Articles tagged with Inflammatory Disorders
Researchers discovered inhibiting or genetically deleting the MTHFD2 enzyme reduced disease severity in various inflammatory disease models. This suggests that MTHFD2 function is important for immune cell regulation, particularly for T cell subsets involved in inflammation.
Researchers found that albino mice with a mutated tyrosinase gene are more susceptible to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) than black mice. This study provides new insights into the genetic factors contributing to NASH and its progression.
A USF Health study reveals that fibrinogen can directly interact with neurons, leading to inflammation and neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease and traumatic brain injury. The researchers found that blocking the binding of fibrinogen to its receptors may alleviate short-term memory problems associated with these diseases.
Researchers identified two distinct clusters of patients with Prurigo nodularis: those with increased inflammation and those with a higher likelihood of spinal disease. This study suggests that personalized treatment approaches can be tailored to specific patient profiles.
A new study investigates the effects of cord blood cell transplantation and curcumin administration on Tay-Sachs disease. The results show an increase in enzyme production and a decrease in inflammation after transplantation, as well as improved symptoms and reduced GM2 ganglioside levels when combined with curcumin.
Researchers have identified a link between certain gut microbiome molecules and the immune system protein P-gp, which plays a critical role in gut inflammation. The study suggests that supporting a healthy balance of microbes in the gut may help regulate P-gp expression and prevent chronic inflammation.
Researchers at Osaka University studied mice with mutations in ADAR1 and found that impaired Z-RNA recognition contributed to abnormal growth, organ development, and chronic inflammation. This study highlights the importance of proper RNA editing and its relation to Aicardi-Goutières syndrome.
Researchers at Trinity College Dublin have identified a new molecule called 4-OI that can limit the production of prostaglandins from macrophages. This discovery could lead to the development of new anti-inflammatory compounds for treating diseases such as COVID-19 and sleeping sickness.
A University of Illinois Chicago clinical trial aims to evaluate the impact of a healthy diet on asthma management in adults. Participants with uncontrolled asthma will be assigned to either an education-only group or a group receiving dietary counseling and guidance on the DASH eating plan, a diet approach proven for hypertension mana...
Researchers discovered that skin-derived T cells can migrate into the bloodstream and cause inflammation in other organs, such as the intestine. The study provides new approaches to therapy and diagnostic options for stem cell transplantation.
Researchers at UC San Diego School of Medicine report that children with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) have normal T cell responses to the COVID-19 virus, contrary to previous hypotheses. This suggests that MIS-C may not be caused by an abnormal immune response to the virus.
Researchers at Uppsala University found that allergic stimulation activates mast cell precursor cells, which can produce cytokine IL-13 contributing to asthma development. This challenges the idea that only mature immune cells are involved in immune reactions.
Researchers have found that synthetic bile acid Nor-UDCA directly affects the immune system and reduces inflammation in chronic-inflammatory liver disease. The therapy also guides misdirected CD8-T cells back onto their correct path, allowing them to resume their normal function.
The USPSTF updates its recommendation to include low-dose aspirin use, which demonstrates reduced risks of perinatal death, and is consistent with its previous 2014 recommendation. Preeclampsia affects approximately 4% of pregnancies in the US and is a serious health complication.
A study found that 73% of hospitalized COVID-19 patients developed delirium, leading to lasting cognitive impairment and increased need for skilled nursing care. The disease itself, sedatives, and inflammation can contribute to this outcome.
Researchers identified a new cell type in human skin contributing to AD and psoriasis, highlighting potential therapeutic targets. The study revealed CD14+ type 3 dendritic cells co-producing IL1B and IL23A, essential for PSO pathogenesis.
The FDA has granted orphan drug status to Octagam 10%, the first and only IVIg treatment for adult dermatomyositis. The therapy is expected to become the first treatment option for adults with this rare disease, which affects approximately 10 out of every million U.S. residents.
Researchers found that hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) normalizes the gut microbiota of patients with IBD associated with XIAP deficiency. The study revealed that HCT decreases gut inflammation and restores diversity in gut microbiota, improving symptoms and quality of life for affected individuals.
A multicenter randomized trial showed acupuncture improved symptoms of moderate to severe CP/CPPS, with effects lasting over 24 weeks. Acupuncture was more effective than sham therapy in reducing symptoms and improving quality of life for men with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome.
Researchers used a hamster model to study COVID-19 lung damage, discovering that the immune system's response plays a crucial role in disease progression. They found that certain cells involved in lung immunity ingest the virus, triggering an inflammatory response that can be brought under control by T cells.
Researchers identified genes and cell types involved in rare inflammatory disease MIS-C in children following COVID-19 infection. The study found that specific immune cells are downregulated and associated with a sustained inflammatory response.
Researchers at Yale University discovered a rare childhood disorder that mimics inflammatory bowel disease, revealing the underlying genetic cause of chronic inflammation. The study identified ELF4 as a crucial regulator of inflammation, suggesting its role in multiple diseases.
The study found that a single-number quantitative measure, the inflammatory-age score, tracks well with a person's immunological response and the likelihood of incurring aging-related diseases. Blood levels of CXCL9, a cytokine secreted by certain immune cells, contribute more powerfully than any other clock component to the inflammato...
A research team from POSTECH and ImmunoBiome Inc. discovered a yeast-derived polysaccharide mixture that selectively suppresses inflammatory T-cells and induces regulatory T-cells with anti-inflammatory function. The study found that MGCP, the novel polysaccharide, effectively inhibits inflammatory diseases without major side effects.
Research suggests that an imbalance in gut microbiota, or dysbiosis, may play a significant role in the progression of Hidradenitis Suppurativa. The study found reduced abundance of certain bacteria in HS patients, leading to an inflammatory response.
Researchers from Skoltech, Italy, discovered a new axis for preventing liver fibrosis by targeting the GILZ protein. The study used mice models and verified findings with human clinical data, suggesting that controlling the signaling pathway involving GILZ could lead to treating inflammatory liver diseases.
Researchers discovered that Niemann-Pick type C disease is associated with neuroinflammation and impaired intracellular lipid transport, leading to the accumulation of lipids in the brain. The findings suggest a potential new approach for monitoring disease progression and response to therapy.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have discovered a key role of monocytes in sarcoidosis, revealing they can be potent TNF producers and predict disease outcome. This breakthrough opens possibilities for identifying biomarkers and more effective treatment strategies, potentially reducing cases of chronic sarcoidosis.
Scientists at La Jolla Institute for Immunology have found elongated neutrophil-derived structures (ENDS) in the blood of septic patients, which break off from immune cells and change shape as they course through the body. ENDS are 100-fold more detectable in sepsis patients than healthy individuals.
A team of researchers has discovered a drug-like compound that blocks the CD14 inflammatory protein, reducing inflammation and preventing cytokine storms in laboratory tests. The compound's potential as a new treatment for inflammatory diseases, including COVID-19, is being explored in pre-clinical trials.
Researchers discovered a potential strategy to prevent life-threatening inflammation, lung damage, and organ failure in patients with COVID-19. They identified specific cytokines that trigger inflammatory cell death pathways, leading to tissue damage and multi-organ failure. Treatment using existing drugs targeting these cytokines show...
A study published in Scientific Reports reveals that prepubertal male and female rats exhibit distinct immune responses to infection, with males exhibiting a more severe inflammatory reaction. The researchers suggest that the X chromosome may play a key role in determining this difference.
Researchers identified VEXAS, a severe inflammatory disease caused by UBA1 gene mutations, revealing devastating consequences. The genome-first approach helped uncover the link between disparate diagnoses in patients with undiagnosed inflammatory conditions.
A team of scientists at the University of Toronto has discovered the mechanism linking periodontal disease to other inflammatory conditions. The study found that neutrophil immune cell activity is the key factor connecting gum disease to heart disease, cancer, and other inflammatory conditions.
MIT researchers developed a new technique to recapture lost information from single-cell RNA-sequencing, enabling the extraction of 10 times more data per cell. This breakthrough helps identify subtle differences between healthy and dysfunctional cells, with potential applications in disease diagnosis and treatment.
Researchers at UC San Diego report that Kawasaki disease clusters have distinct demographic and clinical features, suggesting different triggers and genetic susceptibilities. The study's findings support the idea that KD is not a single homogenous disease, but rather a complex condition with multiple causes.
Research found that changes in cell populations and circulating inflammatory proteins are already partly present in older healthy individuals. The study identified markers that explain the high susceptibility of older individuals to severe COVID-19 and inform efforts to prevent and treat the disease.
Researchers have mapped the immune response in children with a rare and life-threatening inflammatory syndrome associated with COVID-19. The study found that the condition differs from Kawasaki disease and severe acute COVID-19, with distinct patterns of immune cell populations, inflammatory cytokines, and autoantibodies.
Adding corticosteroids to standard intravenous immunoglobulin treatment for high-risk Kawasaki disease patients can boost initial response and prevent complications. The combination approach reduced the need for a second course of therapy by 35% and the risk of coronary artery abnormalities by 47%.
Researchers discovered neuromedin B, a nervous system protein, prevents overactive immune responses and damaging inflammation in diseases like asthma, allergies, and COPD. The study provides hope for possible treatments using NMB to treat inflammatory diseases.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that captive black rhinoceroses have higher iron levels, inflammation, and oxidative stress compared to white rhinoceroses. This suggests a link between iron accumulation and the development of diseases like organ failure.
Researchers pinpointed a single gene biomarker, nitride oxide synthase 2 (NOS2), to distinguish between atopic dermatitis and psoriasis with 100% accuracy using adhesive tape strips. The study identifies distinct immune response markers for each disease.
A study found that type 1 interferon deficiency is a biomarker for patients at risk of severe COVID-19. Low levels of type 1 interferon in plasma precede clinical worsening and are characteristic of each stage of the disease, suggesting it could identify a high-risk population.
Scientists discovered that Staphylococcus epidermidis interacts with the immune system to promote wound healing and prevent inflammation. The study's findings may lead to therapies for conditions like atopic dermatitis and inflammatory bowel diseases, affecting millions worldwide.
A new study published in PNAS reveals that low levels of the cytokine IL-38 are associated with increased inflammation in the amygdala of children with autism spectrum disorder. This suggests that targeting IL-38 may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for treating autism.
Walter and Eliza Hall Institute researchers used advanced imaging to visualize MLKL's role in necroptosis, a form of cell death triggered by inflammation. They found that inherited variants of MLKL are connected to human inflammatory diseases and have been subject to evolutionary pressures.
The Pew Scholars Program in Biomedical Sciences supports early-career researchers with four-year funding for foundational research. This year's class of 22 scholars tackles complex questions in biomedicine, including aging differences between males and females, inflammatory disease trajectories, and temperature regulation mechanisms.
NHGRI researchers have identified genetic mutations associated with PFAPA syndrome, a periodic fever disorder that affects only children. The study reveals commonalities with other inflammatory conditions, including Behçet's disease and canker sores, and highlights the potential for new treatments and diagnostic tools.
Researchers are investigating the use of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) to treat COVID-19 patients experiencing respiratory failure. Preliminary data show promise in preventing mechanical ventilation and improving outcomes for critically ill patients.
A new study finds that e-cigarettes cause a proinflammatory response in the oral microbiome, coating commensal bacteria with slime and disrupting healthy colonization. The glycerol/glycol vehicle in e-cigarettes appears to drive these changes, according to researchers who analyzed bacterial genes in plaque samples from e-cigarette users.
Castleman Disease patients experience a cytokine storm that can cause fever, organ failure, and death. Researchers identified Type-I Interferons as highly active during flares and the JAK pathway as a critical mediator of the immune system's hyper-response.
A new project led by Murdoch Children's Research Institute has received a $525,000 grant to analyze lung samples from healthy and unwell children to describe lung inflammation in childhood disorders such as asthma and bronchiectasis. The study aims to inform strategies for improving clinical care and pulmonary health throughout life.
MIT biological engineers develop a multitissue model of the colon and liver, revealing how different tissues contribute to inflammatory diseases. The study finds that metabolic byproducts generated by bacteria play an important role in exacerbating inflammation.
A new study suggests that a diet rich in sugar increases the risk of both dental cavities and gum inflammation. Healthy eating habits should be prioritized to avoid expensive treatments.
Researchers have identified chronic inflammation as the primary driver of accelerated aging, leading to a range of diseases including Alzheimer's, atherosclerosis and cancer. This discovery opens up new avenues for early diagnosis, prevention and treatment of these conditions.
Researchers discovered an alternate mechanism by which the molecule RIPK1 triggers cell death in infected or damaged cells. The finding breaks existing dogma that RIPK1 kinase activity is required for cell death and holds promise for treating inflammatory diseases and cancer.
Researchers develop a new approach to alter intestinal microbiota and vaccinate against chronic inflammatory diseases, including inflammatory bowel diseases and obesity. Targeted immunization against bacterial flagellin has been shown to beneficially alter the composition and function of the intestinal microbiota.
A study published in EMBO Molecular Medicine suggests that blocking the protease MT1-MMP could protect the vasculature in the inflamed gut and reduce severity of colitis. The research found that inhibiting this protease could have potential clinical implications, including identifying biomarkers for mild IBD.
Researchers describe how ancestral origins impact the likelihood of developing immune-related diseases, including Crohn's disease and cardiovascular diseases. The human immune system is evolving depending on a person's location or lifestyle, leading to new diseases emerging as our lifespans increase.
A research team at Trinity College Dublin has discovered that PKM2 is a central 'on' switch for immune cells involved in psoriasis and multiple sclerosis. Interfering with PKM2 blocks these cells and limits inflammation, offering new potential treatments for these diseases.