Articles tagged with Cancer
Researchers at University of California - San Francisco have developed a new therapy that overcomes cancer cell barriers and marks them for destruction by the immune system. By pulling mutated KRAS protein to the surface, the drug acts as an “eat me” flag, allowing immunotherapy to eliminate all cells bearing this flag.
A cross-sectional study of over 25,000 adults found that approximately 70% of identified adrenal tumors were nonfunctioning, regardless of participant's age. The prevalence of adrenal tumors increased with age, from 0.2% in young adults to 3.2% in older adults.
Researchers at Osaka Metropolitan University developed a cold perfusion method to isolate hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) from both murine and human fatty liver-associated tumors with high yield and purity. This breakthrough could provide new tools for investigating the role of HSCs in NASH-associated liver cancer progression.
Researchers at Cleveland Clinic link HSD3B1 genotype to higher risk of type 2 endometrial cancer, which is more aggressive and has lower survival rates than type 1. The study builds on previous associations with breast and prostate cancer, suggesting the gene could serve as a biomarker for certain subtypes.
The DeFi trial shows targeting the Notch pathway with nirogacestat improves progression-free survival and reduces symptoms in patients with desmoid tumours. Patients reported a statistically significant benefit in reduced pain, symptom burden, and improved quality of life.
Scientists have discovered a link between air pollution and lung cancer in people who have never smoked. Exposure to particulate matter (PM2.5) has been shown to promote cancerous changes in airway cells with EGFR and KRAS gene mutations, driving them towards a cancer stem cell-like state.
Late-breaking results at ESMO Congress 2022 reveal a strong association between air pollution and non-small cell lung cancer, with exposure to particulate matter linked to increased risk. The research underscores the need for environmental sustainability in oncology, particularly in cancer prevention and early detection.
Researchers have developed a new safety system for CAR-T cells, called VIPER CAR-T cells, that can be turned on or off. This allows doctors to target cancer more aggressively while minimizing side effects. The new system uses an FDA-approved antiviral drug to control the cell's activity.
A new study has successfully predicted ovarian cancer in patients with a pelvic mass using a simple blood test. The liquid biopsy technology captures circulating tumor cells, allowing for genetic analysis in just a couple of hours, which can help diagnose the disease earlier.
Researchers at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute have made significant breakthroughs in treating breast and kidney cancers, with data from pivotal studies showing encouraging results for new treatments. Phase 3 trials are underway to evaluate a three-drug regimen for advanced kidney cancer, while a combination therapy is being tested for HR...
A team of researchers at the University of Minnesota has developed an accessible application called MVsim that can simulate complex molecular interactions. By using this tool, scientists can design more specific drugs for diseases like cancer and COVID-19 by optimizing multivalent interactions.
Researchers have developed a new method for 3D cell culture that accurately quantifies how breast cancer cells generate forces to spread within tissue. This study provides more accurate computational data on cellular forces during invasion by breast cancer cells, which may lead to more efficient and personalized drug development.
Researchers at the University of Gothenburg have identified a protein called HnRNPK that controls tumor growth by binding to messenger RNA, potentially enabling the development of new cancer drugs with fewer side effects.
A UTHSC-led team has received a $3.16 million National Cancer Institute grant to develop a cancer immunotherapy drug that boosts the immune system response to destroy tumor cells.
A pilot study from UCLA researchers found that neurofeedback training significantly normalized brain wave frequencies and improved cognitive function in cancer patients with chemo brain. The study's results support further research into the effectiveness of neurofeedback as a treatment approach.
Researchers identified five new hepatoblastoma tumor signatures that could help predict responses to chemotherapy treatments. The study used single-cell transcriptomic techniques to analyze tumors from infants and children, providing a window into normal development and cancer.
The center aims to develop and test advanced telehealth methods for cancer care, focusing on promoting health equity and addressing digital divides. Three principal investigators will lead the center, aiming to improve patient outcomes, communication, and healthcare use through telehealth strategies.
Cancer patients in rural areas experience higher mortality rates and are more likely to miss radiation appointments, leading to poorer overall survival. The study suggests that targeted support programs like patient navigation can help reduce disparities in cancer care.
A new study by Berkeley Lab scientists reveals that thirdhand smoke can exceed health risk guidelines, putting whole households at risk. The study found that concentrations of toxic chemicals in indoor environments where cigarettes have been smoked can lead to exposure through inhalation, dust ingestion, and dermal absorption.
A new AI model has improved the efficiency of cancer diagnosis by reducing costs and time while increasing accuracy. The model uses pathological image compression technology to effectively extract features from images, enabling it to accurately detect cancer sites.
A Swedish study of over 4,000 adults found that those with high prostasin blood levels were 76% more likely to develop diabetes and 43% more likely to die from cancer. Prostasin may be an indicator of disease occurrence or causally relevant, raising the possibility of targeting this protein for future treatments.
Researchers at the Centre for Genomic Regulation have identified PDIA6 as a key protein involved in driving melanoma malignancy. The study found that PDIA6 promotes melanoma cell growth by binding to RNA molecules inside tumor cells, making it a promising therapeutic target.
A new study by Tokyo University of Science researchers reveals that dendritic cell immunoreceptor (DCIR) plays a crucial role in the development of colorectal tumors. Blocking DCIR may prevent ulcerative colitis and colon cancer, offering a potential therapeutic target for treating these diseases.
Researchers investigated the effects of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy on CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, PD-L1, and mucin expression in rectal cancer patients. The study found that nCRT exposure was associated with higher mucin expression and a non-significant difference in PD-L1 expression, suggesting an immunosuppressive phenotype.
A researcher studied the 'black box' phenomenon in breast cancer survivorship care, revealing communication gaps between women and their providers. She found that black boxing can hide service access complexities, emphasizing the need for improved information pathways to address post-treatment needs.
Researchers created a novel tumor organoid system to examine the impact of bacterial metabolites on immune checkpoint blockage, a promising cancer treatment. The system showed that certain bacterial-released factors improved immune cell viability and increased treatment efficacy.
A study found that a majority of online pharmacies selling imatinib, a chronic myeloid leukemia therapy, are uncertified and operate unsafely. Patients may face risks of nonadherence, treatment failures, and adverse events if they use these pharmacies.
A study of 3,028 patients with COVID-19 reveals that race, ethnicity, and severity of infection are key factors contributing to delayed cancer treatment. Researchers found that these patient demographic factors are strongly associated with delays in receiving timely medical care.
A new class of glioma drugs exploits tumors lacking the DNA repair enzyme MGMT, generating cytotoxic DNA and selectively killing tumor cells without resistance. The approach may lead to new glioma treatments for highly aggressive brain tumors like glioblastoma.
A new study found that over half of adult cancer survivors experience significant hearing problems after chemotherapy treatment. The researchers also discovered that platinum and taxane drugs, commonly used to treat the majority of cancers, are linked to high rates of hearing loss and tinnitus.
A new study published in Diabetologia finds that limiting food intake to a 10-hour window during the day improves metabolic health in adults with type 2 diabetes. The research, conducted by Prof Patrick Schrauwen and colleagues, shows a decrease in 24-hour glucose levels and an increase in time spent with normal blood glucose levels.
Artificial neural networks use white matter cracks and cerebral cortex furrows to estimate biological age, which can indicate possible disease or injury. The 'black box' problem has been solved, revealing the algorithm's decision-making process.
A new study from MIT and Broad Institute researchers analyzed interactions between nanoparticles and nearly 500 types of cancer cells, revealing thousands of biological traits that influence cell response. The findings could help tailor drug-delivery particles to specific types of cancer.
A recent PLOS Biology study examines the limitations of current anti-amyloid therapies for Alzheimer's disease, suggesting abnormal microglial function and tau tangles as key mechanisms. The authors review clinical trial results and propose new strategies for treating the disease, bringing hope for a cure.
A survey study of 1,240 adults with cancer found racial and ethnic disparities in cancer care during the pandemic. Black and Latinx adults reported more delayed cancer care and adverse social and economic effects compared to their white counterparts.
The new grant aims to address structural racism and discrimination affecting Asian-Americans with chronic hepatitis B virus infection and liver cancer. Researchers will examine factors such as socio-historical hardship, segregation, and mistrust of the health system to improve quality of care.
Researchers found that cancer cells can move faster and in a specific direction when placed in an environment with optimal stiffness, which challenges previous assumptions. This discovery could lead to new treatments by understanding how cancer cells invade tissues.
Researchers at Osaka University identified Src as a key molecule in the process of epithelial cells becoming invasive and cancerous. The study found that CDCP1 forms a molecular scaffold that activates Src, promoting cancer cell invasion.
A large-scale study analyzing 29 studies and 139,624 participants found that people who viewed tobacco content on social media are more likely to report using tobacco. The study also identified susceptible individuals who may be influenced by pro-tobacco content.
A study by University of Toronto researchers found that childhood physical abuse is associated with chronic pain, diabetes, cancer, migraines, arthritis, and heart disease in later life. The trauma can influence both physical and mental health many decades after the event.
A study of 720 patients with thoracic cancer found increased odds of unsuccessful telemedicine visits among Black and disadvantaged patients. Unsuccessful telemedicine visits were associated with worse clinical outcomes, highlighting the need for improved access to healthcare.
Experimental study finds large DNA insertions caused by retrotransposition can increase cancer risk in human cells edited with CRISPR/Cas9. In contrast, base editing and prime editing show much lower rates of retrotransposition.
The study found that COVID-19 accounted for 1 in 8 deaths, with heart disease, cancer, accidents, and stroke being the other common causes. The data also revealed a significant increase in mortality rates due to the pandemic.
Researchers found that tumour stem cells with Mex3a protein activity remain in a latent state, conferring resistance to chemotherapy. After treatment, these cells are reactivated, leading to cancer relapse. Removing the Mex3a gene makes colorectal cancer cells highly sensitive to chemotherapy.
Researchers have discovered a key protein regulating pancreatic cancer cell growth and spread, which can be manipulated to reverse the process. Boosting levels of GREM1 has been shown to turn back aggressive tumours, making them easier to treat.
Researchers found high mortality rates in the Midwest/northeastern Great Lakes region and lower risk counties in western/southwestern areas. The study highlights regions warranting further investigation and preventive interventions to address the increasing burden of young-onset colorectal cancer.
Researchers will develop and test new beacon molecules and imaging equipment to improve the detection and removal of non-small-cell lung cancers, aiming to reduce unnecessary tissue removal. The goal is to enhance surgical outcomes and improve patient care.
Researchers developed a method for detecting cancer miRNA patterns using DNA computing technology, enabling simple and early cancer diagnosis from liquid biopsies. The technology uses nanopore decoding to recognize cancer-specific expression patterns even at extremely low concentrations of miRNA.
A new study from Karolinska Institutet has identified a key mechanism behind treatment resistance in a deadly form of kidney cancer. By increasing mitochondrial content in cancer cells, researchers found that these cells became susceptible to the cancer drug sorafenib. This breakthrough offers hope for more targeted cancer treatments.
Researchers have developed an app to help doctors identify patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) at risk of developing infections, allowing for earlier treatment. The app uses blood test results and genetic data to predict patient risk, improving treatment outcomes and reducing pressure on the healthcare system.
Researchers at Nagoya City University found that glycerol phosphate modification terminates matriglycan elongation, disrupting cell adhesion and promoting cancer cell migration. Enhanced GroP modification is correlated with increased PCYT2 expression in colorectal cancer tissue.
Researchers discovered that porous cell membrane formation allows cancer-inducing proteins to escape and promote tumor growth in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis-associated liver cancer. The release of IL-33 and IL-1β from senescent hepatic stellate cells accelerates cancer development by suppressing anti-tumor immunity.
This volume of Oncotarget features groundbreaking research on various cancers, including breast, lung, colorectal, and neuroblastoma, as well as novel drug targets for bladder cancer. The studies also delve into the role of BRCA in breast and colorectal cancers.
A population-based study found that patients with estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer who experienced hot flashes while on adjuvant hormone therapy had worse outcomes and a higher risk of early treatment discontinuation. The study suggests that managing side effects may not be enough to prevent treatment discontinuation, highlight...
A team of scientists has developed a novel computational approach to analyze DNA sequences of thousands of bacteria, revealing previously unknown gene clusters responsible for producing metabolites of interest. The study highlights the potential of these bacterial compounds in treating colon cancer and improving treatment options.
The USPSTF recommends against using beta carotene or vitamin E supplements to prevent cardiovascular disease (CVD) or cancer. Inflammation and oxidative stress play a role in both CVD and cancer, but dietary supplements have shown anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects, leading to proposals for their use as preventive measures.
Researchers at Nagoya University created a 3D model of the human genome structure, analyzing its dynamics and functions. The study provides new insights into chromatin distribution, cell division, and transcription regulation, shedding light on cellular processes and potential disease mechanisms.
Researchers at Tokyo Medical and Dental University have developed a liquid biopsy that can determine if an esophageal cancer patient will respond to certain treatments. The biopsy uses a panel of mRNAs and microRNAs to predict patient outcomes, with improved accuracy when combined with tumor size data.
A new study led by UCSF found that routine screening for and removal of precancerous anal lesions can significantly reduce the risk of anal cancer. The study, known as ANCHOR Study, showed a 57% reduction in anal cancer among people with HIV who underwent treatment for high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL).
A new study found that a healthy, plant-based diet was associated with a 14% lower risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Researchers analyzed data from over 65,000 participants and categorized their diets into different food groups, concluding that choosing healthy plant-based foods is likely helpful for cancer prevention.