Research that follows groups of people over time. Covers cancer-linked stroke, light exposure and health, neurodegeneration in athletes, and fertility-treatment risk.
A cohort study found that detection-related factors may contribute to reported increases in ASD occurrence estimates. The study suggests that methodological differences, changing service-use patterns, and ascertainment context should be accounted for when interpreting changes in ASD occurrence estimates.
New research reveals a significant increase in stroke risk within 3 months of cancer diagnosis, with pancreatic and lung cancers showing the highest rates. The study, published in CANCER, found that younger patients and those with advanced cancer are particularly at risk.
Even low levels of nighttime light exposure can lead to structural changes in the heart, increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease. Researchers analyzed data from 11,017 participants and found that those exposed to higher levels of light saw a thickening of the heart's walls and reduced flexibility during a heartbeat.
A nationwide study of over 100,000 children found certain fertility treatments, including ovulation induction, IUI, and IVF, are associated with an increased risk of Kawasaki disease before age 5. The study's findings highlight the need for further investigation into the mechanisms underlying Kawasaki disease.
A cohort study found that only 30.7% of brain donors with clinician-adjudicated dementia had neurodegenerative death certification. The study suggests factors like worsening cognitive symptoms and functional impairment may be associated with increased likelihood of neurodegenerative death certification.
A nationwide cohort study found that continued ICS use during early pregnancy was not associated with increased risks of maternal or neonatal outcomes. The study highlights the importance of individualized risk assessment while maintaining asthma control, providing reassuring evidence for current guideline recommendations.
Exposure to suicide attempts within social networks was linked to increased risk of subsequent suicide attempts and higher depressive symptoms in adolescents and young adults. Assessing recent exposure to suicide attempts may help identify high-risk youths undetected through symptom-based screening alone.
A cohort study of 544 young survivors of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage found that 30.2% developed new brain aneurysms over 40 years. Female sex, smoking, and family history of aneurysms were identified as risk factors, with smoking cessation associated with lower risk.
Developing new complex medical conditions is associated with higher disenrollment rates among Medicare Advantage beneficiaries, particularly to traditional Medicare. States with Medigap guaranteed issue and community rating protections have higher disenrollment rates among beneficiaries with multiple new conditions.
A cohort study of pregnant females with opioid use disorder found higher discontinuation rates for Black females compared to White females, with less disparity for methadone treatment. Persistent racial and ethnic inequities in treatment retention were observed during and after pregnancy.
A multisite cohort study of 346 adults receiving psilocybin services in Oregon found significant improvements in depression, anxiety, and PTSD symptoms, as well as enhanced well-being and life satisfaction. The study suggests that Oregon's regulated psilocybin services are generally safe and effective for mental health treatment
A cohort study found that excessive parental smartphone use is associated with slower language development in children, while digital device ownership is linked to lower concurrent language performance. The study highlights the importance of considering screen use in the broader family context when evaluating children's language develo...
A cohort study of 13,585 insured patients found racial disparities in endometrial cancer survival, with greater imbalances in risk of adverse tumor types and distant disease. Younger black patients had a 43% larger disparity compared to their white counterparts.
A cohort study found that state eviction moratoria are associated with higher numbers of foster care entries across 60 US jurisdictions. The study suggests that these policies may have unintended consequences on vulnerable populations.
A retrospective cohort study found that patients treated with aripiprazole had a lower risk of hyponatremia than those on olanzapine. This association could inform clinical decision-making for high-risk patients, despite residual confounding considerations.
A retrospective cohort study of 16,924 men found metabolic syndrome and related abnormalities during the first year of treatment. Hypertension was the most common metabolic outcome among patients receiving concurrent androgen deprivation therapy and an androgen receptor pathway inhibitor.
A Finnish study found that habitual coffee consumption is associated with healthier body composition, lower visceral fat, and greater skeletal muscle mass. In both men and women, higher coffee consumption was linked to lower circulating levels of branched-chain amino acids, a key biomarker for insulin resistance.
A cohort study of 1,582,834 veterans with MDD found that most received recommended treatment, but there was an increasing trend in the proportion who did not. This highlights the need to investigate potential undertreatment and examine mental health service availability that influences treatment selection decisions.
A cohort study investigates the association between bariatric surgery and preoperative use of GLP-1 receptor agonists. The results show a significant positive correlation between preoperative GLP-1 RA use and weight loss outcomes after surgery.
A recent study published in JAMA Network Open finds a strong association between gestational diabetes and an increased risk of postpartum cardiovascular, kidney, and metabolic disorders. The research highlights the importance of monitoring and managing gestational diabetes to prevent long-term health consequences for mothers.
Patients with severe traumatic brain injury in resource-limited settings are at higher risk of mortality. The study highlights the need for improved acute and postdischarge care to reduce mortality rates.
Researchers developed a multiprotein approach to predict advanced tau pathology among amyloid-positive individuals, outperforming p-tau217 alone. This study suggests a scalable alternative to tau PET staging for clinical or research settings.
A cohort study found associations between perinatal factors and changes in brain maturation among adolescents. The study used conditional-longitudinal models to assess individual growth trajectories and mental health symptoms.
Participation in mandatory value-based payment programs is associated with higher hospital administrative costs, highlighting the need for policymakers to consider administrative burden when designing and evaluating payment reforms. The study suggests that these reforms may increase complexity without improving cost, quality, and access.
A cohort study evaluates histotripsy's short-term outcomes for liver tumors, highlighting its potential as a treatment option. The study also examines national practice patterns and adult patient results.
People with eczema face a higher risk of developing shingles due to an altered skin immune response. Researchers analyzed UK database data and found that eczema severity was directly linked to increased shingles risk.
A cohort study revealed racial differences in sonographic evaluation, with a 76% completion rate and excellent cancer exclusion ability in Black women despite fibroids impairing endometrial visibility. Fibroid presence did not hinder cancer detection accuracy.
After COVID-19 pandemic restrictions relaxed, Kawasaki disease incidence rebounded in Japan, with distinct age-dependent patterns. Nonpharmaceutical interventions may have contributed to the observed greater rebound in older children, while infants showed minimal changes, suggesting different exposure pathways.
A cohort study found nearly 30% of screened patients had health-related social needs, with higher rates among racial and ethnic minority groups and those publicly insured. Inpatient HRSN screening workflows provide support for equitable reach, preserving benefits for patient groups with disproportionately high social needs.
A cohort study analyzing factors associated with abandoned buprenorphine prescriptions found that US adults are increasingly dropping their medication for opioid use disorder. The study, published in JAMA Network Open, examines the decline of prescribed buprenorphine from 2020 to 2024.
This study examines associations between early life BMI and childbirth timing, as well as fertility outcomes among Danish women. Childhood body size is found to be associated with the timing of childbirth, highlighting the importance of addressing reproductive health early in life.
A cohort study identified risk factors for bacterial infection after firearm injury and found an association between bacterial infection and increased mortality among US adults. The study assesses the impact of firearm injuries on health outcomes in this population.
A cohort study of 2771 male children found no evidence that neonatal medical male circumcision is associated with an increased risk of autism spectrum disorder. The study also examined the effects of acetaminophen use during and after the procedure, but found it to be uncommon.
US nursing homes have seen a significant increase in closures between 1985 and 2025, with changes in ownership and capacity reconfiguration being more common than permanent facility closure. The study highlights the need for policy and oversight considerations that take into account ownership transitions and capacity changes.
A study found geographic variation in measles-containing vaccine coverage among 7-year-old children in Northern California, highlighting the need for targeted vaccination efforts. The study assesses county-level data, revealing disparities in vaccination rates across different regions.
This cohort study examines trends in US Department of Veterans Affairs disability compensation receipt and benefit amounts between 2010 and 2024. Sociodemographic characteristics and disability type are associated with changes in these benefits.
This study analyzed 9845 Ukrainian refugee children aged 5 and under in Southern Poland, identifying 5 distinct health care utilization profiles. The findings suggest that refugee-hosting countries must prioritize emergency and inpatient care following a crisis to rapidly adapt health care resources.
A recent cohort study found similar rates of secondary treatment receipt among men with localized prostate cancer by race, but observed mortality disparities persisted. These findings raise concerns about healthcare inequities and the need for targeted interventions to address racial disparities in cancer care.
A cohort study of Korean patients with lung cancer found that international screening guidelines excluded 64.6% of patients, many without smoking history. Ineligible patients had lower mortality risk than eligible patients, suggesting tailored approaches are necessary to enhance early detection.
A cohort study in Taiwan found that spouses of individuals with dementia had a significantly higher risk of developing dementia compared to unexposed spouses. The association varied depending on the family context and socioeconomic status, highlighting the importance of considering household factors in dementia risk assessment.
Long-term exposure to road traffic noise was associated with a higher risk of Parkinson's disease, according to the study. Having a quiet facade mitigated this association, suggesting that reducing noise levels may be a viable strategy for preventing or managing the condition.
A blood test measuring phosphorylated tau 217 (P-tau217) can estimate an individual's risk of developing cognitive impairment over 2, 5, and 10 years. Higher P-tau217 levels are associated with increased risk of progression to cognitive impairment in cognitively unimpaired older adults.
A cohort study reveals that colorectal cancer treatment delays are associated with increased metastasis risk. This finding highlights the need for integrated care and tailored benchmarks for treatment initiation to improve timely and equitable care.
A cohort study of California public high schools found that dedicated health courses were associated with modestly lower prevalence in several common forms of adolescent substance use. The study suggests that sustained, dedicated health coursework may be a scalable component of school-based substance use prevention.
A cohort study of opioid-naive patients found that most achieved pain resolution within 3 weeks, but some reported prolonged opioid use. Current guidelines may not serve all patients, emphasizing the need for tailored treatment approaches.
The study found that primary care clinicians can make a significant impact on diabetes management by initiating continuous glucose monitoring, leading to improved glycemic control and reduced acute care utilization. This scalable strategy has the potential to improve diabetes outcomes in underserved populations.
A cohort study found that mid-urbanicity neighborhoods had the highest dementia mortality rates, while dense urban cores and rural areas showed lower risks. The study suggests targeted improvements in neighborhood conditions could reduce dementia mortality and promote equity.
A cohort study found that upper secondary school settings are associated with mental health trajectories in adolescents, suggesting a link between peer environments and risk of mental disorders. The study's findings highlight the importance of considering environmental factors in understanding adolescent mental health.
A population-based study found no association between prenatal paracetamol exposure and risk of autism spectrum disorder or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in offspring. The study suggests that positive signals from previous research may be due to familial confounding.
A cohort study found that a dietary pattern with lower inflammatory potential was associated with lower dementia risk among individuals with Alzheimer disease pathology. Targeted dietary strategies may help prevent dementia in those already at elevated risk.
A Japanese cohort study found that better maternal cardiovascular health during pregnancy is associated with lower risks of offspring developmental delay at age 4. The study suggests a potential protective effect of optimal maternal cardiovascular health on child development.
The study found that gestational exposure to 10 classes of priority chemicals was associated with differences in gestational age at birth and lower birth weight-for-gestational age z scores. Reducing exposure to these chemicals could promote healthy deliveries and better child outcomes.
Hospitalized children with acute respiratory tract infections often have underlying chronic conditions that require intensive care. The study found that these patients are at a higher risk of severe disease and death. Understanding the epidemiologic profile of this population can help optimize outcomes for pediatric patients.
A cohort study found that smartphone acquisition at age 13 was linked to increased risk of insufficient sleep at age 14. Excessive smartphone use was also tied to higher odds of depression and obesity. Limiting screen time may protect adolescents from these outcomes.
A large Japanese study found that maintaining a healthier profile with lower lifestyle and health risks can significantly lower dementia risk in people with one or no APOE ε4 alleles. However, individuals carrying two APOE ε4 alleles may require different preventive or therapeutic approaches.
A national cohort study found that living in high-segregation neighborhoods was associated with lower likelihood of live donor liver transplant (LDLT) access. Candidates from high-segregation neighborhoods with larger racial and ethnic minority populations had a lower likelihood of LDLT compared to those from white populations.
Prediagnostic statin use showed no association with higher survival rates, but postdiagnostic use was linked to lower all-cause and breast cancer-specific mortality among hormone receptor-positive subtypes. Statin therapy may improve survival of these patient groups.
A recent study published in Depression and Anxiety found that moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and sufficient sleep are crucial for protecting mental health in middle age. Replacing sedentary behavior with light activity produced smaller benefits compared to moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, highlighting the importance of i...
Institutional Special Needs Plan (I-SNP) enrollment was associated with significantly fewer hospitalizations for nursing home residents with dementia at the end of life, according to a retrospective cohort study. Effect sizes were larger for UnitedHealthcare (UHC) I-SNPs vs non-UHC plans. Plan maturity and volume likely impact success.
The study found that population-based pathogenic variant testing reveals different subsets of high-risk women than clinical risk factors and polygenic risk scores. This highlights the importance of incorporating PV testing into risk-based screening for breast cancer.