A randomized controlled trial found that cash transfers to low-income mothers slowed biological aging in their children, measured by epigenetic markers. The intervention also increased spending on activities with young children and brain activity, without affecting other measures of health and development.
Researchers analyzed 1,238 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia and found that patient-reported outcomes can reveal hidden risks associated with the disease. Carefully listening to patients can help predict outcomes, improve prognosis, and identify individuals at higher risk.
Researchers developed WiFo-2, a generalist wireless foundation model that learns reusable channel state information representations and transfers them across scenarios, system configurations, and tasks. The model achieved state-of-the-art performance on 9 communications and sensing tasks with only 1% labeled data.
Researchers developed a physics-based AI approach to predict global-scale carbon cycling in ocean sediments, resolving a long-standing challenge in climate science. The study reveals key findings on dissolved organic carbon behavior, including 11% of particulate organic carbon returning to seawater.
A new mesocosm experiment on Gran Canaria is testing whether concrete rubble can increase ocean alkalinity, mimicking natural rock weathering to absorb CO2 from the atmosphere. The study aims to standardize measurement methods for Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement (OAE) and assess its ecological acceptability.
Research shows that a moderate presence of pikas improves the composition of vegetation for grazing yaks, increasing the abundance and nutritional quality of palatable grasses and sedges. This moderate presence helps suppress tall poisonous plants, thereby facilitating weight gains in yaks.
Researchers developed a flexible metal–organic framework, APF-40, to analyze large pharmaceutical molecules with complex structures. The framework enables the determination of structures from microgram-scale samples, aiding drug discovery and natural products research.
A new method uses hybrid bright-dark field imaging to enhance digital pathology resolution, improving diagnostic sensitivity and AI-assisted analysis. It achieves 2.1x spatial resolution enhancement with minimal hardware upgrades and improved efficiency.
A study in mice with Rett syndrome found altered pubertal development and hormonal regulation, affecting social behavior, cognition, and muscle-skeletal health. The MECP2 gene mutation disrupts the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis, leading to delayed puberty, low hormone levels, and neuroendocrine alterations.
Researchers found four anti-cancer drugs that enhance penicillin-type antibiotics' effectiveness against MRSA, while one drug reduced effectiveness. The discovery may lead to combination therapies pairing antibiotics with non-antibiotic drugs to extend existing antibiotics' lifespan and provide new treatment options.
Researchers from the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine outline the potential of intra-arterial stem cell therapy to improve recovery for stroke patients, who often face disability despite major advances in treatment. The therapy works by promoting brain repair, reducing inflammation, and enhancing recovery.
SwRI simulations indicate that large impacts on icy moons with subsurface oceans may not create new oceans, but rather affect their longevity. Smaller moons are more likely to lose their oceans after a large impact.
A study found that probiotic supplement use increased 287% among adults and 786% among young people, while fiber intake remained unchanged, between 2009 and 2023. Probiotic users consumed more high-microbial foods and fiber content than non-users, but these beneficial diet habits may be decreasing due to supplement use.
Researchers created normative growth charts for infant motor development using the MAIJU smart jumpsuit, providing a more detailed picture of how early development proceeds. The study found that motor skills do not appear in sudden jumps, but rather as a gradual shift towards a growing repertoire of skills.
Researchers at the University of Warwick have created a new material combining magnetism and electrical polarisation, making it possible to switch magnetic information using an electric field. The material works at close to room temperature, a significant breakthrough for energy-efficient computer memory.
Replacing sugar with non-nutritive sweeteners does not undermine weight loss or maintenance, and in some cases appears to help. Additionally, the review found no support for the idea that consuming sweeteners trains people to crave more sweetness or eat more overall.
A research team compared 64 satellite-derived estimates with flux-tower observations, identifying reliable approaches and mapping global patterns from 2001 to 2015. Carbon-water coupled products, such as PMLv2 and BESSv2, reproduced flux-tower observations more accurately than independent products, providing a more consistent basis for...
A new study using satellite mapping identifies the Amazon forest restoration priorities and provides a framework to prioritize protection, natural regeneration, and restoration. The framework distinguishes between vulnerable, isolated regrowth and mature patches suitable for long-term protection.
The BMS Collaborative Research Fellowship brings together Harvard Medical School and Bristol Myers Squibb to support innovative research and train postdoctoral fellows in drug discovery science. Fellows will work with faculty mentors at HMS and industry scientists at BMS to advance new insights into disease.
A team developed a new active-passive remote sensing fusion approach, APEX, to generate continuous regional aerosol profiles at high resolution. The algorithm preserves fine atmospheric structure and supports planetary boundary layer height estimation. Future work will address coverage gaps and improve continuity.
A new framework combines satellite imagery, environmental DNA, and machine learning to predict fish biodiversity. The approach outperforms conventional methods, offering a scalable and noninvasive pathway for biodiversity mapping, conservation planning, and freshwater surveys.
Scientists create new two-step annulative p-extension method for synthesizing structurally diverse nanographenes, including curved and non-planar structures. The research expands the toolbox for chemists to access rare molecular fragments with unique properties.
A new fluorescence microscopy technique, SPIFFI, harnesses polarization of fluorescent light to generate super-resolution images of dynamic structures and processes inside living cells from a single camera exposure. The method allows researchers to visualize nanometer-scale structures in real-time, revealing details such as mitochondri...
Researchers at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center tested a novel drug called TY1, which targets an immune system pathway, and found it reduced inflammation and DNA damage in immune cells. The drug also improved heart function and physical activity in laboratory mice with a condition mimicking systemic sclerosis, suggesting a potential future ...
Researchers have developed an eggshell-inspired aluminum material that offers significant protection from space debris. The material, which consists of water-filled aluminum eggshells arranged in an array, can withstand high loads and reduce the velocity of an impact projectile by nearly 65%. The design, which is inspired by the natura...
A US study of 20 years of health data found that hormone therapy initiated during peri- or early postmenopause reduces cardiovascular disease risk by 22% compared to those who did not use hormone therapy. The protective effect was strongest among Black women and those who initiated therapy within 10 years of menopause onset.
Researchers will develop a molecular diagnostic test that quantifies small RNA species to detect fetal oxygen deprivation during labor. The technology aims to provide clinically relevant values for stratifying the risk of babies during labor.
A Phase 3 clinical trial showed tozorakimab reduced moderate-to-severe COPD exacerbations by 29-34% compared to placebo, impacting a broad COPD population. The therapy's safety profile was generally comparable to placebo, with injection-site reactions being more frequent.
A high-dose flu vaccine has been shown to reduce hospitalizations for older people with lung disease, including COPD and asthma. The vaccine reduced hospital admissions for flu or pneumonia by 8.8% compared to the standard-dose vaccine.
A study by Binghamton University found that 8-10% of children can carry strep bacteria even after antibiotic treatment, despite no symptoms. Researchers hope to understand this phenomenon through genome analysis and throat microbiota studies.
A study found that 95% of patients who used virtual reality during cardiac imaging completed the procedure, with 80% wearing the headset for the entire duration. The VR program also demonstrated significant financial impact, with estimated cost savings of $3,000 per aborted imaging study.
Researchers found changes in brain structure, including white matter organization and region size, in people with severe asthma compared to those with well-controlled mild or moderate asthma. Inflammation levels were also linked to white matter changes, suggesting a possible connection between inflammation and brain changes.
The authors propose norms for AI use in research, distinguishing between non-generative tasks and generative AI, which should not replace human interpretation and judgement. Science requires diversity of inputs and ideas, and serendipity counts, making generative AI training on existing data limiting breakthroughs.
Researchers found ancient methane in every river sampled from Svalbard glaciers, indicating a natural feedback loop that may worsen as the Arctic warms. The study suggests that the physical state of the glacier bed and geological sources of methane are key factors in methane release.
Researchers found that most larval cells in acorn worms were reprogrammed to take on new roles in the adult organism, including neurons and skin cells. This challenges the long-held assumption that cells become increasingly restricted in their function as they develop.
Research at Kyushu University found that using Igusa mats increases brain activity related to concentration and engagement. Participants reported reduced tension and anxiety after using Igusa mats, indicating potential benefits for stress resilience.
A new study reveals that cohesin, a protein complex, prevents local mixing of compact active genome domains in living human cells. This domain organization helps maintain proper gene regulation. The study challenges the simple textbook view of chromatin and provides a revised view of euchromatin.
Researchers identified a distinct 40 kHz inverted-U USV associated with palatable chocolate consumption, suggesting rats vocally express enjoyment of eating. The vocalization was linked to the endogenous opioid system and was more frequent with palatable food, suggesting a measurable signal for positive emotional states.
Researchers discovered that β1 integrin and DDR2 form a cooperative collagen-sensing system in skeletal progenitor cells, regulating their migration, proliferation, and differentiation during bone regeneration. Targeting both receptors may provide a more effective strategy for enhancing bone repair in degenerative or injury-related ske...
Researchers have discovered that each signaling pathway leaves behind a unique fingerprint of gene activity, allowing them to reconstruct signaling histories across different cell types. This AI-driven approach, called IRIS, enables scientists to comprehensively map signaling histories at an unprecedented scale, accelerating stem cell ...
Virginia Tech researchers have developed degradable polymers with a new molecular architecture that combines strength, toughness, flexibility, and oxygen-blocking properties. The findings have implications for food packaging, which could lead to more sustainable and durable materials.
The Kobe University team demonstrates glossy, non-iridescent, and protection-coated structural color coatings for 3D objects, reducing diffuse reflectance and increasing color brightness. The coatings are lightweight, making them ideal for aircraft and other applications where weight reduction is crucial.
Researchers developed a new treatment for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) by using AcTor, a molecule that inhibits a signalling protein, in combination with ixazomib. The treatment successfully eliminated cancer cells and leukemic stem cells, showing promising results in mice studies.
Curtin University's first Innovation graduate, Matthew Grundy, excels in creative problem-solving and adaptability. He attributes his success to the degree's emphasis on thinking differently and adapting to change, skills that will remain essential in a rapidly evolving job market.
Large-aperture telescopes rely on high-quality optical mirrors, requiring complex engineering chains for fabrication and testing. Advances in manufacturing and testing technologies are crucial for achieving sub-nanometer surface-figure control and batch consistency.
A study in mice and humans reveals that high estrogen levels disrupt a specific neural circuit from the lateral hypothalamus to the hippocampus, causing temporary memory impairment. This finding provides a biological basis for the phenomenon of 'pregnancy brain' or 'mom brain'.
A team of researchers from Kyoto University created a machine-learning model to design microbial communities that promote tomato growth and stress tolerance. The communities, composed of six bacteria and the tomatine metabolite, were found to improve tomato growth and tolerance to high-temperature stress in laboratory and outdoor trials.
Researchers investigated three concrete mixes in four locations with varying climatic conditions. Their study shows that climate plays a significant role in how quickly steel in the concrete rusts. Key findings include that low-carbon concrete can last for 50 years or more in some locations, but may suffer damage sooner under different...
A Phase 3 trial found that oral edaravone improved functional recovery in AIS patients who did not receive reperfusion therapy, with 65.4% achieving a modified Rankin Scale score of 0-1 at 90 days. The treatment was safe and showed consistent benefits across predefined subgroups, supporting the neuroprotective properties of edaravone.
Researchers have successfully precise machined refractory high entropy alloy using water-jet guided laser technology, achieving a clean processing interface and ultra-thin heat-affected zone. The technology also shows high quality characteristics in micro-drilling with low roughness and high consistency.
A new study reveals that catastrophic fractures begin with tiny two-dimensional patches that creep slowly before rapidly breaking. The study challenges classical fracture theory, which suggests that cracks must reach a critical size before failing.
A KAIST research team found that all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) preserves T cells' function and enhances the efficacy of immunotherapy for intractable brain tumors. ATRA suppresses 'terminal exhaustion' in cancer-attacking CD8⁺ T cells, allowing them to maintain their ability to kill brain tumor cells.
A symmetry-engineered b-As/2H-TMDs heterostructure distinguishes photocurrent generation along different crystal directions. The device generates photocurrent at zero bias in the armchair direction but not in the zigzag direction, enabling polarization-sensitive performance and applications in integrated photonics and optical sensing.
Researchers created 5-nanometer-thick hafnia-based ferroelectric films with strong polarization and stability at 225 °C. The improved grain structure reduces defect accumulation, leading to reliable operation and high-temperature reliability.
Scientists found that applying calcium under salt-stress conditions helps seeds maintain critical balance between sodium and potassium. A natural compound, sanguinarine, inhibits a key protein and boosts germination rates, but does not protect young plants after they've sprouted.
Researchers developed a thermochromic ZnO coating that improves water repellency, self-cleaning behavior, and UV protection on wood surfaces. The coating reduces solar heat absorption while maintaining thermal radiation, resulting in a 10.4°C surface temperature reduction and 3.3°C average reduction in a model wooden house.
Researchers developed a copper phthalocyanine catalyst from an inexpensive blue pigment that efficiently converts CO₂ into methane in a single electrochemical step. The system achieved high current density and Faradaic efficiency, demonstrating improved selectivity and durability compared to conventional catalysts.
Recent developments in converting chitin and its derivatives into fibers have improved molecular orientation and strength. Functional chitin-derived fibers, including conductive and responsive fibers, are emerging as an emerging direction for sustainable textiles.
A new global dataset provides a comprehensive picture of immigration composition, shedding light on who is moving across borders and how it reshapes populations. The dataset reveals an increase in higher education immigrants and differences in age and education between male and female migrants, with implications for population projecti...
A new study suggests that international tax and redistribution measures could generate enough resources to substantially improve health outcomes in low-income countries. The study estimates that wealth redistribution policies could avert between 6.6 and 29.5 million deaths by 2030.