Articles tagged with Hepatocellular Carcinoma
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Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital have identified a combination therapy that improves survival in mouse models of hepatocellular carcinoma. The dual therapy combines regorafenib to reprogram the tumor immune microenvironment and PD1 antibodies to stimulate anti-tumor immunity.
The study developed a reliable method for creating porcine hepatocellular carcinoma cells, which exhibited similar characteristics to human HCC cells. The Oncopig model was shown to be a valuable tool for testing innovative therapeutic modalities and correlative studies for new therapies.
Emerging treatments for liver cancer show promising safety results, with atezolizumab and bevacizumab combination therapy improving overall survival. Lenvatinib and pembrolizumab combination also demonstrates efficacy in Phase 1b study, while nivolumab + ipilimumab combination yields encouraging results in subgroup analysis.
Researchers developed new predictive models to identify patients at highest risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after successful hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment. The models used clinical parameters and identified specific clusters of patients with elevated or impaired liver function, suggesting more personalized HCC sur...
Scientists have identified a microRNA in obese mouse mothers that increases the odds of liver cancer in their offspring and throughout future generations. The study found that maternal obesity causes susceptibility to liver cancer in offspring, with the severity increasing over generations.
Researchers developed a blood test that detects viral exposure signatures linked to liver cancer risk. The test showed high accuracy in distinguishing patients with hepatocellular carcinoma from those with chronic liver disease and healthy volunteers. It has the potential to improve liver cancer screening and early detection.
A study found that people infected with Hepatitis D have up to three times the risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma compared to those infected only with Hepatitis B. Researchers are calling for increased awareness and screening of Hepatitis D in patients with Hepatitis B.
A new study found that exercise can prevent the development of liver cancer in obese mice with fatty liver disease. The research suggests that voluntary exercise exerts its protective effects via molecular signaling pathways, including tumor suppressor gene p53 and stress-activated protein kinase JNK1.
Research found that higher levels of sBTLA proteins were associated with poorer overall survival in patients with advanced liver cancer. Treatment with sorafenib revealed dynamic changes in soluble checkpoint protein levels, suggesting potential use as a biomarker for predicting patient outcomes.
Scientists at UNIGE discovered a protein, S100A11, that promotes inflammation and build-up of fibrous tissue in the liver, increasing cancer severity. The presence of S100A11 in blood may enable early detection through simple blood sampling, paving the way for targeted therapies.
A nationwide population-based study found that firearms are the most lethal method for suicide, with nearly 9 out of 10 attempts being fatal. The overall fatality rate for suicide attempts nationwide is 1 out of 12. The study suggests that prevention efforts focused on reducing access to firearms could save lives.
A phase 3 study showed that combining PD-L1 inhibitor atezolizumab and VEGF inhibitor bevacizumab significantly improved overall survival and progression-free survival in patients with unresectable HCC. The treatment combination also increased overall response rate and delayed deterioration in quality of life.
The incidence of liver cancer has tripled in the UK over the past 20 years, with the majority of cases diagnosed in men. The most deprived fifth of the population accounts for 25% of HCC cases, many of which have cirrhosis and are not treatable by surgery due to advanced scarring.
Researchers identified CEUS biomarkers predicting HCC in cirrhotic nodules, stratifying risk within the LI-RADS system. Customized surveillance strategies can be enabled using these biomarkers.
A new study found that DNA mutations common in liver cancer are also present in healthy livers, accumulating over time to lead to chronic liver disease. The study provides unprecedented detail on how these genetic changes develop and offers a potential way to predict individual risk of liver cancer.
A nationwide cohort study found that lipophilic statin use was associated with significantly lower risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) incident, all-cause death, and liver-related death. The benefits were dose and duration-dependent, with the greatest reduction in HCC risk occurring after at least 600 cumulative defined daily doses.
A retrospective review of 304 patients found that aspirin therapy improved lab values and overall survival post-TAE for HCC, with lower bilirubin levels at 1 day, 1 month, and 1 year after embolization. Aspirin use was also associated with longer median overall survival period after TAE.
Researchers found that radio waves targeting a specific calcium channel can block the growth of liver cancer cells without damaging healthy cells. The treatment, approved for use in Europe, uses a handheld device that emits radio frequencies via a spoon-shaped element placed on the patient's tongue.
Researchers discover parvifoline AA, a natural compound, stimulates NKG2D ligands on cancer cells, making them more recognizable and targetable by NK cells. This increases the effectiveness of NK cell-based tumor immunotherapy.
A study published at the ARRS 2019 Annual Meeting found that stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) is an effective locoregional treatment option for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), with a low local progression rate. The results also corrected standard response assessment interpretations, suggesting that persistent arterial phase e...
A study comparing percutaneous liver ablation interventions (IRs) to surgical procedures for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) found IRs had significantly lower inhospital mortality rates and hospitalization costs. IRs were also associated with shorter lengths of stay and a higher routine discharge rate to home.
Researchers found that serum AKR1B10 levels were significantly associated with advanced liver fibrosis stages, particularly stage 4. The protein's origin was confirmed via immunohistochemical staining, and its combination with WFA(+)-M2BP showed high sensitivity and specificity for predicting NASH fibrosis and life-threatening events.
Researchers at TGen identified AKR1B10 as a potential biomarker for liver cancer diagnosis and prognosis. The enzyme has a paradoxical role in HCC development, where its overexpression indicates cancer presence while suppression may slow progression.
Researchers discovered that adiponectin, a hormone secreted by fat cells, protects female mice from liver cancer. In contrast, increased testosterone levels in male rodents reduce tumor growth and lower adiponectin levels.
Researchers at CNIC have discovered a hormone called adiponectin that protects the liver from liver cancer, which affects more men than women. Adiponectin is produced in higher amounts in women and slim people, with levels declining after puberty in men.
Researchers have engineered HBV-specific T cells to treat Hepatocellular carcinoma, a commonly occurring liver cancer. The treatment was individualised and showed promise in reducing tumour size in patients with HBV-related liver cancer.
Researchers report an assay that uses cell-free DNA mutations and protein biomarkers to detect hepatocellular carcinoma in asymptomatic individuals. In a sample of 331 hepatitis B virus-infected individuals, the assay correctly identified 17% who had liver cancer without symptoms.
A large study found an association between whole grain and high dietary fiber intake with a lower risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. The findings suggest that incorporating more whole grains into the diet may help reduce liver cancer risk.
A research team at Tokyo Medical and Dental University classified hepatocellular carcinoma into three distinct subgroups based on mutation patterns, gene expression, and immune system characterization. The findings suggest that each subgroup has a unique clinical profile, enabling targeted treatment approaches.
Jun Ho Lee, a doctoral student at UNIST, received the grand prize of $10,000 from Merck's 2018 Life Science Awards in Tumor Biology. His research on TonEBP expression in hepatocellular carcinoma has shown promise in predicting patient prognosis and preventing cancer recurrence.
Researchers analyzed national data and found that African-American transplant recipients lived 4.75 years longer on average if their livers were donated by someone of the same race. The study suggests a possible way to improve survival rates for this patient population, which typically faces poorer outcomes with liver cancer.
Researchers from KAIST have identified novel pathways involving T immune cell exhaustion in liver cancer patients. The study provides evidence for designing optimal strategies for immune checkpoint blockades and offers a new path for customized medicine.
Researchers at Kanazawa University identify osteopontin as a key player in HCV replication and stemness in cancer stem cells. The study reveals that osteopontin regulates HCV replication, tumor initiation, and metastasis through the OPN-CD44 axis.
A preclinical study found that inhibiting liver cancer cell growth can be achieved by manipulating the circadian clock. Fifty percent of liver tumors express a malfunctioning protein that induces circadian dysfunction, and forcing tumor cells to re-express this protein leads to their death.
A new study has identified glycolytic enzymes as potential biomarkers for early detection and prevention of liver cancer. The research found that the shift to glycolysis in cirrhotic livers is associated with a higher risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma, offering hope for improved early detection and treatment.
Researchers identified Sav1, a component of the Hippo pathway, as a key mutated gene in fatty liver-associated liver cancer. This discovery may lead to new liver cancer treatments targeting the Hippo pathway.
A Massachusetts General Hospital-led study found that regular aspirin use can significantly reduce the risk of developing primary liver cancer. The study analyzed data from over 133,000 participants and found a 49% reduction in relative risk for those taking two or more standard-dose tablets a week.
A research team has developed a novel peptide drug called FFW that shows promise in reducing tumour growth and slowing down the spread of cancer cells. The drug targets SALL4 protein interactions, previously considered undruggable, and has shown effective results in lab experiments.
A new potential combined treatment for Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) has shown positive results, increasing overall survival in tumor-bearing mice. Researchers found that the combination of mTOR inhibitors and Phenformin causes a metabolic shift to glycolysis, sensitizing liver tumors to dual inhibition of mTOR.
Kanazawa University researchers discover that interstitial and alveolar macrophages play key role in spreading liver cancer to lungs. The study reveals the production of inflammatory lipid leukotriene B4 promotes tumor growth and invasiveness, sparking hope for novel treatment approaches.
A novel technique called radiation segmentectomy (RS) uses yttrium-90 to destroy tumors while sparing surrounding tissue. The procedure has shown positive response in 71% of patients and improved survival outcomes, with a median overall survival of 6.7 years.
Researchers have discovered that acyclic retinoid targets EpCAM-positive cancer stem cells by repressing MYCN expression, slowing cell growth and leading to greater cell death. This finding has significant implications for decreasing cancer recurrence and curing patients.
A nationwide US study confirms a significant decrease in liver transplant probabilities for HCC patients between 2005-2007 and 2014-2016. Patients with Medicaid insurance were less likely to receive transplants than those with private/commercial insurance.
The SORAMIC study found no overall survival benefit of adding selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT) to sorafenib for patients with unresectable primary liver cancer. However, subgroup analyses suggested possible survival benefits in younger patients and those with certain cirrhosis characteristics.
A new assay using droplet digital PCR has been developed to detect closed circular DNA (cccDNA) in serum, single cells, and preserved tissue samples. This allows for the early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and more effective treatment.
Researchers developed personalized T cell adoptive immunotherapy for patients with HBV-related HCC, resulting in an objective positive response with volumetric reduction of lung lesions and no new lesions detected. The therapy showed promise with no therapy-related adverse events.
A Canadian study found that biannual ultrasound screening for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with hepatitis C-related liver cirrhosis after achieving a sustained virological response (SVR) to direct-acting antiviral agents is likely to be cost-effective. However, surveillance is unlikely to be cost-effective in patients wit...
Researchers identify dioxin receptor as a key protein controlling cancer stem cell pluripotency and tumour differentiation. The study's findings have implications for developing new therapeutic options for liver cancer and melanoma.
Researchers have developed a method to identify splicing-based biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common form of liver cancer. These biomarkers may help predict disease progression and are associated with poor patient survival.
Researchers found that mTOR stimulates liver tumor formation through increased lipid synthesis. The study shows how mTORC2 promotes the new synthesis of fatty acids and lipids in hepatocytes, enabling rapid cell growth and energy production.
Researchers have developed a new diagnostic method for early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma, based on a simple blood sample containing circulating tumor DNA. The test has been shown to highly correlate with tumor burden, treatment response, and stage of cancer.
Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma can start with a lower dose of sorafenib without affecting overall survival, experiencing fewer side effects and lower treatment costs. The reduced dose approach allows patients to ramp up as they show tolerance, while the standard dose may require ramping down due to toxicities.
A compound has been identified that enhances tumor-targeting viruses' ability to selectively kill liver cancer cells while sparing healthy ones. The oncolytic virus M1 was boosted by combining it with Eeyarestatin I, increasing its potency 3,600-fold against cancer cells in culture and animal models.
A new study identified over 11,000 miR-122 binding sites in a mouse model and found that three conserved target genes are associated with poor human HCC patient survival. The findings could help doctors predict liver cancer patient survival and develop an anticancer drug.
Researchers at Children's Hospital Los Angeles have successfully defined a rare pediatric malignant liver disease, HEMNOS, which showed positive treatment outcomes when treated like hepatoblastoma. The study found that all patients survived and achieved remission despite being considered high risk.
The SARAH trial found SIRT resulted in higher tumor response rates and controlled tumor progression compared to sorafenib, with better side-effect profiles and quality of life scores. However, it did not increase overall survival in HCC patients.
The CheckMate 040 study found that nivolumab produces durable responses with long-term survival rates of up to 59.9% in sorafenib-experienced patients with advanced HCC, regardless of Hepatitis B or C infection status.
Recent studies present contrasting evidence on DAA therapy's association with liver cancer. A study found a higher recurrence rate of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients who received DAAs, while another found no difference in HCC occurrence or recurrence between DAA and interferon-based therapies.
Research reveals liver progenitor cells become activated and expand due to oncogenic signals from malignant hepatocytes. Progenitor cells can lead to benign or aggressive tumours, contributing to tumour heterogeneity.
A new study links protein c-Fos to liver carcinogenesis, highlighting the importance of maintaining healthy cholesterol levels in preventing liver cancer. The research suggests that statins may also prevent deleterious changes in hepatocytes caused by hypercholesterolemia and reduce inflammation.