Research that follows groups of people over time. Covers cancer-linked stroke, light exposure and health, neurodegeneration in athletes, and fertility-treatment risk.
A large cohort study found no association between community water fluoridation and adverse birth outcomes, providing reassurance about its safety during pregnancy. The study highlights the importance of rigorous causal designs in evaluating public health interventions.
A new study found that shingles vaccination is associated with lower inflammation, slower epigenetic aging, and overall slower biological aging in older adults. Vaccination showed benefits even four years after the initial dose.
A cohort study found a 9-fold increased risk of suicide in Norwegian patients discharged alive after critical injury. Follow-up is recommended for possible psychological distress in this patient group.
Fine particulate matter and ozone exposure independently associated with poorer cardiac health outcomes in breast cancer patients treated with cardiotoxic therapy. Environmental exposure modifications are crucial to mitigate cardiovascular disease risk.
Women with a genetic predisposition to higher body mass index are at increased risk of all-cause mortality after breast cancer diagnosis. Targeted lifestyle recommendations can mitigate this risk.
A cohort study of students in grades 4-12 found that social media use varied by age and sex, with heavy use linked to poorer well-being. The study's findings suggest that abstinence from social media may not always be beneficial for adolescents.
Both bariatric surgery and semaglutide treatment were associated with significant fat mass loss, moderate fat-free mass loss, and an improved FFM to fat mass ratio. These findings support interventions aimed at preserving muscle mass while promoting weight loss.
A recent study found that the RSVpreF vaccine does not pose a significant risk to pregnant women, providing reassurance for those who wish to be vaccinated. The interim report presents data from a large cohort of pregnancies with vaccine-seeking behavior, and results suggest no notable adverse effects.
A cohort study found that very high lipoprotein(a) levels increased the 30-year risk of cardiovascular disease among healthy women. Screening for elevated lipoprotein(a) may be warranted in the general population.
A population-based cohort study found that U.S.-born individuals had significantly higher odds of infant mortality, particularly among full-term births. Sudden unexpected infant death was a major contributor to these disparities, highlighting the need for investigation into underlying factors contributing to these disparities.
This cohort study found that exposure to Migrant Protection Protocols was associated with higher rates of trauma during migration among asylum seekers. The Migrant Protection Protocols may have potential downstream implications for U.S. public health and security, including adverse health outcomes for asylum seekers.
A national longitudinal cohort study found consistently worse mental health outcomes among middle-aged and older adults at high risk of obstructive sleep apnea. Integrated screening and intervention strategies are needed to address this association.
A cohort study found higher fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure associated with lower birth weight, particularly in early and mid-pregnancy. The study's findings suggest that understanding windows of susceptibility to environmental exposures can inform strategies for limiting exposure during critical periods.
In a prespecified exploratory analysis of the SELECT randomized clinical trial, semaglutide demonstrated significant reductions in hospital admissions and overall time spent in hospital. This finding suggests that semaglutide has broader health benefits for patients with obesity and established cardiovascular disease.
A population-based cohort study found that virtual sick visits to primary care were associated with a small increase in emergency department use in children aged 3 months or older. The study suggests judicious use of virtual primary care to manage acute illness in children is warranted.
A large-scale study found that individuals with ADHD are at higher risk of being convicted of crimes compared to those without ADHD. Relatives of individuals with ADHD also show increased risk, even if they themselves do not have ADHD. Early identification and treatment of ADHD in high-risk families may help mitigate these risks.
Using GLP-1 receptor agonists may lower the risk of vertebral compression fractures and related surgical interventions in people with type 2 diabetes. The study suggests that these medications have a bone-protective effect, offering benefits for patients.
A cohort study of adults aged 45 or older with RSV infection found a significant excess risk of cardiovascular events over 1 year, comparable in magnitude to influenza infection. This highlights the importance of RSV as a potential risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and underscores the need for vaccination to mitigate this burden.
A cohort study found that participation in New York's medical cannabis program was associated with lower rates of opioid prescription during a 18-month follow-up. The study controlled for unregulated cannabis use, suggesting that medical cannabis may be an effective alternative to opioids for managing chronic pain.
A study found that women with obesity who stopped using GLP-1 receptor agonists experienced more gestational weight gain and a higher risk of preterm delivery, gestational diabetes, and hypertensive disorders. The research suggests that discontinuation of these medications may impact pregnancy outcomes.
A substantial prevalence of avoidant/restrictive food intake was found in the general pediatric population, with affected children at risk of developmental difficulties across multiple domains. The study suggests a need for broad support interventions and advances understanding of the genetic underpinnings of this condition.
A 1-week social media detox in young adults was associated with reduced symptoms of depression, anxiety, and insomnia. The study's findings suggest a potential therapeutic benefit of reducing social media use for mental health concerns.
Adults with higher levels of physical activity during midlife and late life have a lower risk of all-cause and Alzheimer's disease dementia. This cohort study, part of the Framingham Heart Study Offspring cohort, found similar reductions in risk across different age groups.
A state-level incentive program aimed at improving diet in SNAP participants showed no significant increase in fruit and vegetable intake. However, the study found benefits among existing high-fruit-and-vegetable consumers. Enhanced implementation strategies may be needed to maximize public health outcomes.
A study by Fisabio found that children who owned 'other animals' had a protective effect against emotional problems, while cat ownership at ages 4-5 showed a mild association. The study suggests that less demanding pets may help create stable relationships and enhance psychological well-being.
A US cohort study from 2012-2021 found persistent disparities in cesarean births by race and ethnicity, with non-Hispanic Black individuals facing increased risks. The study highlights the need for quality improvement efforts to address structural racism and reduce unnecessary cesarean births.
This cohort study found a high risk of developing functional somatic disorder (FSD) in individuals with a history of sexual assault. The pooled analysis underscores the biopsychosocial consequences of sexual assault and highlights the importance of further research and targeted interventions to address this critical issue.
Risk-adjusted mortality declined significantly following the COVID-19 pandemic, resuming prior improvement trends. Patient acuity, measured by case mix index, remained elevated, suggesting a new postpandemic baseline.
A recent study published in BMC Medicine has identified that the sequence of previous diseases may help predict the risk of long COVID. The research analyzed health trajectories over time and found that taking into account the interaction of diseases can improve prediction accuracy.
A cohort study found that night light exposure was a significant risk factor for developing cardiovascular diseases among adults over 40. Avoiding light at night may be a useful strategy for reducing the risks of cardiovascular diseases.
A large cohort study found associations between prenatal fine particulate matter components and postnatal ozone exposure with increased risk of autism spectrum disorder. These findings suggest that air pollution may play a role in the etiology of autism, warranting further research.
A German study using a digital cohort dataset found that twenty percent of participants had unreported polio vaccinations, while forty percent of documented doses were unidentified. The study emphasizes the need for improved vaccine tracking and booster vaccination strategies to ensure effective population protection.
A cohort study found that GLP-1 receptor agonist use was associated with a reduced risk of developing nonexudative AMD, but not progression to exudative AMD in individuals with nonexudative AMD. This study may inform future randomized trials evaluating the ocular effects of GLP-1RAs in nondiabetic populations.
A large national cohort study found associations between adverse pregnancy outcomes and increased risk of atrial fibrillation up to 46 years later. Women with these outcomes require early preventive actions and long-term clinical follow-up.
Black and Asian patients were underrepresented in clinical trials, leading to worse survival outcomes compared to white counterparts, despite similar progression-free survival rates. Equitable enrollment is crucial for access to cutting-edge treatments and long-term equity in cancer care.
A cohort study of mRNA COVID-19 vaccine exposure in the first trimester found no association with major congenital malformations. The study supports the safety of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines during early pregnancy.
A cohort study reveals a significant association between social adversity and increased incidence of triple-negative breast cancer in Black women. The findings suggest potential social genomic and gene-environment interactions that contribute to disparities in breast cancer survival.
Full-term children exposed to antenatal corticosteroids are at higher risk of infections until age 21, a new study finds. Preterm children, however, show no association between ACS and infections.
A study published in BMC Medicine reveals that vascular dysfunction is a key mechanism in long COVID, especially in postmenopausal women. The researchers identified the VEGFA protein as a central element in this process, highlighting its role in blood vessel formation and vascular function.
A cohort study found that early extracranial surgery was associated with adverse outcomes in function, cognition, and disability after moderate-severe traumatic brain injury. The study suggests that further research is needed to determine if surgical timing or other interventions can improve long-term deficits.
A cohort study found that 40% of GLP-1RA orders were not filled, with lower rates among Non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic patients. These disparities may be attributed to differences in insurance coverage, GLP-1RA use, or cost thresholds.
The implementation of a surgical handover system prioritizing sickest patients first improved handover quality, patient physiology, and staff perceptions of safety. The study found no increase in meeting duration.
An AI model successfully automates lymph node segmentation and extranodal extension classification from pretreatment CT scans in HPV-associated oropharyngeal carcinoma. Predicted extranodal extension is independently associated with worse oncologic outcomes, highlighting the potential for improved treatment planning.
School participation in universal free meals was associated with a net reduction in blood pressure outcomes among youths, according to a cohort study. The findings contribute to growing evidence that such programs may improve child health.
A cohort study investigated olfactory dysfunction in US adults with and without prior SARS-CoV-2 infection. The study found a significant association between prior infection and persistent olfactory dysfunction. High variability was observed among individuals, highlighting the need for individualized assessment and treatment strategies.
A cohort study reveals oral bacteria and fungi as significant risk factors for pancreatic cancer development. The findings suggest that oral microbiota may serve as biomarkers to identify individuals at high risk of pancreatic cancer, potentially contributing to personalized prevention strategies.
A cohort study suggests nicotinamide reduces skin cancer risk, with greatest effect seen after initial skin cancer diagnosis, indicating potential chemopreventive properties of the vitamin B3 derivative
This cohort study found that receiving encounters with behavioral health clinicians and psychotropic prescriptions was associated with reduced psychosocial symptoms. The results suggest that expanding integrated pediatric behavioral health care could improve outcomes among vulnerable child populations.
A cohort study found an association between parental diseases of despair and youth suicidal events, suggesting a potential underlying factor in the increase in adolescent suicidal behavior. Improved access to care for parents with these conditions may help reduce the adolescent suicide rate.
A cohort study found that childhood loneliness was associated with cognitive decline and increased dementia risk in later life. Early interventions may help promote lifelong cognitive health and reduce dementia risk.
A retrospective cohort study found that children of racial and ethnic minority groups receiving CPR had higher odds of in-hospital mortality. Additionally, the odds of in-hospital mortality among children receiving CPR were higher at hospitals with the highest proportion of Black patients.
A cohort study shows bariatric surgery significantly lowers major metabolic comorbidity risk compared to medical weight management. The procedure is deemed a durable approach for obesity-related risk mitigation.
A cohort study found GLP-1 RAs offer body mass index-dependent cardiovascular benefits and consistent kidney protection for type 2 diabetes patients. The study suggests BMI stratification is crucial for guiding treatment decisions.
A retrospective cohort study found that GLP-1 receptor agonists may reduce overall cancer risk, including lower risks of endometrial and ovarian cancers, among patients with obesity or overweight. However, these medications may also increase the risk of kidney cancer, highlighting the need for longer-term follow-up.
A study of over 10,000 teenagers found that sleep problems at age 14 were directly associated with self-harm behaviour at both ages, highlighting the importance of prioritizing sleep health in adolescents. The research also suggests that poor sleep can have long-lasting impacts on mental health.
A cohort study found a higher prevalence of eating disorders among adolescents from lower socioeconomic backgrounds. The study suggests that reducing population-level socioeconomic inequalities may aid in preventing eating disorders.
A new article by Dr. Leonard Berry of Texas A&M University argues that values-driven listening can improve care and heal the healthcare system. The authors identify six types of listening, including proximate, curious, earning trust, aided by design, empowering, and fostering resilience, which contribute to better care.
Adults with long COVID experience worse work impairment, missed work, and financial distress compared to those without long COVID. Vaccination is associated with improved work outcomes and reduced financial distress among individuals with long COVID.
A cohort study found that hospitals with poor financial health were less likely to provide essential perinatal services. This disparity was more pronounced in Southern and rural regions.
Initiation of semaglutide in adults leads to reductions in weight and cardiovascular risk factors, while increasing health care expenditures. These findings suggest potential clinical benefits, highlighting the need for long-term evaluation of semaglutide's economic impact.