Articles tagged with Nerve Fibers
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Estrogen activates previously unknown pathways in the colon, triggering pain and increasing sensitivity to certain foods. This explains why women are more likely to suffer from IBS and provides potential new ways to treat the condition.
A recent study found that preserving just one centimeter of corpus callosum fibers is enough to maintain information exchange between the two brain hemispheres, preventing neurological symptoms. The research challenged long-held assumptions about the relationships between brain structure and function.
Scientists analyzed thousands of proteins in blood samples to understand when multiple sclerosis attacks the myelin sheath and nerve fibers. Researchers identified a protein called IL-3, which plays a key role in this early phase of damage.
Scientists have identified two compounds, K102 and K110, that could promote remyelination and modulate immune function in multiple sclerosis. These compounds showed promising results in mouse models and human cells, suggesting potential for treating MS and possibly other neurological diseases.
A study by UC Riverside researchers identifies a strong connection between demyelination and seizure activity in multiple sclerosis. The findings suggest targeted treatments could address the root cause of seizures without suppressing overall brain activity.
Researchers found that cancer cells break down nerve protective covers, triggering chronic inflammation and immune exhaustion, making treatment resistant. Targeting the nerve injury pathway can reverse this resistance and improve treatment response.
Researchers at Umeå University found that muscles sense mechanical pressure, challenging current understanding of proprioception. The 'triple-eight' technique involves applying low pressure and releasing it to relieve muscle stiffness.
Researchers at Duke University have developed a computer model that simulates nerve responses to electrical stimulation, enabling the efficient design of more effective and targeted neuromodulation therapies. The new tool, called S-MF, runs thousands of times faster than current industry standards without sacrificing accuracy or detail.
Researchers developed tiny, flexible devices that can wrap around individual nerve fibers without damaging them. The robotic nerve cuffs are sensitive enough to grasp delicate nerves and only require tiny voltages to change shape.
Researchers at Tokyo Medical and Dental University develop a genome-editing technique that decreases PMP22 protein levels in patient cells, potentially reversing CMT-related changes. The study aims to improve myelination abilities and reduce symptoms in patients with CMT type 1A.
Researchers at Salk Institute uncover a mechanism for repairing damaged nerves during peripheral neuropathy, with protein Mitf playing a key role. The findings have the potential to inspire novel therapeutics that bolster repair function and heal peripheral neuropathy.
A study published in Diabetologia found that bariatric surgery can regenerate damaged nerves and improve metabolic risk factors related to diabetes. Peripheral neuropathy, a condition affecting over 30 million Americans, showed improvements two years after the procedure.
Researchers at Aarhus University are developing a novel treatment for multiple sclerosis by spinning artificial nerve fibers using electro-spun fibres. The goal is to restore nerve impulses quickly, as the myelin sheath deteriorates with age.
Researchers at Hokkaido University identify a nerve pathway in the brain stem involved in processing rewarding and distressing stimuli, opposing a previously identified pathway. This finding could lead to developing drug treatments for mental disorders like addiction and major depression.
Scientists have identified genes that enable proprioception, a crucial sense for coordinated movement and balance. The discovery could lead to better understanding of neurological disorders such as spinal cord injuries, scoliosis, and hip dysplasia, ultimately enabling the development of novel therapies.
A research team at MedUni Vienna's Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery has discovered a previously unknown ability of the autonomic nervous system to spontaneously restore muscle function following a nerve injury. This finding may form the basis for improving interventions to treat nerve lesions.
Researchers found that nerve damage in the cornea increases with glucose metabolism impairment and blood sugar levels, suggesting early detection may delay or prevent complications. The study suggests high blood sugar levels can begin to damage corneal nerves long before type 2 diabetes develops.
Schwann cells in nerve healing take over immune cell functions to prevent excessive tissue damage and promote regeneration. Similarly, they may stop chronic inflammation in childhood nerve tumors, making them benign. Schwann cells can also regulate T-cell activity, potentially curbing cancer growth.
Researchers at City University of Hong Kong have identified the key mechanism behind roundworms' precise bowel movements, revealing a synchronized nerve impulse between the brain and gut. The study found that the AVL nerve cell in the head regulates the defecation rhythm by relaying and modulating pacemaker signals from the gut.
Researchers developed a technology that uses surviving neurons to restore connection between brain and arm via specific stimulation pulses to the spinal cord. This allowed macaque monkeys with partial arm paralysis to improve precision, force, and range of movement in their arms.
Researchers developed a word-score model to estimate the amount of hidden hearing loss, or cochlear nerve damage, in humans. The model uses average speech scores as a function of age from nearly 96,000 ears examined at Mass Eye and Ear.
A Korean study of 430 adults found that thicker macular retinal nerve fiber layers were associated with faster cognitive decline. The researchers suggest this finding could inform predictive biomarkers for evaluating cognitive function in older adults.
Researchers found that dolphin females have a functional clitoris, with large areas of erectile tissue, nerves, and free nerve endings similar to those in human clitoris. The study suggests that the dolphin clitoris plays a role in female sexual pleasure, providing insights into animal sexuality.
Researchers at Hebrew University developed a novel approach to mapping brain white matter fiber architecture using Nissl staining. The technique, called Nissl-ST, reveals the hidden patterns and organization of glial cells in white matter, opening new avenues for studying brain development, aging, and neurodegenerative diseases.
A study published in the British Journal of Ophthalmology found nerve fibre damage and an increase in dendritic cells on the eye surface may be identifying features of 'long COVID'. Patients with neurological symptoms showed greater corneal nerve fibre loss and higher dendritic cell density compared to those without symptoms.
Researchers discover that cytotoxic CD8+ T cells contribute to aging-related degeneration in the central nervous system, leading to motor and cognitive decline. The study provides a potential therapeutic target for mitigating age-related decline.
A new study suggests that nerves responsible for sensing touch and pain may contribute to the development of autism. The exploratory study found that people with autism have differences in their sensory perception, including reduced nerve fiber density and altered responses to heat and touch.
Researchers at Lund University have used synchrotron light to create high-resolution 3D images of nerve fibers in diabetes. The study reveals that damaged nerve fibers grow back in a spiral pattern, leading to regenerative clusters. Understanding this process could lead to new treatment principles for diabetes-related nerve damage.
Researchers recreated a three-dimensional image of brain connectivity using tissue scattering and biophysical models. The findings enhance scientists' ability to conceptualize the brain's architecture by allowing the creation of high-resolution images of nerve fiber arrangements.
A complex interaction within Schwann cells has been discovered, which plays a vital role in the correct maturation of these cells. This interaction ensures that DNA is packaged correctly and marked accordingly, leading to proper transport of genetic information.
A recent study published in PLOS Biology explores how texture affects the way we perceive speed when touching objects. The researchers found that finer textures produce more vibrations in the skin, leading to a greater perceived speed. This is because specific nerve fibers in the skin are highly sensitive to these vibrations.
A new study published in Science Advances found that humans have a rapid pain-signaling system that can conduct nerve signals as fast as touch signals. Researchers identified ultrafast pain receptors with properties similar to those of touch-sensitive nerve cells, which were connected to pain centers in the brain.
Researchers have discovered that nerve fibers and associated Schwann cells are the origin of severely disfiguring neurofibromas in NF1 patients. The study found micro-lesions containing these nerve fibers and cells proliferate to form the bulk of the disfiguring neurofibromas.
Diattenuation Imaging enables precise investigation of brain tissue by measuring polarization-dependent attenuation of light. The method distinguishes between regions with thin and thick nerve fibers, aiding in the study of neurodegenerative diseases like multiple sclerosis.
Researchers have made a breakthrough in treating nerve damage by combining neurosurgical repair with gene therapy, which stimulates the survival of nerve cells and regeneration of nerve fibers. The discovery is an important step towards developing a new treatment for people with nerve damage.
The EPFL-developed nerve-on-a-chip platform enables rapid recording of hundreds of nerve responses with a high signal-to-noise ratio. The platform can also record individual nerve cell activity, enabling the development of more effective neuroprosthetics for treating chronic pain and regenerating peripheral nerves.
A University of Guelph study discovered that muscle sympathetic nerve activity increases in over-trained athletes after overload training, hindering performance. In contrast, recreational triathletes and cyclists who followed a consistent training regime showed improved fitness and cardiovascular health.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital have found that immunoglobulin infusions can improve pain and function in patients with autoimmune small-fiber polyneuropathy (SFPN), a condition previously thought to be idiopathic. The treatment has shown significant symptom relief for 75% of patients, allowing some to discontinue treatment.
A computer model developed by neuroscientists at the University of Chicago can simulate the entire nerve response of the hand to any pattern of touch stimulation, providing insights into how the nervous system perceives touch. This tool will enable scientists to create realistic touch sensations in bionic hands for amputees.
A study published in Neurology found that omega-3 supplements derived from seal oil increased corneal nerve fibre length by 29% in patients with Type 1 diabetes. This increase is considered a biomarker for small nerve fibre regeneration and may suggest the potential of this supplement to have regenerative effects.
Researchers have identified a potential trigger of immune-mediated neuropathies, a chronic form of nerve disorder, as antibodies against the protein Caspr. The discovery could lead to targeted treatment for sufferers and improved diagnosis through simple blood tests.
Scientists have created a high-tech material that connects neurons in vitro and is compatible with living organisms in vivo. The 'carbon sponge' stimulates growth of nerve fibers and enables functional connections between different neural populations.
A recent study published in NeuroImage tracked the rate of myelination in children's brains, revealing insights into the rapid growth of nerve fibers during childhood. The findings have implications for understanding neurodevelopmental disorders and diseases like multiple sclerosis and leukodystrophies.
A new study published in JAMA Neurology found that even prediabetes can cause nerve damage in people with small fiber neuropathy, challenging the conventional wisdom of how nerves deteriorate. The research showed that patients with prediabetes lost about 10% of their nerve fiber density each year, similar to those with diabetes.
Researchers found that the adult brain's natural plasticity can compensate for a near-complete loss of auditory nerve fibers, restoring sensitivity to faint sounds but not complex sounds like speech. The brain's 'amplifier' at higher stages of processing acts as an amplifier, increasing sound detection abilities within normal limits.
Researchers developed a rehabilitative approach that boosted nerve fiber growth and trained animals to grip again after a large stroke. The study found that timing and training are crucial factors for successful recovery, with early application of growth stimulators triggering increased sprouting and growth of nerve fibers.
Corneal nerve fiber assessment has great potential as a tool to diagnose and monitor peripheral neuropathy induced by HIV, say scientists at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. The study found that SIV-infected macaque model showed decreased corneal nerve fiber density and correlated with epidermal nerve fiber length.
Scientists have identified a new approach to treating multiple sclerosis by boosting oligodendrocyte precursor cells, which can repair damaged nerve fibers. A Parkinson's disease drug called benztropine was highly effective in treating a standard model of MS in mice, both alone and in combination with existing therapies.
A study by researchers from IDIBELL and University of Barcelona found that language learning depends on the structure and function of the arcuate fasciculus, a bundle of nerve fibers connecting auditory regions with motor areas. Individuals with more myelinated connections in this area performed better at word learning.
A new MRI model reveals why images are sensitive to nerve fiber direction and allows for detailed information about fiber size and direction. This discovery will help clinicians recognize lesions and tailor scans to patients with specific needs.
Scientists at the University of Edinburgh have proved a 60-year-old theory about how nerve signals are sent around the body at varying speeds. The study found that longer distances between gaps in myelin lead to faster signal transmission, providing insight into nerve damage and development.
Researchers at Purdue University found that hearing impairment causes the inner ear's neurons to work harder in noisy environments. The study used chinchillas to measure physiological markers and confirmed a decrease in temporal coding of sounds with background noise.
Researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital have discovered a potential new weight loss surgery alternative using capsaicin, which significantly reduced visceral abdominal fat and total body fat in lab tests. The procedure, vagotomy or vagal de-afferentation, may offer fewer side effects than traditional bariatric surgeries.
A study published in Human Brain Mapping found that damaged corpus callosum and impaired interhemispheric communication hinder motor skill recovery in stroke patients. The researchers used imaging methods to show increased activity on both sides of the brain and lower tapping speed in stroke patients compared to healthy controls.
Researchers at the University of Edinburgh identified a critical protein that maintains nerve fibre health, potentially improving understanding of neurodegenerative disorders. The discovery could lead to new insights into conditions like epilepsy, dementia, and stroke by unraveling the complexities of brain function.
Researchers at Stanford University successfully induced normal patterns of muscle contraction using light, reproducing the natural firing order of motor-nerve fibers. This technique could lead to practical applications for restoring movement in people with physical disabilities, such as stroke or spinal-cord injuries.
Researchers have discovered a quick and accurate way to diagnose endometriosis by testing for nerve fibres in endometrial biopsies. The test shows high specificity and sensitivity, potentially reducing lengthy delays in diagnosis and improving treatment planning.
Researchers found a specialized nerve fiber in skin that transmits stroking signals directly to the brain, potentially explaining why touching can relieve pain. The study used microneurography to analyze nerve signals and found that increased frequency of these signals led to increased pleasantness.
Researchers at the University of Bonn found that the brain's 'wiring' plays a significant role in shaping personality traits and behavior. Individuals with well-developed neural connections between the ventral striatum and hippocampus tend to be more open to new experiences and seek out challenges.
Researchers have discovered that RNA interference (RNAi) regulates local protein synthesis in axonal nerve fibers, enabling the repair of damaged nerves. This breakthrough provides new hope for treating degenerative disorders and injuries affecting the nervous system.