Articles tagged with Neuroimaging
Researchers discovered that D1 and D2 neurons in the brain work together to process appetitive and aversive stimuli, with D2 neurons playing a key role in extinguishing negative associations. This understanding can help develop new treatments for anxiety and post-traumatic stress.
A new digital 'translator' for brain studies enables researchers to map the brain in a standardized way, facilitating discoveries and treatments for various disorders. The open-source software allows for the comparison of brain imaging data with widely used brain atlases, promoting commonalities across findings.
A new study found that children with ADHD have a notable increase in functional connectivity while playing a virtual reality game, providing new insight into the condition. The results suggest that psychological testing for ADHD should be conducted in situations where symptoms are triggered.
Full Waveform Inversion (FWI) technology provides unprecedented precision in seismic imaging, breaking resolution limitations of traditional methods. It characterizes complex structures within the Earth's interior and offers higher-resolution subsurface models.
A new MRI technique has been successfully used to treat adults with drug-resistant epilepsy, allowing doctors to offer life-changing surgery to patients. The parallel transmit 7T scanner identified previously unseen structural lesions in nine patients, confirming the effectiveness of the treatment option.
Researchers developed an automated MRI processing and machine learning software to diagnose Parkinson’s disease, reducing diagnostic time by up to 96%. The software uses diffusion-weighted MRI and a noninvasive biomarker technique to identify neurodegeneration in the brain, providing more precise diagnoses.
The Open Brain Institute launches a groundbreaking platform to simulate and study digital brains, empowering researchers to explore brain complexity and diseases. With its virtual neuroscience laboratories, the OBI enables global collaboration and access to cutting-edge virtual labs.
Researchers compared cortical organization between humans and macaques, as well as humans and chimpanzees, to identify distinctively human neuroanatomical features. Unique prefrontal cortex organization and connections between brain regions associated with emotional regulation, social cognition, and language processing were found.
A study found that college athletes who experienced concussion showed persistent brain changes in scans even after being cleared to return to play and up to one year later. Brain function was also impaired, with reduced blood flow in the fronto-insular cortex.
Researchers are enrolling volunteers for a four-year study that will use advanced imaging, genetics, exercise science, neuroscience, and remote monitoring to investigate age-related health decline. The goal is to help individuals and healthcare practitioners better prevent the impact of disease on older adults.
Researchers developed a new brain imaging technique to predict and guide stroke patients' recovery by analyzing white matter tracts leading to the limbs. The study found that atrophy in these tracts is strongly correlated with motor recovery after a stroke, enabling clinicians to tailor rehabilitation strategies.
A study found that long-term cocaine use increases impulsivity in healthy rats, contradicting the belief that high impulsivity predicts cocaine use. This contradicts research on impulsive choice and delay-discounting tasks.
A new AI-based system called LILAC can accurately detect changes and predict outcomes in various medical applications. The system has been demonstrated on diverse longitudinal image series covering IVF embryos, healing tissue after wounds, and aging brains.
Researchers at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) have created a four-dimensional brain map that reveals how lesions similar to those seen in human MS form. The findings provide insight into early disease state changes and could help identify potential targets for MS treatments and brain tissue repair.
A new study reveals that schizophrenia's complexity is reflected in the individual brain structures of patients, with some experiencing perceptual disturbances and others cognitive impairments. The research suggests a precision medicine approach could tailor therapies to each patient's unique neurobiological profile.
A team from the University of Trento combined AI techniques with neuroimaging measurements to analyze how emotions and language structure influence brain activity during interactions. The results show that neural synchrony is associated with emotional content and semantic structure, with implications for understanding human relationships.
This study utilized deep learning models to diagnose and predict the likelihood of malignant transformation in oral potentially malignant disorders. AI-driven approaches offer noninvasive, cost-effective, and objective means to enhance early detection and improve patient outcomes.
A new study using OCT imaging revealed that nerve fibers in the inner ear adjust sound levels and compensate for hearing loss. In healthy mice, cochlear activity remained stable, but in mice with genetic hearing loss, cochlear function increased to enhance sensitivity.
A panel of experts identified key biomarkers for PND through a comprehensive literature review of 194 clinical studies. The study highlights the potential for these biomarkers to predict and diagnose PND, improving postoperative cognitive health in elderly patients.
The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center received nearly $23 million in CPRIT funding to advance cancer research, translational science, and clinical trials. The funding will support the recruitment of a first-time tenure-track faculty member and enhance the understanding of cancer biology.
Researchers at the Kavli Institute discovered that grid cells perform rapid, rhythmic sweeps into the space ahead of the animal, allowing it to probe the environment. This new understanding of spatial navigation reshapes our understanding of how the brain builds mental maps and tracks precise positions within these landscapes.
Harvard researchers have developed a silicon chip capable of recording small yet telltale synaptic signals from a large number of neurons. The chip has successfully mapped over 70,000 synaptic connections from approximately 2,000 rat neurons.
Researchers tracked thousands of neurons as a mouse learned to navigate two virtual corridors, revealing distinct representations of each corridor. The study sheds light on cognitive map formation and may provide insight into memory disorders like Alzheimer's.
People with musical anhedonia still derive pleasure from groovy tunes, and the urge to move appears to drive their experience of pleasure. Research found no differences in either pleasure or urge to move in anhedonics compared to controls, suggesting that the urge to move may itself generate pleasure.
Research reveals that perceived trustworthiness of others alters brain activity in reward and salience networks, driving assessments of safety and risk. Higher perceived odds of HIV transmission lead to more distrust and activation of the salience network.
Researchers developed a biomarker test that can detect small amounts of tau protein and its misfolded forms in cerebrospinal fluid, correlating with cognitive decline severity. The test identifies early stages of tau tangle formation up to a decade before brain scans, opening doors for early-stage disease diagnosis and intervention.
Researchers found that clot-dissolving medication alteplase improved stroke patients' recovery by more than 50% when given up to 24 hours after the beginning of an ischemic stroke. This breakthrough may provide hope for stroke patients worldwide who may not have access to clot-dissolving medications within the approved time window.
UCalgary researchers confirm that endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is not effective for patients with blockages in medium-sized blood vessels. The ESCAPE-MeVO clinical trial found no improvement in outcomes for these patients compared to standard care. EVT was previously shown to improve patient outcomes after large-vessel strokes.
The DISTAL trial found that endovascular therapy in addition to best medical therapy did not reduce disability more than clot-busting treatment alone for patients with medium distal vessel blockages. The study showed that mechanical clot removal was a safe option, but its benefits were uncertain.
A new study led by UCL researchers has found that the GLP-1 drug exenatide has no positive impact on movement, symptoms, or brain imaging in people with Parkinson's disease. The trial involved 194 participants and ran for 96 weeks, with no benefits shown in any of these areas.
Next-generation tau radiotracers demonstrate higher binding to Alzheimer's disease brain tissue and greater selectivity than existing imaging agents. This could lead to improved diagnosis and staging of the disease, as well as better outcomes in clinical trials.
A recent study by Rei Akaishi at RIKEN CBS found that larger groups can actually promote greater cooperation. Participants in the 'prisoner's dilemma' game cooperated more frequently as group size grew, with brain scans showing increased activity in regions involved in prosocial behavior and memory processing. This challenges conventio...
A global study will explore structural changes in the brains of people with bipolar disorder and compare them to major depression. The project aims to develop new tools for diagnosis and treatment, leveraging unprecedented sample sizes from over 3,500 individuals with BD and 9,000 healthy controls.
A recent study published in JAMA Network Open found that heavy cannabis users exhibited reduced brain activity during working memory tasks, associated with worse performance. Abstaining from cannabis before cognitive tasks may help improve performance.
Researchers at Weill Cornell Medicine have identified a specific brain circuit that appears to reduce anxiety without side effects. The study suggests a new target for treating anxiety disorders and demonstrates a general strategy for mapping drug effects on the brain.
The research aims to understand how high-risk genes disrupt neurodevelopment and lead to neuropsychiatric conditions, potentially informing diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. A national team of researchers will examine the effects of these genes on brain development, connectivity, and behavior in a mouse model.
Researchers found AI-based imaging technology improves disease diagnosis accuracy, particularly in cardiology, oncology, neurology, and ophthalmology. The technology also enhances diagnostic efficiency and reduces healthcare disparities by delivering high-quality diagnostics to underserved areas.
Researchers found that individuals with childhood epilepsy have an increased accumulation of brain amyloid later in life, which may lead to late-onset brain amyloid disorders like Alzheimer's disease. The study also showed that these individuals performed worse in cognitive tests compared to controls.
Elizabeth Hillman, a pioneer in imaging method development, is leading the new Department of Imaging Sciences at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital. The department aims to develop innovative new imaging and measurement approaches that will enable groundbreaking scientific studies and improve patient care.
A new study by researchers from the University of Waterloo and Texas Tech University found that teams with diverse expertise generate more unique proposals, but their ideas are often less useful compared to teams with shared expertise. The study used neuroimaging to measure how participants' brains responded during team collaboration.
A systematic literature search identified high-priority clinical actions for post-acute care, including early education, risk assessment, and mental health screening. Implementing these actions can improve the quality of care for non-hospitalized TBI patients.
The study identified a modified imaging approach and volumetric measurements as more accurate in predicting survival compared to other methods. These approaches worked well even for small tumors, suggesting they should be included in future studies.
A phase 2 study conducted by Mayo Clinic found that 56% of participants were alive after 12 months, with a median overall survival of 13.1 months. The treatment, which combines short-course hypofractionated proton beam therapy with advanced imaging techniques, was more effective in patients over 65 with favorable tumor genetics.
Silvia Blemker, a University of Virginia biomedical engineer, has been elected Fellow of the National Academy of Inventors (NAI) for her work on muscle health. Her patented technology, Image-based Identification of Muscle Abnormalities, uses advanced imaging and analytics to provide detailed insights into muscle health.
Fogarty's research aims to monitor language function and recovery in post-stroke patients using DOT. She hopes to establish the feasibility of brain-computer interfaces to restore inter-personal communication for post-stroke patients.
A new noninvasive imaging method developed by MIT researchers can penetrate deeper into living tissue than previous techniques, producing richer and more detailed images. This breakthrough enhances biological research capabilities, enabling scientists to study immune responses and develop new medicines with greater accuracy.
A USC study reveals that forming social ties relies on learning from positive outcomes, such as rewards, and tracking relational value. The findings help explain why we are drawn to certain people and how we navigate relationships, with implications for mental health and social behavior.
A new portable MRI machine, augmented with machine learning tools, matches conventional MRI in measuring brain characteristics relevant to Alzheimer's disease. The study has the potential to expand neuroimaging in settings with limited MRI access and streamline care for AD patients.
Researchers use real-time neuroimaging and neurofeedback to modify brain activity patterns, enabling faster learning and treatment of psychiatric disorders. The study demonstrates the ability to inscribe new patterns into the brain without physical manipulation.
A study of over 6,000 adolescents found that those with symptoms of gaming addiction showed lower brain activity in the decision-making and reward processing region. This suggests a link between reduced sensitivity to rewards and problematic gaming behaviors.
A team of researchers has created the first complete map of the brain's circadian clock in the fly Drosophila, revealing at least 240 neurons involved in regulating daily rhythms. This detailed mapping provides a foundation for exploring circadian dysregulation linked to health conditions such as sleep disorders and metabolic diseases.
Researchers at the University of Tokyo discover that the patterns of spontaneous activity and stimulus-evoked response are similar in lower visual areas of the cerebral cortex but gradually become independent as one moves to higher visual areas. This orthogonal relationship helps explain how sensory perception remains stable despite co...
A new study in Nature identifies strategies for tying brain function and structure to behavior and health, improving the reliability of brain-wide association studies. By strategically selecting participants and collecting multiple scans, researchers can obtain more dependable results with fewer participants.
Leila Nabulsi is expanding her research program to pinpoint brain pathways affected by bipolar disorder. She will leverage the ENIGMA consortium and advanced statistical methods to build a database of brain changes, potentially improving diagnosis and treatment.
A team of researchers at Georgia State University has made a groundbreaking discovery in understanding schizophrenia using fMRI scans. They identified unique spatial variation and enhanced sensitivity in the brains of patients with schizophrenia, offering an alternative way to identify early signs of the disorder.
Researchers from Michigan State University used brain-scanning tools to predict visitation patterns in urban environments. The study found that the brain's reward system can shape human behavior within cities, aiding in designing sustainable living spaces.
Researchers introduce persistence barcodes, a tool that reduces diagnostic bias and uncovers subtle details in medical images. The method preserves key structural details, enabling clearer insights into the data.
Researchers have developed a deep-learning-powered metalens imaging system that overcomes limitations of traditional metalenses. The system pairs a mass-produced metalens with an image restoration framework driven by AI to achieve aberration-free, full-color images while maintaining compact form factor.
Researchers developed an AI-powered model called FastGlioma that can detect residual tumor tissue with high accuracy in 10 seconds. The technology outperformed conventional methods, reducing the risk of missed tumors by nearly 75%. This innovation could change the field of neurosurgery and minimize reliance on radiographic imaging.
Researchers developed a new imaging technique using fluorescence-guided surgery to enhance visibility of tumors and nerves during head and neck cancer surgery. The technique uses two near-infrared fluorophores, one for tumors and another for facial nerves, allowing for clear differentiation between cancerous tissues and nerves.