Articles tagged with Spinal Column
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers used 3D printing to create a model of a patient's lower spine, allowing for successful insertion of a catheter for spinal cord stimulation. The technique may provide additional information to improve access in cases where standard approaches prove difficult.
A new study at the University of Texas at Austin reveals that humans have an adaptive coordinate system that rescales its internal map according to the environment's size. This flexibility allows humans to navigate diverse places with ease. The research provides valuable insights into the human memory and spatial navigation, shedding l...
Researchers have developed a degradable bone scaffold from sea urchin spines that promotes bone formation and easily degrades, overcoming limitations of current bioceramics. The study's findings could lead to the design of new bone repair materials with improved strength and properties.
A new study found that patients with spinal deformity are at greater risk for dislocation or revision surgery after hip replacement. The researchers analyzed 107 patients with sagittal spinal deformity who underwent 139 hip replacements, finding an 8% dislocation rate and a 5.8% revision surgery rate.
Scientists at Max Planck Florida Institute for Neuroscience created new molecular biosensors to study the activity of ERK and PKA proteins in dendritic spines. The team found that these proteins' activity spreads along the length of the dendrite, influencing nearby spines.
The supplement highlights emerging topics such as osteobiologics, robotics, and neuromodulation, aiming to minimize bias and provide varied perspectives. A unique study establishes the cost-benefit relationship for spine procedures.
Patients with low back pain that radiates to the buttock, groin, thigh, and knees may have complex 'hip-spine syndrome'. A comprehensive physical examination and imaging studies can help diagnose the primary cause of pain. The article recommends considering both hip and spine conditions in diagnosis and treatment.
A 480-million-year-old slug-like fossil in Morocco has been discovered, providing new insights into the evolution of molluscs. The fossil, Calvapilosa kroegeri, features a radula and short spines, suggesting that its ancestor was single-shelled and covered in bristle-like spines.
Scientists have unearthed a 480-million-year-old creature named Calvapilosa, an early offshoot of the line leading to modern coat-of-mail shells or chitons. The discovery sheds light on the evolutionary history of mollusks, which includes squids, octopuses, snails, and clams.
Researchers at Max Planck Florida Institute for Neuroscience developed a new software to automate the process of observing and quantifying long-term structural plasticity in dendritic spines. The software allows for efficient imaging and stimulation of multiple dendritic spines simultaneously, increasing productivity and reducing costs.
Scientists found that reduced TMEM108 protein expression leads to imprecise communication between neurons, contributing to schizophrenia-like symptoms. Adding AMPA receptor-boosting drug restored healthy spines in mice.
A study published in Spine found that surgery significantly improves sex life-related pain and disability in patients with degenerative spinal conditions. After three months, less than 20% of patients still experienced pain, compared to 40% without surgery. The improvement persisted for four years.
A team of scientists has restored intentional walking movement to a temporarily paralyzed leg in rhesus macaques using a wireless brain-spinal interface. The system uses signals recorded from the motor cortex of the brain to trigger coordinated electrical stimulation of nerves in the spine responsible for locomotion.
A NASA-funded study found that prolonged spaceflight leads to significant atrophy of the muscles supporting the spine, resulting in increased back pain and spinal disc disease. Despite no change in disc height, these changes may be preventable through core-strengthening exercises or yoga.
Researchers have identified an autocrine signaling system within single dendritic spines, leading to spine enlargement and activation of signaling molecules. The findings reveal a three-molecule model of structural plasticity, implicating the localized, coincident activation of Rac1, Cdc42, and RhoA proteins.
Researchers at Duke University discovered a new molecular mechanism by which the brain forms memories, involving the growth of neural connections. The study's findings may lead to better understanding and treatment of diseases such as epilepsy.
A team of researchers has built a mathematical model that describes the molecular events associated with the beginning stage of learning and memory formation. The study focuses on dendritic spines, which are dynamic structures changing in size, shape, and number during development and aging.
A research team at the Krembil Research Institute has discovered two tissue biomarkers that directly contribute to harmful joint degeneration associated with spine osteoarthritis. Elevated levels of these biomarkers cause inflammation, cartilage destruction, and collagen depletion.
A study published in the Journal of Bone and Mineral Research found that heritability of thoracic spine curvature is significant, with a heritability score of 54%, suggesting genetic control. This discovery may inform prevention efforts for hyperkyphosis, a condition causing breathing, walking, and daily life difficulties.
A new ant species reminiscent of 'Game of Thrones' dragons has been identified in the tropical rainforests of Papua New Guinea. The researchers used X-Ray microtomography to create virtual specimens, enabling them to analyze and share findings with scientists worldwide.
Two new, highly adorned ant species, Pheidole viserion and Pheidole drogon, have been discovered in New Guinea. These 'dragon-like' ants feature large, distinctive spines that may help support their massive heads.
Research suggests that people with chronic low back pain are more likely to use illicit drugs, including marijuana, cocaine, and methamphetamine. Those with a history of illicit drug use are also more likely to have a prescription for opioid analgesics.
A look-back study suggests that a major operation to fuse the spines of children with rare, early-onset scoliosis can be eliminated in many cases. In the study, 26 out of 30 patients who opted out of the final fusion procedure had their spines stay straight over three to seven years of follow-up.
Water fleas, such as Daphnia, grow defensive structures like helmets and spines in response to predator chemical cues. This 'arming' process allows them to tailor their defenses to specific predators, potentially affecting ecosystem composition and population dynamics.
A study analyzing hip fracture patients found a nearly 15% increase in anti-osteoporosis medication prescriptions and a 14% decline in subsequent fractures after the introduction of generic alendronic acid. Notably, this was accompanied by a 22% reduction in hip fractures.
A recent study cataloged 18 independent evolutions of venom in freshwater and saltwater fishes, highlighting opportunities for therapeutic applications. The research also found that venom is predominantly used for defense rather than offense, with some species using it to debilitate prey.
Researchers analyzed data from Washington State hospital database and found no difference in cancer rates between patients who received rhBMP and those who did not. The study's findings suggest that additional follow-up is needed to rule out any longer-term increase in cancer risk.
A genetic test for adolescents with scoliosis can now predict worsening curves, guiding treatment decisions. The study reveals an overactive gene linked to scoliosis, providing insights into its development and potential prevention methods.
A new genus of flea and its five new species have been described from Indonesian collections. The discovery sheds light on the history of Indonesia and highlights the complexity of male flea genitalia.
Scientists have discovered nanpillars on the surface of drone fly larvae that prevent bacterial colonization. These unique structures may also exhibit superoleophobic properties, hindering biofilm formation and bacterial growth.
A new study found that measuring anti-Mullerian hormone in blood can help predict the rate of future bone loss during menopause transition. Women with lower hormone levels are more likely to experience faster-than-average bone loss.
The April issue of Neurosurgical Focus presents 12 articles on sports-related concussion, sequelae such as CTE, and prevention strategies. Key findings include diagnostic assessment tools and treatment strategies for concussions.
A new study reveals that measuring anti-Mullerian hormone in women during the menopause transition can help predict the rate of future bone loss. The test identifies women at risk of faster-than-average bone loss, allowing for targeted interventions.
A University of Alberta study uses gentle vibrations to identify structural changes in the spine, altering its vibration response significantly. The findings show the viability of vibration as a diagnostic tool to improve MRI utilization and potentially diagnose new conditions.
Researchers found that practicing movements at different speeds improves certain nerve functions, particularly for patients with spasticity after a stroke or spine injury. The study suggests tailoring physical therapy routines to reflect the type of neural circuit controlling the movement for optimal rehabilitation outcomes.
Two new species of frogs, Rombophryne ornata and Rombophryne tany, are discovered in the forest floor of Madagascar's remote Tsaratanana Massif. The scientists found unique features such as spines over their eye sockets and distinctive colors like reddish and brownish hues.
Researchers found that men and women who had a spine fracture and women who had a hip fracture were more than twice as likely to experience long-term widespread pain as those who had not had a fracture. Chronic widespread pain is common and leads to substantial health-related problems and disability.
A new literature review finds that nearly two-thirds of adolescent patients with back pain have unclear causes after clinical physical examination and imaging. Dr. Suken A. Shah advises maintaining proper posture, good core strength, regular exercise, and avoiding heavy backpacks to prevent or minimize back pain.
Children with neuromuscular disorders such as cerebral palsy and muscular dystrophy are three times more likely to experience cardiac arrest during spine surgeries. The study found that the absolute risk of cardiac arrest is minuscule, but knowing who's at highest risk can improve preparedness and response time.
Researchers at the University of Cincinnati uncovered ancient parasites on marine animals, including snails and worm-like creatures. The parasitic interactions between crinoids and these organisms reveal complex adaptations and co-evolutionary relationships over hundreds of millions of years.
A new study finds that low-weight, high-repetition resistance training increases bone mineral density in adults, with significant gains observed in osteopenic and postmenopausal individuals. The exercise regimen is a feasible option for older and inactive adults, and may help prevent hip fractures.
A team of experts is working on developing a dynamic spine brace that can modulate corrective forces while allowing users to perform everyday activities. The new design aims to improve the quality of life for children with scoliosis, which affects 2-3% of adolescents each year.
Researchers found that spinal manipulation provides immediate benefits for some patients with low-back pain, but has no effect on others. The study suggests that different groups of people respond differently to the treatment, highlighting the complexity of low-back pain and the need for personalized care.
The James Webb Space Telescope's flight backplane has arrived at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center, marking a significant step towards the telescope's 2018 launch. The backplane will hold the telescope's 18 hexagonal mirrors and instruments steady while observing deep space.
Gerard E. Francisco, a renowned expert in physical medicine and rehabilitation, is being honored by the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (AAPM&R). His research focuses on developing innovative treatments to help stroke survivors regain hand movement and speech.
A new wound closure technique has been shown to significantly reduce complication rates in patients with non-idiopathic scoliosis undergoing spinal fusion surgery. The multilayered flap closure method eliminates 'dead space' and creates a better barrier, resulting in a 0% complication rate in patients who received the novel technique.
Researchers have identified two species of Brazilian frogs that are venomous, using their heads as a weapon to deliver toxic secretions. The discovery sheds light on the biology of amphibians and their interactions with predators in the wild.
A study found that patients who experienced significant reductions in pain and disability after spine surgery were more likely to be satisfied with their outcomes. Factors such as initial severity scores, insurance status, and mental health played a role in patient satisfaction rates.
A study published in the Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine found that retired professional rugby players exhibit more severe symptoms of cervical spine degeneration, including narrower vertebral canals and greater muscle mass. The researchers suggest that stronger paraspinal muscles may aid in controlling spinal pain in this group.
Research reveals that stored memories are coded as permanent changes in neuronal communication and connection strength, influencing response behavior and gene expression. The study demonstrates that spine calcium responses can undergo long-term enhancement through ryanodine receptor activation.
Middle-aged men with low bone mass can improve bone density through exercise-based interventions, such as weight-lifting and jumping programs. These exercises, completed for at least six months, increase bone mass in the whole body and lumbar spine, reducing the risk of osteoporosis.
A recent study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association found that short-course oral steroids resulted in only modest improvement in function and no significant reduction in pain for patients with acute sciatica. The research suggests that oral steroid treatment may not be an effective option for this common condition.
Research reveals that male genitalia with spines increase fertilization success but injure female reproductive tracts. This can diminish the reproductive success of competing species and impact their demographic and evolutionary dynamics.
A literature review analyzing the most frequently cited papers on lumbar spine surgery identified key trends and observations, including studies highlighting situations where spinal surgery should not be performed. The top-ranked paper was a classic study showing common spinal abnormalities despite no back pain or symptoms.
New research reveals neural movements can be measured and predicted using non-invasive techniques, helping explain widespread syndromes like carpal tunnel syndrome and sciatica. The study highlights the importance of preserving free movement of neural structures to maintain an asymptomatic situation.
A team of biologists at Vanderbilt University has identified a specific signaling protein called Asef2 as crucial for forming dendritic spines, the tiny filaments that connect neurons to enable memory formation. This discovery could lead to new treatments for autism and Alzheimer's diseases.
New research reveals that spinal surgery significantly reduces low back pain and improves sexual function in patients with degenerative conditions. The study found that 70% of patients consider sex an important aspect of their life quality.
A newly discovered frog species, Pristimantis mutabilis, has the ability to change its skin texture in minutes to blend into its surroundings. The frogs were found in Ecuador's cloud forest and their shape-shifting capability challenges traditional methods of species identification.
A research team at James Cook University discovered how geckos manage to stay clean in dusty environments by using tiny hair-like spines that trap water droplets and release energy. This process has important implications for human applications, including the development of marine-based electronics and superhydrophobic clothing.
Fortifying grain foods with folic acid has saved about 1,300 babies each year from being born with serious birth defects of the brain and spine. Despite this progress, many women still do not get enough folic acid, highlighting the need for continued education and supplement use.