Articles tagged with Statistics
A team of biostatisticians created a framework to evaluate the congruence and discordance of laboratory animals with specific human diseases. The tool removes bias from scientific interpretation of animal data for human conditions, revealing that some models mimic biological mechanisms well while others poorly.
The number of cardiovascular disease-related deaths in the US rose significantly between 2019 and 2020, with Asian, Black and Hispanic populations most affected. The largest single-year increase since 2015 was seen in CVD deaths among these populations, highlighting structural and societal disparities.
A study of commercial and Medicare Advantage claims data from 2003 to 2017 found no statistically significant difference in psychosis-related diagnoses or prescribed antipsychotics between states with medical or recreational cannabis policies and those without. The findings suggest continued evaluation of psychosis as a potential conse...
Employment of people with disabilities reached new heights in 2022, exceeding pre-pandemic and pre-Great Recession levels. The average monthly employment-to-population ratio increased to 34.8%, outperforming those without disabilities, who only surpassed pre-pandemic levels.
Researchers developed a novel approach to network analysis that can reveal and interpret interactions among multiple variables in neuroscience, economics, and epidemiology. The method uses multivariate time series data and distinguishes major features not detectable by standard pairwise statistics.
A team of researchers from Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University and other institutions has identified a flexible and user-friendly model for predicting flood frequency in a changing environment. The fractional polynomial-based regression method is more effective than existing models, which often fail to account for factors like climate ...
The employment-to-population ratio for people with disabilities increased from 36.5% in November to 37.0% in December, up 1.4%, while it remained unchanged at 74.4% for those without disabilities. This surge continues the gains of the last four months and highlights the ongoing strength of people with disabilities in the job market.
A study published in the European Journal of Public Health found a significant rise in body mass index (BMI) among Swedish children aged three to five during the pandemic. BMI rose in both boys and girls, with a notable increase in overweight and obesity rates among disadvantaged areas.
A study by Dr Ansgar Hudde found that the Dutch cycle around twice as often as Germans during winter months due to differences in mobility culture. This is attributed to a cycling culture in Germany that only encourages seasonal cycling, whereas the Netherlands promotes year-round cycling.
A new study reveals that middle-aged adults faced higher mortality rates during the second year of the COVID-19 pandemic compared to the first year. The researchers attribute this shift to various factors, including the delta variant's impact on younger age groups and decreased preventive care.
A 3-year study of a 20 mph speed limit in Belfast found no significant reduction in road traffic collisions or driver speed, despite a notable decrease in traffic volume. The reduction in traffic volume was 57 vehicles per week after implementation.
Researchers at the University of Oldenburg have developed a new statistical model that accurately describes wind turbulence and generates fully three-dimensional wind fields using limited measurement points. This breakthrough enables precise wind turbine load estimation and improves wind farm planning, with applications in various fiel...
A decades-long effort to lower the US stillbirth rate has stalled, with no progress made in reducing disparities between Black and White women. Despite advances in prenatal care and maternal health, excess stillbirths experienced by Black women have remained unchanged since the mid-2000s.
The annual report shows a continued decline in overall cancer death rates among men, women, children, and adolescents. Additionally, there are modest improvements in survival for pancreatic cancer, with declines seen in lung cancer and melanoma.
Researchers from University of Colorado Boulder develop equation learning technique, WSINDy, to grasp how body rebuilds skin and accelerate wound healing. The method can apply to various phenomena in the natural world, including flocking behavior in birds.
A joint study by TAU and Hebrew University accurately dated 21 destruction layers at 17 archaeological sites in Israel, using geomagnetic field reconstruction. The new data verify Biblical accounts of Egyptian, Aramean, Assyrian, and Babylonian military campaigns against the Kingdoms of Israel and Judah.
A new research paper has demonstrated that psychological factors, such as feeling unhappy or being lonely, add up to 1.65 years to one's biological age, significantly impacting overall health and longevity.
A new University of Toronto study finds an additional 514 deaths should be added to the official Hurricane Maria death toll due to displaced Puerto Ricans in the US. The study suggests undercounting and highlights the need for equitable disaster preparedness and cross-jurisdiction data sharing.
Researchers from Osaka Metropolitan University developed a new method to identify symmetries in multi-dimensional data using Bayesian statistics. This approach allows for the derivation of exact integral formulas and an efficient algorithm for searching symmetries, reducing parameters and samples required for genetic analysis.
A study from the University of Gothenburg found that the number of surgeries performed by a urology surgeon has no effect on men's risk of developing postoperative urinary incontinence after prostate cancer surgery. The researchers analyzed data from over 4,600 men who underwent robot-assisted radical prostatectomy between 2017 and 2019.
Coronavirus levels in wastewater accurately predicted hospitalization peaks and healthcare pressure, enabling timely forecasting. The study's results demonstrate the value of virus surveillance in monitoring ongoing outbreaks.
A new study predicts that record-breaking heat waves will become more frequent in places like North America and Europe by 2100. The research suggests that even if countries meet the Paris Agreement goal of limiting warming to 2°C, dangerous heat stress could double by 2100 in the tropics.
July numbers showed a slight decrease in unemployment for people with disabilities and people without disabilities. The level of unemployed people with disabilities is returning to baseline pre-pandemic levels, says Dr. Andrew Houtenville, professor of economics at the University of Hampshire.
Employment-to-population ratio for people with disabilities decreased from 34.9% in June 2022 to 34.4% in July 2022. Labor force participation rate also decreased, but remains above pre-COVID levels and historic high of 2008.
Research found professional athletes show better individual attacking performance in matches against their former clubs. Emotions, rather than knowledge of opponents' tactics, contribute significantly to their success. Coaches and sports managers can benefit from this understanding, while bookmakers may adjust betting odds.
The five-year grant will support research on foundational theory and real-world applications, including simulation of optical fibers, weather forecasting, and disease understanding. Postdoctoral researchers and graduate students will work with faculty mentors to develop data acumen and prepare for Ph.D. research.
The employment-to-population ratio for working-age people with disabilities increased from 34% in April to 34.3% in May, up 0.9 percentage points. However, the labor force participation rate decreased from 37.5% in April to 37.2% in May, down 0.8 percentage points.
A new study by Carnegie Mellon University analyzed the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and George Floyd's murder on crime rates in 28 US cities. The study found that homicides and auto thefts increased, while robberies and larcenies declined. The authors suggest that social unrest, economic conditions, and changed police behavior may b...
A Colorado State University-led study found greater natural gas leak densities in communities with low-income or majority non-white populations compared to predominantly white neighborhoods. The research highlights the need for improved equity in gas distribution systems to enhance health and safety outcomes.
A University of Illinois study found that neighborhoods with fewer trees have higher medical costs and poorer health outcomes. Residents in areas with more tree cover incur $374 less in medical costs per year, a difference that translates to approximately $194 million annually.
A study found that living near high levels of transportation noise increases the risk of heart attack by 72%, with 5% of hospitalizations attributable to elevated noise levels. Noise exposure can cause chronic stress, sleep disturbances, and emotional distress, leading to cardiovascular health issues.
Modern manufacturing companies can avoid commoditisation by complementing products with services that offer additional value. Digitalisation enables companies to develop intelligence, connection, and analytic capabilities, making it time for customer support service innovation. By doing so, companies like ADAX have successfully differe...
A new study published in the British Journal of General Practice found that GPs reported stress, burnout, and anxiety due to COVID-19. Women doctors were more likely to experience psychological problems, while older doctors faced greater stress and burnout.
The US overdose death rate exceeded the white rate for the first time in 20 years, driven by synthetic opioids and highly toxic drugs. Black Americans and Native Americans had the highest overdose death rates, highlighting deep-seated inequalities in access to treatment and services.
A study of over 64,700 Black adults found that those born in the US had a higher rate of death from cardiovascular diseases and all causes compared to those born in other countries. The researchers suggest that early migration may have a 'carryover' effect on mortality rates.
A novel analysis applied to anonymous location information from mobile devices helped health officials stem community outbreaks and allocate testing resources. The study successfully predicted initial waves of cases, localized outbreaks, and areas of high transmission risk.
The cryptocurrency market is maturing, with cryptocurrencies showing correlations with traditional markets, including the US stock market and commodity markets. This suggests that the market is becoming more like a commodity market, similar to gold or silver.
Researchers found that prisoners in buildings located in green areas are less likely to engage in self-harming or violent behaviours. The study, published in Wellbeing, Space and Society, suggests that surrounding greenspace has a positive effect on prisoner wellbeing alongside prison walls.
A study of temperature and mortality in Pune found that cold causes more deaths than heat, challenging authorities' focus on heatwaves. The research suggests that public health strategies should reflect this finding to better prepare for extreme weather events.
Researchers developed a new method to complete genetic data gaps using haplotype blocks, improving breeding efficiency in plants. The approach has shown comparable quality to collecting more information from DNA strands, reducing costs in animal and plant breeding.
A recent study reveals that narwhals are highly affected by noise pollution from ships and seismic airgun pulses, triggering stress and altering their behavior. Researchers hope that better management of noise pollution will protect these unique Arctic animals.
A study published in the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine found that prostacyclin treatment reduced damage to vital organs and halved mortality rates among critically ill Covid-19 patients. The research team hopes to investigate larger patient populations in future studies.
Researchers developed a technology that accurately detects lies by analyzing facial muscle contractions, achieving a success rate of 73%. The study identified two distinct groups of 'liars' based on cheek muscle and eyebrow activation, with potential implications for real-life deception detection.
A study of over 1,100 prostate cancer patients found that androgen deprivation therapy did not increase the risk of death within 30 days after a COVID-19 infection. Researchers concluded that men receiving androgen deprivation therapy had similar mortality rates as those who did not receive this treatment.
A health impact assessment shows that European cities can avoid 109,188 and 57,030 premature deaths per year by meeting the new PM2.5 and NO2 guidelines, respectively. Meeting these standards could prevent up to 125,000 and 79,000 annual premature deaths.
The October 2021 nTIDE report shows a significant increase in employment-to-population ratio and labor force participation rate for working-age individuals with disabilities. The rates rose to 33.2% and 36.8%, respectively, exceeding pre-pandemic levels.
A new study found that a UK government subsidy aimed at boosting restaurant sales during the pandemic accelerated a second wave of COVID-19 infections. The 'Eat-Out-To-Help-Out' scheme subsidized meals by up to 50% and saw a significant increase in restaurant visits, particularly on weekdays.
Researchers developed a new statistical engine to evaluate gymnastics judges' accuracy and fairness. The study found that some judges are significantly better than others at judging, with the best-trained judges being only two to three times more accurate than their peers.
A study of 699 Black participants found that transitioning to an integrated school between grades 1-6 was associated with improved cognitive aging outcomes. Those who attended integrated schools had statistically significant advantages in executive function and semantic memory compared to those who only attended segregated schools.
A team of researchers has developed a novel machine learning model that can identify medication orders requiring pharmacy intervention using provider behavior and contextual features. This approach reduces the risk of exposing sensitive patient data, while alleviating the workload of pharmacists and increasing patient safety.
A study by Children's Hospital of Philadelphia found a statistically significant reduction in soda consumption of 0.81 servings per week after the tax was implemented. The results suggest that taxes on sugary drinks can lead to healthier beverage choices among young people.
Assistant Professor Kang Hao Cheong and his team discovered that chaotic switching for quantum coin Parrondo's games has similar underlying ideas to encryption. They found that using pre-generated chaotic sequences enhances the work, making it easier to invert the encrypted message to obtain the original state.
A new study by University of Utah researchers found that energy efficiency improvements and renewable energy investments had limited impact on reducing CO2 emissions. However, policies aimed at improving energy efficiency had no effect, while investment in renewable energy sources led to increased levels of CO2 emissions in the residen...
The report reveals a high risk of preventable cancers among Hispanic/Latino population, with 2-fold higher rates of liver and stomach cancers. Access to quality prevention, early detection, and treatment services is crucial for reducing the cancer burden in this population.
Russian STEM specialists do not receive higher wages than their non-STEM counterparts, regardless of education level or job type. The study examines the supply and demand of STEM professionals in Russia, finding that the gap between skilled workers does not exist.
A new tool, the Epsilon Index, has been developed to assess research performance more fairly, taking into account differences in discipline, gender, and career stage. The index provides a fairer comparison of researchers across various fields, helping to reduce systemic biases.
Three Lehigh University faculty members received federal grants to study reading interventions, supports for students with disabilities, and teachers of students with autism. The projects aim to improve reading growth for students with intellectual and developmental disabilities.
A study by HSE University researchers found a positive correlation between GDP and education expenditure for OECD members, with stronger effects over the long term. However, in developing economies, increased investment in secondary and professional education actually decelerates GDP growth due to labor market mismatch.
The August nTIDE report shows an increase in employment-to-population ratio for workers with disabilities, reaching 31.5%, up from 30.8% in July. The labor force participation rate also increased by 1.4 percentage points, reflecting the resilience of workers with disabilities during the COVID-19 pandemic.
A study published in Current Rheumatology Reviews found that rehabilitation exercises significantly improved functional strength and reduced weight in knee osteoarthritis patients. The researchers also noted an increase in exercise adherence among the rehabilitation group compared to the control group.