Articles tagged with Gut Microbiota
A recent study reveals differences in gut bacteria between children with and without multiple sclerosis. Key findings include an association between MS and increased inflammatory bacteria, as well as decreased anti-inflammatory bacteria. The discovery may pave the way for new therapeutic approaches by identifying novel drug targets.
A systematic review of seven randomized controlled trials found little evidence of an effect of probiotics on the gut microbiota of healthy adults. The study suggested that measuring the effect of probiotics in healthy individuals is more difficult due to the lack of a clear definition of a normal or healthy fecal microbial community.
Parasitic worms, or helminths, have been found to beneficially influence the composition of gut microbiota in individuals with inflammatory bowel disease. By infecting mice deficient in a gene that models Crohn's disease, researchers discovered that these parasites restore a compromised layer of mucus and intestinal cell morphology.
Early antibiotic use can permanently alter the diversity of children's immune cells, potentially leading to increased risks of inflammatory bowel disease and allergies. The study aims to understand how antibiotics impact T cell education and balance in the gut microbiota.
A new animal study finds that exposure to triclocarban, a common ingredient in antibacterial soap, can alter the composition of intestinal bacteria and other micro-organisms in offspring. The study suggests that this disruption may have unintended health consequences, including changes in obesity, diabetes, and asthma.
A new study in mice suggests that a mother's microbiome shapes her offspring's immune system. The research found that maternal antibodies facilitate the transmission and retention of microbial molecules from a mother to her offspring.
Despite increased demand, medical professionals are unable to recommend vaginal seeding due to the lack of evidence. Research suggests a potential risk of transferring harmful bacteria to the baby via swabbing, and there is currently only one ongoing study into its effects.
A new study reveals that the transition to family foods drives gut microbiota development in infants, rather than maternal obesity. The study found that breastfeeding duration and complementary diet composition played key roles in shaping the infant's gut microbiome.
A recent study found that a mother's diet during pregnancy and lactation significantly affects the composition of her breast milk microbiome. The researchers speculate that this may contribute to the establishment of the infant's gut microbiome, potentially influencing their disease susceptibility. The study provides new insights into ...
The study found that antibiotic use in early childhood alters the composition of intestinal microbiota, reducing biodiversity and affecting age-driven development. Macrolide antibiotics were particularly associated with changes in microbiota features linked to obesity and metabolic diseases.
A study published in Molecular Nutrition and Food Research found that rats who cycled between healthy and junk food diets over 16 weeks showed similar gut microbiota changes to those fed junk food continuously. The researchers suggest targeting certain gut bacteria may help treat metabolic disorders.
A Georgia State University researcher is investigating how the adaptive immune system can control intestinal bacteria to prevent inflammation in the gut. The project aims to identify a way to activate the mucosal immune system to reduce levels of bacteria with high potential to promote inflammation.
Researchers at Université de Genève found that cold exposure alters microbiota composition, leading to increased brown fat activation, improved insulin sensitivity, and weight loss. The discovery highlights the key role of Akkermansia muciniphila in regulating nutrient absorption and may lead to new anti-obesity treatments.
Two studies found that a specific gut bacteria, Bifidobacterium, is positively associated with anti-tumor T cell responses and upregulates genes critical for anti-tumor responses. Fecal transplants also slowed tumor growth in mice treated with immunotherapy agents.
Experts share insights on fecal microbiota transplantation, Clostridium difficile infection, and constipation management. Key findings highlight predictors of treatment failure and the cost-effectiveness of competing strategies for managing multiply recurrent C. difficile infections.
A study by researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine found that different treatments for Crohn's disease in children have distinct effects on their gut microbiome. The use of antibiotics suppressed bacterial growth but facilitated fungal growth, while immunosuppressant medications reduced inflammation and bacteri...
A Georgia State University researcher is investigating the impact of emulsifiers on gut microbiota, leading to chronic inflammatory diseases and metabolic syndrome. The study aims to determine how emulsifiers alter the intestinal tract's relationship with beneficial bacteria.
Scientists have discovered that the gut microbiome of right whales and other baleen species shares traits with both cows and meat-eating predators. This dual microbial community enables whales to digest not only copepods but also their chitin-rich shells, providing a significant nutritional benefit.
A new study found that daily changes in mouse gut bacteria are linked to the internal clock and gender. The researchers analyzed circadian rhythms in abundance and type of microbiota in mice and found that female mice showed more significant oscillation than males.
A study found that severe burns alter bacteria populations dramatically, leading to a decrease in beneficial bacteria and an increase in potentially harmful Enterobacteriaceae. This imbalance may contribute to sepsis and other infectious complications in burn patients.
A study by University of Pennsylvania researchers found that maternal stress during pregnancy can 'reprogram' the developing brains of her children through changes in the vaginal microbiome. This initial exposure affects gut microbiota, metabolism, and brain development.
Research suggests that maternal stress during pregnancy can impact offspring gut and brain development by altering the vaginal microbiome. This study found disruptions in both maternal and offspring gut microbiota composition, leading to metabolic reprogramming of the gut and brain.
Giant pandas have a carnivore-like gut microbiota that can't efficiently digest bamboo due to the lack of genes for plant-digesting enzymes in their genome. Their gut diversity is also lower compared to other herbivores, leading to nutritional challenges and increased risk of extinction.
Recent studies show that breast milk contains beneficial bacteria to protect infants from diseases, while probiotics may restore balance in the gut and improve psychiatric symptoms in autism. Research also highlights the connection between gut microbiota and cancer prevention and treatment, as well as diet and intestinal health.
Research suggests that African American men with pre-diabetic blood sugar levels have fewer beneficial and more harmful intestinal bacteria. The study found that a specific microbiota is associated with stable, normal blood glucose levels, while a different profile is linked to pre-diabetes.
A study by North Carolina State University, Indiana University and Wellesley College found that the gut microbiome of honey bee queens remains consistent regardless of environment. The researchers characterized the microbiome throughout the queen's development, from larval stage to emergence as adults.
Researchers found that gut microbiota affects mucus barrier properties in mice, with different microbial compositions leading to varying levels of protection against bacterial invasion. The study suggests that a well-developed inner mucus layer is crucial for overall health and highlights the importance of the gut microbiota composition.
A new study links molecular signaling pathways in the gut, intestinal microbiome, and development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Disruption of the gut microflora prevented NAFLD in mice fed a high-fat diet, suggesting that altering microbial populations may protect against the disease.
Researchers found a link between gut microbiota and Parkinson's disease, with patients having lower levels of Prevotellaceae bacteria and higher levels of Enterobacteriaceae family in their intestines. The study suggests that intestinal dysfunction may be part of the pathology and potentially related to the progression of the disease.
Researchers at Georgia State University and Cornell University found that promoting healthy gut microbiota can treat or prevent metabolic syndrome. The study used an improved technical approach to show that altered bacterial populations promote low-grade inflammation and metabolic syndrome.
Researchers found that gut microbiome analysis successfully distinguished healthy individuals from those with precancerous adenomatous polyps and invasive colorectal cancer. The composition of the gut microbiome was different for each group, leading to improved prediction of colorectal cancer presence.
Researchers found a strong connection between post-transplant gut microbiota diversity and outcomes, with patients having low diversity more likely to die from transplant-related causes. The study suggests that preserving gut microbiota diversity may improve stem cell transplant outcomes.
Researchers have discovered that populating GI tracts with Bacteroides species producing beta-lactamase enzyme protects good commensal bacteria from antibiotics. This finding suggests a potential new strategy for preserving the gut microbiome during antibiotic treatment.
A study of professional rugby players found that exercise increased the diversity of gut microbiota, which was positively correlated with a favourable metabolic profile and immune system response. Higher dietary protein intake also played a role in this association.
A recent study suggests that chronic disruption of circadian rhythms may contribute to inflammatory bowel disease and other harmful conditions. Consuming a high-fat, high-sugar diet can worsen the effects of circadian rhythm disruption on intestinal flora.
A new study found that breastfeeding promotes the development of beneficial bacteria in babies' guts, which may help prevent obesity, allergies, and other diseases later in life. The study, led by Professor Kim F. Michaelsen, examined gut microbiota in 330 Danish children over three years.
Researchers found that gut microbiota diversity and interaction networks vary significantly between children with and without autoantibodies, influencing the body's immune system. The study suggests that identifying parameters affecting negative microbiome characteristics can lead to new approaches in preventing autoimmune processes.
A study found that toxigenic C. difficile bacteria persistently colonize infants' guts for more than six months, posing a risk of spreading to vulnerable adults. The bacteria can cause severe disease in elderly individuals and those undergoing broad-spectrum antibiotics.
Researchers found that diet complexity affects gut bacteria composition, with complex diets promoting beneficial Lactobacillales and simple diets increasing harmful Proteobacteria. The study suggests steroid hormone nuclear receptors play a role in microbiota maintenance.
Low birth weight infants exhibit microbiome differentiation in their mouths, gut, and skin by day 15 after birth. The gut microbiome plays a significant role in this process, with changes driven by bacterial types associated with newborn infections and necrotizing enterocolitis.
A study published in Nature found that patients with type 2 diabetes have an altered gut microbiota, which can predict the risk of developing diabetes. The researchers developed a new model to analyze the metagenome and distinguish between patients with type 2 diabetes and healthy women.
A study published in PLOS Computational Biology found a link between the composition of an infant's gut microbiota and their growth rate. The researchers identified specific bacterial groups associated with expected or reduced growth rates, shedding light on the potential impact of early life gut microbiota on infant development.
Researchers are working to improve study design and sample collection to better understand the composition and effects of the gut microbiota. The American Gastroenterological Association hosted a World Summit on Gut Microbiota For Health, where experts discussed future research directions.
Functional bowel disorders affect 50% of patients consulting a gastroenterologist. Recent research suggests that gut microbiota plays a significant role in these conditions. The AGA reports on the latest findings and potential therapeutic avenues.
Fecal microbiota transplantation has been shown to be highly effective in treating recurrent Clostridium difficile infections, with over 90% of patients being cured within a short period. The treatment offers a rapidly acting alternative to standard antibiotic treatments.
A new study found that infants born by cesarean delivery and those strictly formula-fed have different gut bacteria than those delivered vaginally and breastfed. The researchers suggest that these early-life influences may impact the development of conditions like asthma, obesity, and type 1 diabetes.
A study published in Applied and Environmental Microbiology found that changes in dietary cholesterol can alter the gut flora, leading to a shift in bacterial populations. The researchers discovered that this change triggered an increase in cholesterol excretion into the gut, which in turn affected the abundance of certain bacterial taxa.
Research suggests that pregnant women's gut microbes become less diverse and healthier bacteria decrease in abundance over time, promoting energy storage and supporting fetal growth. These changes can have negative consequences outside of pregnancy, leading to conditions like type 2 diabetes.
The study reveals that gut microbiota modulates bile acid synthesis by altering the bile acid pool composition, reducing FXR inhibition in the small intestine.
A study presented at the International Liver Congress 2012 suggests that gut microbiota transplantation can prevent the development of type 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The study found that transplanting microbiota from healthy mice prevented insulin resistance and liver inflammation in germ-free mice.
A study by Caroline Karlsson found that rats fed a specific lactic acid bacteria HEAL19 had significantly less weight and inflammation compared to those without the bacteria. Additionally, babies born vaginally have lactobacilli in their gut flora as early as two days after birth.
Research reveals a strong association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and both increased intestinal permeability and bacterial overgrowth in the small intestine. The study suggests that these factors contribute to the severity of steatosis, but not to more severe liver diseases like steatohepatitis or fibrosis.
A study found that treating cirrhotic patients with synbiotics or fermentable fiber can alter the gut flora, lowering ammonia levels and improving clinical signs of brain and liver dysfunction. The treatments were effective in reversing minimal hepatic encephalopathy in 50% of patients, compared to 13% in the placebo group.