phase 1 clinical trial to evaluate an investigational preventative vaccine for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). The study aims to assess the safety and immune response of the EBV gp350-Ferritin nanoparticle vaccine with a saponin-based Matrix-M adjuvant.

SourceNIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases·DateMay 6, 2022

LOEN: Lensless opto-electronic neural network empowered machine vision

A new lensless opto-electronic neural network (LOEN) architecture is developed for computer vision tasks, utilizing a passive mask to perform convolution operations in the optical field. The system achieves high recognition accuracy and energy efficiency compared to traditional machine vision links.

SourceLight Publishing Center, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics And Physics, CAS·JournalLight Science & Applications·DateMay 6, 2022
Fluke 87V Industrial Digital Multimeter

Fluke 87V Industrial Digital Multimeter is a trusted meter for precise measurements during instrument integration, repairs, and field diagnostics.

Model finds COVID-19 deaths among elderly may be due to genetic limit on cell division

A University of Washington model found that the body's ability to create cloned immune cells falls significantly with age, leading to increased susceptibility to COVID-19 in the elderly. The study suggests that genetic limits on cell division may play a role in the devastating effects of COVID-19 on older adults.

SourceUniversity of Washington·JournalEBioMedicine·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateMay 6, 2022

The effects on ecosystems of reduced pesticide use

A new project led by INRS will assess how living organisms respond to reduced pesticide use, focusing on soil and water health. The study aims to provide a clear understanding of the benefits and limitations of reducing pesticide use in sustainable farming.

SourceInstitut national de la recherche scientifique - INRS·DateMay 6, 2022

Paid leave mandates reduce likelihood of decreasing paid work hours after a spouse’s health shock, study shows

A new study by George Mason University Professor Priyanka Anand found that paid leave mandates reduce the likelihood of caregivers reducing their paid work hours to care for a spouse with a disability or health shock. However, without job protection, these policies may lead to increased employment departure among caregivers.

SourceGeorge Mason University·JournalJournal of Health Economics·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateMay 6, 2022

Does presenting credibility labels of journalistic sources affect news consumption? New study finds limited effects

A new study by New York University's Center for Social Media and Politics found that labeling credible sources does not shift people away from low-quality information or reduce misperceptions. However, providing credibility indicators may improve the news diet quality of heavy misinformation consumers.

SourceNew York University·JournalScience Advances·TypeExperimental study·DateMay 6, 2022
DJI Air 3 (RC-N2)

DJI Air 3 (RC-N2) captures 4K mapping passes and environmental surveys with dual cameras, long flight time, and omnidirectional obstacle sensing.

Emissions tied to the international trade of agricultural goods are rising

A UCI-led study shows that the global trade of agricultural goods is driving a growth in greenhouse gas emissions in less-developed nations, with land-use change contributing three-quarters of these emissions. The study highlights the need for importers to adopt 'buy clean' policies and for regions to improve supply chain transparency.

SourceUniversity of California - Irvine·JournalScience·TypeMeta-analysis·DateMay 6, 2022

Candy-coated pills could prevent pharmaceutical fraud

Researchers have discovered a simple way to prevent pharmaceutical fraud using candy-coated pills with unique color patterns. The technique, called CandyCode, uses tiny multicolored candy nonpareils as a uniquely identifiable coating for pharmaceutical capsules and pills.

SourceUniversity of California - Riverside·JournalScientific Reports·TypeExperimental study·DateMay 6, 2022

Towards carbon neutralization: Enclosure radiative cooling for reducing air conditioning energy consumption

A new photonic-engineered thermal management strategy incorporates enhanced color-preserving radiative cooling into existing enclosures, reducing energy consumption by up to 63%. The system is designed to simultaneously reflect solar energy and radiate infrared energy, while blocking heat radiation from entering the inner space.

SourceLight Publishing Center, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics And Physics, CAS·JournalLight Science & Applications·DateMay 6, 2022

Coaching program reduces burnout among resident physicians

A six-month coaching program for female resident physicians significantly reduced emotional exhaustion and imposter syndrome, while increasing self-compassion. The program addressed toxic physician culture and provided tools to manage thoughts, feelings, and actions.

SourceUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus·JournalJAMA Network Open·TypeExperimental study·DateMay 6, 2022
GQ GMC-500Plus Geiger Counter

GQ GMC-500Plus Geiger Counter logs beta, gamma, and X-ray levels for environmental monitoring, training labs, and safety demonstrations.

World’s ocean is losing its memory under global warming

The world's ocean is losing its year-to-year memory due to global warming, making it harder to predict ocean conditions. This decline in ocean memory will have significant impacts on fisheries management, population estimates, and land-based weather forecasts.

SourceUniversity of Hawaii at Manoa·JournalScience Advances·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateMay 6, 2022

OH radicals firstly detected at 2.8 μm wave length with optical-feedback cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy

Researchers from Hefei Institutes of Physical Science successfully detected OH radicals at 2.8 μm wavelength using optical-feedback cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy (OF-CEAS). This breakthrough provides a new direct detection method for OH radicals, crucial for understanding atmospheric chemistry.

SourceHefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences·JournalOptics Express·DateMay 6, 2022
GoPro HERO13 Black

GoPro HERO13 Black records stabilized 5.3K video for instrument deployments, field notes, and outreach, even in harsh weather and underwater conditions.

Operating rooms are the climate change contributor no one’s talking about

Surgeons-in-training suggest reducing waste, switching to reusable devices and gowns, optimizing OR energy use, and delivering care via telemedicine to lower climate impact. Implementing these changes can help extend patient lifespan and expand access to timely care while addressing climate change.

SourceMichigan Medicine - University of Michigan·JournalJournal of Clinical Oncology·TypeCommentary/editorial·DateMay 6, 2022

Chirped pulse driven cavity soliton dynamics

Chirped pulse driving is proposed to eliminate multiple temporal trapping positions in passive Kerr-resonators-based dissipative cavity solitons. The results demonstrate the chirp is responsible for single soliton generation, with deterministic generation achieved at sufficient chirp parameters.

SourceHigher Education Press·JournalFrontiers of Optoelectronics·TypeExperimental study·DateMay 6, 2022
Sony Alpha a7 IV (Body Only)

Sony Alpha a7 IV (Body Only) delivers reliable low-light performance and rugged build for astrophotography, lab documentation, and field expeditions.

Flip-flop genome

Inversions in the human genome are more common than previously believed, according to a recent study. The researchers found that these genetic variations can lead to genomic instability and an increased risk of certain diseases, including developmental delays and neuropsychiatric disorders.

SourceEuropean Molecular Biology Laboratory·JournalCell·DateMay 6, 2022

Despite ideals, people don’t really like reducing inequality, study finds

A study by Berkeley Haas researchers found that people in advantaged positions perceive equality as harming them, leading to opposition to policies that reduce disparities. This cognitive mistake causes individuals to prioritize their relative advantage over absolute gains, even if it means voting for policies that cause economic harm.

SourceUniversity of California - Berkeley Haas School of Business·JournalScience Advances·TypeExperimental study·DateMay 6, 2022

New review highlights innovative catalysts: Design and application

The article discusses the importance of nano-catalysis in chemical transformations, energy conversion, and storage. A comprehensive review on innovative catalysts is presented, shedding light on their synthesis strategies, applications, and impact on catalytic processes.

SourceDalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy Sciences·JournalChinese Journal of Catalysis·DateMay 6, 2022

The 4D-printed beetle that changes color when it gets wetter

A researcher at Eindhoven University of Technology has successfully printed a 4D-beetle that changes color when it gets wetter. The beetle uses iridescent properties and is made from liquid crystal technology, which allows it to respond to external stimuli like humidity.

SourceEindhoven University of Technology·JournalAdvanced Functional Materials·TypeExperimental study·DateMay 6, 2022
Kestrel 3000 Pocket Weather Meter

Kestrel 3000 Pocket Weather Meter measures wind, temperature, and humidity in real time for site assessments, aviation checks, and safety briefings.

A review of “classical entanglement” blurring quantum-classical divide

A comprehensive review of non-separability in classical light explores its potential for fundamental science and applications. The study introduces a unified framework for classifying non-separable states involving different degrees of freedom of light, offering a timely perspective on the field.

SourceLight Publishing Center, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics And Physics, CAS·JournalLaser & Photonics Review·DateMay 6, 2022
Creality K1 Max 3D Printer

Creality K1 Max 3D Printer rapidly prototypes brackets, adapters, and fixtures for instruments and classroom demonstrations at large build volume.

The forest as a shelter for insects in warmer climates?

Researchers found that forests and forest edges provide natural conditions that buffer extreme heat and drought, allowing for a greater diversity of pollinating insects. This study suggests that maintaining large proportions of forested land in the landscape could help mitigate the negative impacts of climate change on insect populations.

SourceUniversity of Würzburg·JournalScience Advances·DateMay 6, 2022

Biologists examine low-cost ways to improve urban streams

Researchers at the University of Cincinnati are exploring a cost-effective solution to deploy in urban streams, such as adding fallen logs and branches. The goal is to create more standing pools for fish during droughts, slow periodic floodwaters, and reduce nutrients that can harm aquatic life.

SourceUniversity of Cincinnati·DateMay 6, 2022

Wireless self-powered ammonia leakage monitor system developed for ammonia-energy ships

Researchers have developed a full-set wireless self-powered ammonia leakage monitor system for ammonia-energy ships, which includes a honeycomb triboelectric nanogenerator-based power generation system and a carbon nanotube doped polypyrrole-based ammonia detection system. The system exhibited good performance with low detection limits...

SourceDalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy Sciences·JournalNano Energy·TypeCommentary/editorial·DateMay 6, 2022

Self-frequency-conversion nanowire lasers

Researchers have developed a new method to expand the wavelength range of nanowire lasers using the second-order nonlinear effect. By utilizing this effect, high-quality GaAs/In core/shell NWs can generate visible lasing peaks at 508 nm via self-frequency-conversion processes such as second-harmonic generation (SHG). The technology als...

SourceLight Publishing Center, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics And Physics, CAS·JournalLight Science & Applications·DateMay 6, 2022
Rigol DP832 Triple-Output Bench Power Supply

Rigol DP832 Triple-Output Bench Power Supply powers sensors, microcontrollers, and test circuits with programmable rails and stable outputs.

Daniel Preston wins NSF CAREER Award

Daniel Preston, an assistant professor of mechanical engineering at Rice University, has won the National Science Foundation CAREER Award for his proposal on textile-based wearable robots. The grant aims to develop a platform for non-electronic computation that can be integrated directly into wearable robots, addressing problems with s...

SourceRice University·DateMay 6, 2022

Obesity threatens US military readiness

The US military is facing a significant challenge due to the growing obesity epidemic, which limits recruits, decreases re-enlistment candidacy, and reduces mission readiness. Nutrition education and access to healthy food are key solutions proposed by experts to address this issue.

SourceElsevier·JournalJournal of Nutrition Education and Behavior·TypeCommentary/editorial·DateMay 6, 2022

Targeting molecular pathway that causes pulmonary arterial hypertension

Researchers at UC San Diego describe the underlying signaling pathway that causes PAH and a novel monoclonal antibody therapy that blocks abnormal blood vessel formation. The study reveals two opposing roles of NOTCH ligands and opens a door to a potentially new treatment for PAH.

SourceUniversity of California - San Diego·JournalScience Translational Medicine·DateMay 6, 2022
Sky-Watcher EQ6-R Pro Equatorial Mount

Sky-Watcher EQ6-R Pro Equatorial Mount provides precise tracking capacity for deep-sky imaging rigs during long astrophotography sessions.

Next time let's be more prepared: Local COVID-19 prevention system need work

A regional COVID-19 prevention system in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan did not substantially alter user behavior despite being associated with some positive health behaviors. The study aimed to investigate factors that make these systems effective and identify areas for improvement.

SourceUniversity of Tsukuba·JournalEnvironmental Health and Preventive Medicine·DateMay 6, 2022

Just 3% of adults with a recording of overweight or obesity in primary care in England are referred to weight management programmes

A recent study found that only 3% of adults with a recording of overweight or obesity in England are referred to weight management programmes, indicating under-reporting in primary care. The programme's effectiveness varies across the country, and the lack of national registry makes it difficult to determine access for patients.

SourceEuropean Association for the Study of Obesity·DateMay 6, 2022
Apple AirPods Pro (2nd Generation, USB-C)

Apple AirPods Pro (2nd Generation, USB-C) provide clear calls and strong noise reduction for interviews, conferences, and noisy field environments.

Program issuing mailed kits doubles rate of leftover opioids disposal

A study by researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine found that mailing opioid disposal kits doubled the rate of safe disposal among patients who received them. The kits were provided to 235 patients after orthopedic or urologic procedures and resulted in the safe disposal of 480 unused tablets.

SourceUniversity of Pennsylvania School of Medicine·JournalJAMA Network Open·TypeRandomized controlled/clinical trial·DateMay 6, 2022

Minerals can be key to healing damaged tissue

A collaboration between researchers identified crucial minerals regulating gene expression to control tissue renewal and growth. Minerals such as silicon, magnesium, and lithium induce endochondral ossification by turning on key genes, leading to the transformation of stem cells into bone cells.

SourceTexas A&M University·JournalScience Advances·DateMay 6, 2022
Celestron NexStar 8SE Computerized Telescope

Celestron NexStar 8SE Computerized Telescope combines portable Schmidt-Cassegrain optics with GoTo pointing for outreach nights and field campaigns.

Obesity linked to higher risk of broken bones in women

Women with obesity and high waist circumference are more susceptible to fractures than those with normal weight. The study found a linear relationship between waist circumference and the incidence of fracture at any site and at the distal lower limb, particularly at the ankle.

SourceEuropean Association for the Study of Obesity·DateMay 6, 2022

It takes three to tangle: long-range quantum entanglement needs three-way interaction

A theoretical study reveals that long-range quantum entanglement can persist at temperatures above absolute zero if a three-way interaction is present. This finding has significant implications for the development of room-temperature stable quantum devices, which could revolutionize future energy transport and computing.

SourceRIKEN·JournalPhysical Review X·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateMay 6, 2022

High static magnetic field could relieve anxiety, studies find

Research using high static magnetic fields up to 33T found no serious effects on healthy mice but improved sociality and spatial memory, alleviating anxiety symptoms. The study suggests high SMFs may be developed as anti-depression treatments in the future.

SourceHefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences·JournalEuropean Radiology·DateMay 6, 2022
Nikon Monarch 5 8x42 Binoculars

Nikon Monarch 5 8x42 Binoculars deliver bright, sharp views for wildlife surveys, eclipse chases, and quick star-field scans at dark sites.