Articles tagged with Inflammatory Disorders
The Journal of the American Medical Association highlights the growing field of geroscience, which seeks to understand and address the biological mechanisms underlying aging. Researchers from the American Federation for Aging Research are leading the way in this area, exploring therapeutic interventions and extending healthspan.
Researchers have discovered a protein called RNF5 that drives intestinal inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). High levels of S100A8, another protein regulated by RNF5, are linked to disease severity and may serve as a potential diagnostic marker.
Research found that STAT3 is constitutively activated in CAEBV-infected T- or NK-cells, promoting cell survival and inflammation. Ruxolitinib inhibition blocks survival and reduces pro-inflammatory cytokine production, suggesting a potential therapeutic target for this fatal disorder.
A new study led by the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine finds that aspirin desensitization can also alleviate alcohol-induced allergies in patients with Aspirin Exacerbated Respiratory Disease (AERD). Following treatment, 86.5% of patients reported they could drink alcohol without experiencing symptoms.
Researchers discover a causal relationship between inflammatory responses in aging nerves and degenerative aging processes. The team found that reducing macrophage activity improves nerve structure and function, increasing mobility and quality of life for those affected by age-related muscle weakness.
Research published in Endocrine Connections found that individuals with type-1 diabetes and depression have higher galectin-3 levels, a protein involved in inflammatory immune responses. Elevated galectin-3 levels were also linked to an increased risk of inflammatory disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and cardiovascular disease.
Weizmann Institute of Science researchers found a natural defense mechanism that prompts the body to alleviate intestinal inflammation. Boosting signals in certain cells, such as those making up the inner lining of the gut, may help treat inflammatory bowel diseases and potentially even colon cancer.
A study at Osaka University has identified Sema6D as a crucial protein in the activation of macrophages that protect against inflammatory disorders. The research found that Sema6D plays a key role in the metabolic reprogramming necessary for M2-type macrophages to function properly, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target.
A new guideline from the American Academy of Neurology suggests that starting MS drugs early may be better than letting the disease run its course. Disease-modifying therapies can alter or change the course of MS, reducing relapses and slowing disease progression.
Researchers identified key molecular drivers in calcific aortic valve disease, including cells from the lamina fibrosa layer with high propensity to calcify. A precise omics-level molecular atlas of the aortic valve reveals potential therapeutic targets for developing pharmacological therapy.
Researchers at Osaka University have found that the double deletion of tetraspanins CD9 and CD81 in mice causes progressive aging and shortened lifespan. The study reveals that CD9/CD81 DKO mice develop an accelerated aging syndrome, with symptoms including emphysema, osteoporosis, and skin and muscle atrophy.
Research reveals inflammatory airway disease (IAD) is common among racehorses, even those without respiratory signs. The study of 95 deceased racehorses found most had some degree of IAD, suggesting all horses may be exposed to inflammation.
Researchers found that sucralose, a key ingredient in Splenda, promotes gut inflammation in mice with Crohn's-like disease, but has no effect on healthy mice. The study suggests that individuals with pro-inflammatory predispositions may be more susceptible to exacerbation of symptoms.
Scientists have discovered key regulators that control the inflammatory response in chronic diseases such as Crohn's disease and multiple sclerosis. The NOD2 pathway plays a critical role in detecting bacterial invaders, but faults in its regulation can lead to uncontrolled inflammation.
Researchers found that elevated frequencies of a specific protein-expressing T cell correlate with increased HIV infection risk and more severe disease in women. Existing treatments for inflammatory bowel disease may be repurposed as valuable interventions for HIV.
A new study found that brains of people with Huntington's disease (HD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) show similar responses to a lifetime of neurodegeneration, despite being distinct diseases. Most genes related to immune response and inflammatory pathways are common in both diseases.
An international study discovered five new regions of the genome associated with increased asthma risk, characterized by epigenetic marks on gene enhancers. The genetic variants also show associations with auto-immune diseases and inflammatory component diseases, highlighting the importance of pleiotropy in multifactorial diseases.
Researchers found that repeated low-grade bacterial infections can lead to severe inflammatory disease and potentially life-threatening colitis. The study also identified a link between Salmonella infection and an acquired deficiency of intestinal alkaline phosphatase, which accelerates inflammation.
Researchers at the University of Sydney have discovered unique micro-RNA molecules in the blood that can diagnose multiple sclerosis (MS) and predict its progression. These findings hold promise for developing a definitive diagnostic test, which could lead to earlier treatment and improved outcomes for people with MS.
Researchers at the National University of Singapore have discovered a critical molecular target for sphingosine-1-phosphate production, paving the way for regulating its signalling in circulation. Low levels of S1P have been linked to various immune and vascular diseases, including multiple sclerosis and cardiovascular complications.
Researchers discovered etosis in human blood monocytes, a type of immune cell that can project DNA outside the cell. This process has implications for understanding inflammation and potentially developing new diagnostic tools and therapeutic targets.
Researchers will investigate how loss of protective barrier protein TCPTP contributes to IBD and identify novel molecular pathways. They aim to correct intestinal barrier defects using JAK signaling pathway inhibitors, which are being tested in clinical trials.
Scientists have made a breakthrough in understanding the immune system's molecular mechanisms, providing new foundations for treating various diseases. The study reveals that 'toll-like receptors' play a key role in both protecting against infection and triggering pathological inflammatory responses.
Researchers at Nagoya University have identified a new category of genetic skin diseases characterized by autoinflammatory responses. These conditions reflect an uncontrolled primitive immune response that does not depend on external irritants, emphasizing the need for better understanding and effective treatments.
A new study reveals that particle-induced cell death depends on multiple redundant cathepsins, which can be blocked by inhibiting or silencing these enzymes in macrophages. The researchers found that several key proinflammatory events induced by sterile particles are blocked, including cell death.
The new technology uses electronically barcoded microparticles to test for biomarkers, bacteria, viruses, air contaminants and more. It aims to enable true labs on chips, smaller than a USB flash drive or an Apple Watch, for real-time health monitoring and diagnosis.
Researchers found chemokines can activate chemokine receptors in different ways, leading to varying responses and chronic inflammation. This discovery may lead to the development of anti-inflammatory drugs targeting specific molecules.
A recent study of 160 participants found that being overweight or obese increases the likelihood of having poor oral health. Patients with obesity were almost 6-times more likely to have severe periodontitis compared to normal-weight individuals.
New research published in the Journal of Leukocyte Biology found that smoking decreases frequencies of MAIT cells in healthy individuals and patients with multiple sclerosis. This discovery sheds light on the effects of smoking on the immune system, potentially revealing pathogenic mechanisms contributing to autoimmune diseases.
A recent study published in eLife provides a deeper understanding of p38α's structure and activation mechanism. The research reveals novel conformations that could be used to uncover new inhibitors, as well as important electrostatic interactions that may allow for alternative activation pathways with increased specificity.
A UC Riverside researcher has received a two-year grant to explore a therapeutic target for IBD patients with TCPTP mutations. The study aims to correct intestinal barrier defects and reduce inflammation in the intestine.
A new report links early life antibiotic use to inflammatory gut diseases in adulthood, finding that altered gut bacteria may increase the likelihood of conditions like IBD, asthma, and multiple sclerosis. The study adds evidence to suggest that modifying gut flora could be a treatment approach for some inflammatory diseases.
Gum disease and tooth loss are linked to a higher risk of death in postmenopausal women, according to new research. The study, which analyzed data from over 57,000 women, found that history of periodontal disease was associated with a 12% higher risk of death from any cause.
Researchers found that adding back beneficial bacteria can help end a cycle of unchecked inflammation, suggesting a new treatment for inflammatory bowel disease. The study suggests targeting the inflammation downstream of NLRP12 with anti-inflammatory drugs or feeding specific beneficial bacteria to potentially lead to treatments.
A new study found that a strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae can worsen intestinal damage in mouse models of colitis by causing elevated uric acid levels. Blocking this yeast strain may alleviate symptoms of inflammatory bowel disorders in some patients, according to the researchers.
Research using mutant zebrafish models human disease to show that changes in certain gut bacteria can cause intestinal inflammation. Transplanting beneficial bacteria and restoring gut neurons also cured the disease.
Researchers from the University of Turku identified new links between DNA variations and inflammation tracers, suggesting potential new treatments for diseases such as multiple sclerosis and Crohn's disease. The study used a large dataset to investigate the molecular processes underlying inflammatory diseases.
Scientists have identified a genetic variant that doubles an individual's risk of developing ulcerative colitis and uncovered novel genetic associations to IBD risk. The study provides clues on new drug targets for IBD treatment.
A genetic difference in the FADS1 gene affects levels of LDL- and HDL-cholesterol, as well as the risk for allergies, inflammatory diseases, and certain types of cancer. This imbalance is thought to have evolved over time due to changes in human diet.
IUPUI chemists have developed a new molecular binding technique that can shorten or abridge the human and animal drug discovery and development process. The new method, which uses site-selective C-H arylation of primary aliphatic amines, has potential benefits for both the pharmaceutical industry and patients.
Researchers used FDG PET-CT to assess anatomical structure and metabolic activity in a patient with GLILD, showing widespread metabolic activity affecting lymph nodes throughout the body. The study reveals that GLILD is a complex, highly metabolically active condition requiring optimal monitoring and treatment timing.
Researchers discovered a new signal path in the RAS that influences immune cells, specifically phagocytes, which play a key role in MS development. The Mas receptor's influence on macrophages could provide an anti-inflammatory treatment option for chronic inflammatory diseases.
A new study finds that inflammatory marker AGP better predicts mortality than IL-6, offering insights for personalized medicine. Researchers used data from 1997 to 2015 on 6545 adults aged 45-69, revealing the potential for inflammation markers to predict disease risk and death.
Scientists have identified chemical changes in DNA that can be detected in blood samples, paving the way for a simple test to aid diagnosis. The findings could lead to a blood test to screen people who show symptoms of bowel diseases, sparing further tests for those without the signatures.
A team of scientists, led by prof. Savvas Savvides, used integrative structural biology to study how GIF, a protein secreted by the Orf virus, inactivates key cytokines of the host immune system. The research reveals unique strategies that viruses use to counter antiviral responses and highlights great potential for innovative therapies.
Resveratrol, a compound found in red wine and grapes, has been shown to reduce inflammation induced by bacterial pathogens that cause respiratory diseases such as asthma and COPD. The study identified a novel mechanism by which resveratrol suppresses inflammation by upregulating a negative regulator called MyD88 short.
A new study reveals a significant relationship between chronic periodontitis and lacunar infarct, two common diseases affecting the elderly. The study suggests that periodontitis may lead to systemic inflammation, increasing the risk of developing cerebrovascular diseases.
The gut microbiome's impact on brain health and disease is a growing area of research. Dr. David Perlmutter discusses the link between the gut microbiome and conditions like Alzheimer's, ALS, and multiple sclerosis.
Autoinflammatory diseases are characterized by recurrent acute inflammatory episodes due to deregulation of the inflammatory process. Researchers have identified epigenetic alterations in cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes (CAPS), which could lead to the development of novel biomarkers for diagnosis and treatment.
Scientists at Hokkaido University found that ARL3 facilitates STAT3 transport into the nucleus, regulating gene expression and cell proliferation. This discovery offers promising candidates for novel therapies targeting STAT3-related diseases.
Researchers have discovered a signature of gut bacteria associated with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), a liver disease with no effective treatment. The findings may lead to a novel diagnosis tool and microbiota-based therapies, enabling better identification of PSC patients and personalized treatment approaches.
Non-inflammatory destructive periodontal disease (NIDPD) is a severe destructive periodontal disease marked by generalized gingival recession and periodontal pocket development. The disease's etiology is linked to endogenous opportunistic bacteria, anatomical factors, occlusion pattern, emotional stress, and mouth breathing condition.
A study published in Science has identified a key gene in the development of coeliac disease, found in 95% of non-coding DNA. The gene, 1nc13, regulates inflammatory response and its altered expression is associated with increased levels of pro-inflammatory genes.
Researchers have identified the genetic mutation causing PAAND, a rare inflammatory disease, and found that repurposed anti-arthritis drug anakinra can effectively treat the condition. The treatment was tested on a volunteer from an English family with striking results.
A new study has found a strong link between gum disease and increased rates of cognitive decline in people with early stages of Alzheimer's Disease. Periodontitis at baseline was associated with a six-fold increase in the rate of cognitive decline over a six-month follow-up period.
A large study found that hidradenitis suppurativa is associated with a higher risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes and death from all causes. Patients with HS were found to have a higher risk of cardiovascular-associated death compared to those with severe psoriasis. The study suggests greater awareness is needed for this association.
A study published in Nature Immunology identified Trabid, a protein regulator, as a key component in regulating interleukin genes and promoting autoimmune inflammation in multiple sclerosis patients. This finding suggests that Trabid may be a potential therapeutic target for treating inflammatory diseases such as MS.
IL-17A and Th17 cells contribute to renal injury, which can lead to permanent scarring in kidneys. Blocking IL-17A/F signaling shows promise as a novel therapy for immune-mediated renal diseases.
Researchers found that vitamin A converts 'angry' immune cells into inflammation suppressors, reducing the severity of necrotizing enterocolitis in mice. This discovery adds to evidence of vitamin A's anti-inflammatory properties and could lead to new treatments for premature infants with severe bowel disease.
A new microfluidic model of the human small airway has been developed to study COPD and asthma, allowing researchers to analyze disease mechanisms, identify biomarkers, and test new drug candidates. The model recapitulates critical features of asthma and COPD with unprecedented fidelity and detail.