Articles tagged with Statistics
A new study has found that Canadian women who did not identify as White have an earlier peak age of breast cancer diagnosis and higher proportions of cases diagnosed under age 50. They also experience an earlier peak age of death, with a 7-year gap in mortality rates compared to their White counterparts.
A study by Uppsala University finds that childhood overweight is associated with socio-economic disadvantage, particularly in regions with high rates of single parenthood and low education levels. The prevalence of overweight among 4-year-olds has fallen to pre-pandemic levels, but regional disparities persist.
Employment-to-population ratio for people with disabilities remained stable at 37% in October 2024. Labor force participation rate for people with disabilities was 40.4%, down from previous month. Employment rates for people without disabilities decreased slightly to 74.9%.
Lily Wang is developing scalable and efficient quantile learning techniques to analyze large-scale heterogeneous spatial and temporal data. The project will empower researchers and policymakers to address pressing societal issues more effectively.
After the Dobbs decision, tubal sterilization rates rose in all US states, with further monthly increases observed in banned states. Limited states showed a similar trend, while protected states did not exhibit significant changes.
According to the nTIDE September 2024 Jobs Report, employment and labor force participation trends for people with disabilities have leveled off after several years of growth. This decline in employment is similar to the trend observed between 2016 and 2018. The employment-to-population ratio for people with disabilities decreased from...
A study published in JAMA finds that balloon angioplasty plus aggressive medical management reduces the risk of any stroke or death within 30 days. The treatment approach may be effective for symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis, but with consideration for increased stroke risk after balloon angioplasty.
A study published in JAMA found that pulmonary vein isolation resulted in a statistically significant decrease in atrial fibrillation burden at 6 months. The procedure also showed substantial improvements in symptoms and quality of life for patients with symptomatic atrial fibrillation.
Elinzanetant, a selective neurokinin-1,3 receptor antagonist, demonstrated significant reductions in vasomotor symptoms frequency and severity vs placebo in postmenopausal individuals with moderate to severe VMS. The treatment also improved sleep disturbances and menopause-related quality of life, with a favorable safety profile.
A study by Tel Aviv University researchers found that homes sold through free classified services received fewer clicks, sold more slowly, and at a lower price than identical homes sold through paid services. This resulted in an average net loss of about 3.5% to 3.8% of the transaction price.
The study found a significant reduction in firearm homicide mortality after the implementation of Florida's red flag law, with an 11% rate decrease. However, no differences were observed in nonfirearm homicide rates, suicide rates, or nonfirearm suicide rates.
A University of Gothenburg study found that work-related stress, particularly job conflicts and lack of influence, significantly increase the risk of future sick leave. Women who experienced these stressors were more than twice as likely to take sick leave, with adjusted factors indicating a significant impact on their wellbeing.
The leading causes of death in the US from 2019 to 2023 have seen a significant shift due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Heart disease and cancer remain the top two causes, while COVID-19 has emerged as a major contributor to mortality rates.
Employment rates for people with disabilities have plateaued near historic high levels, remaining at 36.9% in July 2024, while the employment-to-population ratio decreased from 37.3% in July 2023. Labor force participation rates also showed no significant changes.
The 'ADA generation' working-age population with disabilities shows a higher employment-to-population ratio compared to the non-ADA generation. The data suggests progress in closing the employment gap between individuals with and without disabilities, largely driven by the ADA generation's presence in the labor market.
A population-level study found no increase in neonatal and infant mortality rates during the initial COVID-19 pandemic period. However, social distancing measures were linked to higher preterm birth rates with a lag period.
Long-distance travel has a substantial carbon footprint, with journeys over 50 miles accounting for 70% of emissions. Research suggests targeting long-distance travel may be more effective than current efforts to reduce emissions. Changing behavior and policy can maximize reductions in carbon emissions from passenger travel.
Researchers studied cancer survivors under 25 who had cancer since 1958 and found they were three times more likely to develop cancer later in life. Socioeconomic factors also played a role in survival rates, with lower education levels and foreign backgrounds increasing risk.
David Kepplinger and Anand Vidyashankar receive $20,993 from NSF for a joint conference on robust statistics and data science. The event will support 15-20 students and early-career researchers in July 2024 at George Mason University.
A new study found that wire-cut forensic examinations can be misleading due to the high number of comparisons made, potentially leading to wrongful convictions. The researchers recommend additional information about comparison lengths be presented in court cases involving wire-cutting evidence.
A collection of landmark studies in statistical ecology has been published, featuring 36 papers that have provided ecologists with crucial analytical tools for gaining insight into the natural world. The development of novel analytical techniques has mirrorled the history of the field as a whole.
The employment-to-population ratio for people with disabilities increased from 36.5% in March 2024 to 37.9% in April 2024, up 3.8%. The labor force participation rate also rose, from 40.3% to 40.6%, as individuals with disabilities remain engaged in the workforce at a similar rate to last month.
A study published in the Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal shows an increase in breast cancer diagnoses among females in their Twenties, Thirties, and Forties. Younger women are more likely to be diagnosed at later stages and with more aggressive cancer.
A cohort study found statistical signals for myocarditis and pericarditis after BNT162b2 vaccination in children aged 12-17 years, consistent with previous reports. Seizures after mRNA-1273 vaccinations in younger age groups require a robust epidemiologic investigation to confirm findings.
University of Missouri researcher Kelli Canada is using a $2.8 million grant to transform prison conditions in four Missouri prisons. Her multi-pronged mission includes staff training, physical space changes, skill building for residents, and community connections.
Researchers develop novel feature extraction methods for multigraphs to predict shortest path costs, improving airport operations and sustainability. The proposed statistics-based and learning-based approaches show promising results, outperforming traditional exact search algorithms in computational efficiency.
Researchers found that drug efficacy predicted by cancer cell line databases may be incorrect for actual tumor responses. Higher drug response curves were observed in BRCA-altered cells, but not significantly different in HRD scores or Mutational Signature 3.
Researchers have identified internationally significant rock art sites in Arnhem Land that were intentionally selected for their critical vantage points. The Flinders University research team used innovative methods to model the environmental conditions 15,000-28,000 years ago, shedding new light on the locations and roles of these sites.
A study by UCLA researchers found that nearly 20% of patients with serious illnesses listed as alive in their medical records were actually deceased according to California data. This discrepancy led to hundreds of wasteful follow-up outreach efforts, straining resources and healthcare workers' time.
Researchers developed a novel method to model market regime dynamics using efficient frontiers. The approach outperforms benchmarks and provides interpretable results, allowing for better understanding of portfolio optimization.
A new study published in The Journal of Finance and Data Science introduces the topological tail dependence theory, a methodology for predicting stock market volatility. The approach incorporates persistent homology information, enhancing the accuracy of models and detecting complex correlations.
A new asynchronous distributed PEV charging protocol has been developed to manage the charging patterns of scattered electric vehicles, ensuring network reliability and seamless user experience. The protocol preserves user privacy by not disclosing individual user-state information, addressing concerns in previous studies.
The labor force participation and employment-to-population ratio have remained relatively stable for people with disabilities, holding steady at all-time highs over the summer and into early autumn. In contrast, percentages for people without disabilities may have maxed out at their pre-pandemic baseline.
Researchers from the University of Oldenburg developed a new stochastic method to mitigate sudden swings in wind turbine power output. The study found that control systems are mainly responsible for short-term fluctuations and can be optimized to ensure more consistent energy output.
Gender-affirming surgeries in the US increased nearly threefold from 2016 to 2019, with breast and chest procedures being the most common. The number of genital surgical procedures performed rose with increasing age, indicating a growing trend among older individuals seeking gender-affirming care.
The July 2023 nTIDE report shows that people with disabilities maintained their job numbers and achieved an all-time high employment level of 37.3%. The labor force participation rate for people with disabilities increased by 8.3% from last year, reaching 40.4%, while the employment-to-population ratio rose to 37.3%.
A study investigates how product manufacturers can mitigate key core technology loss risks in global competition by implementing independent research and development (IR&D). The analysis reveals that enterprises investing in IR&D can create a strategic advantage, weakening the rival country's control over the situation.
A recent study by HSE researchers found that people of lower status tend to drink higher-proof alcohol and consume more overall. Higher-status individuals are more likely to drink but consume less due to factors like education, income, and awareness of health risks.
Researchers found that doctors' use of Bayesian vs. diagnostic approaches in communicating statistical information to patients impacts accuracy and understanding. Diagnostic approach clarifies the probability of a patient having the disease given a positive test result, leading to improved comprehension by 72% compared to Bayesian appr...
Analysis of rare cancer patients treated with checkpoint inhibitors reveals a linear correlation between tumor shrinkage and patient survival, contradicting earlier threshold-based models. The study suggests that using partial- or complete-response rates may miss signals of longer survival.
The LSU Health New Orleans Louisiana Tumor Registry released the sixth report of statewide cancer incidence rates by census tract, finding that 81% of tracts met criteria for all cancers combined. Census tracts with statistically higher incidence rates were found in parishes including Orleans, Lafourche, and St. Bernard.
A new study by University of Houston psychologist Adam Fetterman found that neighborhood apps are associated with inaccurate perceptions of higher local crime rates. The frequent use of such services by a large portion of the population suggests important implications for perceptions and behaviors related to people's neighborhoods.
Researchers at Rutgers University propose a new approach to accurately diagnosing cannabis use disorder, particularly for individuals who use cannabis for therapeutic purposes. The current diagnostic manual may misdiagnose these individuals due to the rapid increase in state-level legalization of medical marijuana.
Preliminary research found that better sleep health was associated with higher rates of attendance at group interval sessions, adherence to caloric intake goals, and improvement in time spent performing moderate-vigorous physical activity. However, the association between sleep health and physical activity was not statistically signifi...
A POSTECH research team developed a machine learning model that accurately predicts cancer type-specific driver mutations, shedding light on distinct pathological mechanisms across various tumors. The model's performance outperformed current leading methods of detection, with better accuracy and sensitivity.
Climate change is disrupting Pakistan's natural system, making it challenging to predict future changes. A recent study found that streamflow timing in the country's four major rivers will decrease significantly, with a range of -5 to -20 days in the near future.
A new statistical analysis tool has uncovered the distribution and intermixing of Jomon hunter-gatherers and East Asian immigrant farmers in Japan. The study found that regions with higher Jomon ancestry are more prone to obesity, while those with higher East Asian ancestry are more susceptible to exacerbated asthma.
Researchers tested three common techniques to make algorithms fairer and found that one approach didn't reduce social norm bias at all. They proposed a new technique: a formula to directly measure social norm bias in an algorithm so it can be corrected. This bias can persist even after overt discrimination is removed.
A team of biostatisticians created a framework to evaluate the congruence and discordance of laboratory animals with specific human diseases. The tool removes bias from scientific interpretation of animal data for human conditions, revealing that some models mimic biological mechanisms well while others poorly.
The number of cardiovascular disease-related deaths in the US rose significantly between 2019 and 2020, with Asian, Black and Hispanic populations most affected. The largest single-year increase since 2015 was seen in CVD deaths among these populations, highlighting structural and societal disparities.
A study of commercial and Medicare Advantage claims data from 2003 to 2017 found no statistically significant difference in psychosis-related diagnoses or prescribed antipsychotics between states with medical or recreational cannabis policies and those without. The findings suggest continued evaluation of psychosis as a potential conse...
Employment of people with disabilities reached new heights in 2022, exceeding pre-pandemic and pre-Great Recession levels. The average monthly employment-to-population ratio increased to 34.8%, outperforming those without disabilities, who only surpassed pre-pandemic levels.
Researchers developed a novel approach to network analysis that can reveal and interpret interactions among multiple variables in neuroscience, economics, and epidemiology. The method uses multivariate time series data and distinguishes major features not detectable by standard pairwise statistics.
A team of researchers from Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University and other institutions has identified a flexible and user-friendly model for predicting flood frequency in a changing environment. The fractional polynomial-based regression method is more effective than existing models, which often fail to account for factors like climate ...
The employment-to-population ratio for people with disabilities increased from 36.5% in November to 37.0% in December, up 1.4%, while it remained unchanged at 74.4% for those without disabilities. This surge continues the gains of the last four months and highlights the ongoing strength of people with disabilities in the job market.
A study published in the European Journal of Public Health found a significant rise in body mass index (BMI) among Swedish children aged three to five during the pandemic. BMI rose in both boys and girls, with a notable increase in overweight and obesity rates among disadvantaged areas.
A study by Dr Ansgar Hudde found that the Dutch cycle around twice as often as Germans during winter months due to differences in mobility culture. This is attributed to a cycling culture in Germany that only encourages seasonal cycling, whereas the Netherlands promotes year-round cycling.
A new study reveals that middle-aged adults faced higher mortality rates during the second year of the COVID-19 pandemic compared to the first year. The researchers attribute this shift to various factors, including the delta variant's impact on younger age groups and decreased preventive care.
A 3-year study of a 20 mph speed limit in Belfast found no significant reduction in road traffic collisions or driver speed, despite a notable decrease in traffic volume. The reduction in traffic volume was 57 vehicles per week after implementation.
Researchers at the University of Oldenburg have developed a new statistical model that accurately describes wind turbulence and generates fully three-dimensional wind fields using limited measurement points. This breakthrough enables precise wind turbine load estimation and improves wind farm planning, with applications in various fiel...