Researchers at Princeton University have developed a method to recycle two of the planet's most challenging plastics using a common additive called carbon black. The process involves intense light focused on plastic containing the pigment, jumpstarting depolymerization and producing valuable commodity chemicals.
A team of scientists discovered polar bear sebum's anti-icing properties, making it harder for ice to stick. The study sheds light on polar bear ecology and may lead to sustainable anti-ice surface coatings.
A study on six serodiscordant couples found that women who were immune to SARS-CoV-2 had elevated expression of the gene IFIT3 compared to their male partners. This suggests that overexpression of IFIT3 may offer protection against COVID-19 by inhibiting viral replication and preventing cell invasion.
A new study found that movie reviews with female- versus male-dominated casts contain more sexist language, with critics often perpetuating biases against women. The analysis of 17,165 reviews highlights the need for a more equitable film industry, where women are better represented in leading roles and receive fair criticism.
A new study identified a group of bitter compounds in roasted Arabica coffee that influence its taste. Genetic predisposition also plays a role, with individual variations affecting how people perceive bitterness, particularly through specific taste receptors.
Scientists have discovered that even low-mass microquasars can accelerate particles to high energies, producing gamma-ray signals. This finding challenges the long-held belief that only high-mass systems are capable of particle acceleration.
Next-generation tau radiotracers demonstrate higher binding to Alzheimer's disease brain tissue and greater selectivity than existing imaging agents. This could lead to improved diagnosis and staging of the disease, as well as better outcomes in clinical trials.
The D-CARE study found no differences in patient behavioral symptoms or caregiver strain between health system and community-based care approaches. However, comprehensive care improved caregiver self-efficacy, which remained consistent throughout the 18-month period.
Researchers at University of Tsukuba developed a system to identify lithium-ion batteries based on magnetic field measurement, distinguishing OEM from compatible batteries. This non-destructive method can single cells and multiple batteries in series, paving the way for identifying batteries in actual modules with deteriorated structures.
Researchers mapped tropical plants and trees in Peru's boiling river, finding plant diversity declined with rising temperatures and only species suited for warm climates thrived. The study predicts a less diverse and more homogenous Amazon rainforest as global warming continues.
Researchers developed a powerful tool to detect SARS-CoV-2 variants with high transmission potential, pinpointing exact mutations driving spread. The model focuses on spike protein and other parts of the virus, enhancing ability to bind human cells and evade immune systems.
Tin-based perovskite solar cells improve efficiency and durability when large organic cations form a two-dimensional structure, creating an energy barrier that suppresses electron backflow. This structure enhances device performance under sunlight irradiation.
Researchers explore structural and functional characteristics of Russula vinosa Lindblad polysaccharides, finding potential applications in pharmaceuticals and functional foods. The study reveals that structural differences between polysaccharides influence immunomodulatory activities.
Research reveals that cubic Cu2O pre-catalysts do not transform into the expected metallic state during reaction, instead maintaining a mix of Cu metal, Cu oxide, and Cu hydroxide. The composition and shape of evolved catalysts depend on applied electric potential, chemical environment, and reaction duration.
Researchers demonstrated Z526's effectiveness in slowing weight loss and improving muscle atrophy, fat loss, and grip force. Z526 regulates metabolic signaling to combat CAC by intervening in multiple pathogenic mechanisms.
Researchers used CRISPR/Cas to generate controlled chromosomal inversions in Arabidopsis thaliana, finding no significant changes in epigenetic marks or gene expression. Only minor genome-wide effects were observed, indicating the robustness of the epigenome and transcriptome.
The study highlights the potential of novel techniques to collect and analyse plankton data more efficiently, filling knowledge gaps and generating complete pictures of plankton dynamics. However, integrating old and new methods is crucial to ensure accurate assessments of marine biodiversity.
Researchers at Ohio State University have developed a low-carbon system that transforms materials like plastics and agricultural waste into syngas, producing high-quality chemicals and fuels. The technology achieves a purity of around 90% in a process that takes only a few minutes.
The article outlines three pathways to manage patients with complex psychiatric conditions, focusing on achieving the best possible patient-centered clinical outcomes. Plastic surgeons may face challenging relationships with patients, particularly those with underlying psychiatric issues.
The Reversing Egypt’s Diminishing Food Security project aims to empower rural communities to withstand climate change challenges by introducing green energy-powered irrigation systems and promoting high-quality seeds. The project will also focus on gender inclusion through women farmers' empowerment and training.
Targeting MYCN and MDM2 oncogenes offers a promising strategy for cancer therapy, particularly in neuroblastoma. The review highlights the potential benefits of dual-targeted inhibition, which can restrain both MYCN-mediated tumorigenesis and MDM2-regulated survival.
Scientists have discovered complex structures and compounds in asteroid Bennu samples that suggest extraterrestrial brines played a crucial role in the development of organic compounds. The findings indicate that similar brines may still exist on other asteroids and dwarf planets, holding secrets to understanding life's origins.
Researchers at CNR-INO develop device to explore boundary between classical and quantum physics, enabling study of nanosystems in both regimes. The nano-oscillator traps glass spheres with specific frequencies, exhibiting counterintuitive quantum behaviors.
Researchers from Osaka University found that Japan's state of emergency declarations led to increased hygienic behaviors and risk perception, which persisted even after the policy was lifted. However, older people became less fearful of COVID-19 and were less likely to wear masks.
Researchers from Notre Dame and a Mexican hospital created a cooperative cancer monitoring tool to track children's health in low-income communities. The SaludConectaMX system aims to alleviate the challenges faced by families with pediatric cancer, including fragmented healthcare systems and limited access to resources.
Researchers found that training AI agents in a less noisy environment can lead to better performance than traditional methods. The indoor training effect suggests that constructing simulated environments with specific noise levels can improve AI learning.
A landmark global study has found that two-thirds of species are losing genetic diversity, but conservation efforts are helping to reverse this trend. The study, published in Nature, highlights the importance of initiatives such as habitat restoration, animal translocations, and population control.
Researchers developed a sustainable approach to improving polymer performance by using plasma treatment on polypropylene-lignin blends. The treated lignin exhibited increased phenoxy radicals and reduced hydroxyl functionalities, leading to enhanced compatibility with PP.
The study analyzed material from asteroid Bennu, finding evidence of building blocks of life, water, and energy. The team also discovered evaporites, which have been found on Earth in dried-out salt lakes, providing insights into the asteroid's formation.
A McGill University researcher has discovered a 15th-century Zapotec site in southern Oaxaca, Mexico, was a sprawling fortified city with over 1,100 buildings. The city's layout suggests the Zapotecs had a well-organized social structure and level of agency in negotiating with the Spanish.
Researchers created a 'Hyperelastic Torque Reversal Mechanism' that enables fast and powerful movements in soft robots made from rubber-like materials. The mechanism leverages the characteristics of soft hyperelastic materials to rapidly stiffen as they compress, allowing for rapid and efficient movement.
Researchers found that some materials can store and recall sequences under specific conditions, defying mathematical predictions. This phenomenon relies on 'frustrated' hysterons, which are key to forming and recovering a sequence with asymmetric driving.
Combining data from two major surveys of the universe's evolutionary history reveals a small discrepancy between expected clumpiness and observed matter distribution. This deviation could suggest unaccounted-for physics influencing cosmic structure formation, such as dark energy.
A predictive model developed by Ochsner Health researchers uses data-driven insights to determine whether urgent carotid-intervention patients will regain functional independence. The model has been shown to have a 93% accuracy rate and can help physicians tailor treatment plans and optimize intervention timing.
The study analyzed 63 tumor samples from 10 common malignancies, revealing how malignant cells specialize in growing tumors and non-cancer cells contribute to the immune system's suppression. The findings suggest a hierarchical structure of tumors with specific hallmark expression patterns.
Research reveals that Eurasian Steppe grasslands are more susceptible to drought than North American Great Plains due to lower plant diversity. The study found a 43% reduction in annual productivity in Eurasia compared to a 25% reduction in North America under similar extreme drought conditions.
Researchers gained insight into the early history of the solar system through well-preserved asteroid samples. The analysis revealed a variety of salts, including sodium carbonates, phosphates, sulphates, and chlorides, which formed from evaporation of brines. These findings may provide clues about the presence of life on distant icy b...
A UC Irvine-led study emphasizes the importance of fostering community ties, collaborating with emergency services, and implementing multilingual education campaigns to boost risk perception and preparedness among residents. The research found that short text messages and TV were preferred communication channels, while digital tools li...
The iKNOW system combines VR and AI features to provide a natural learning environment for students with autism. It includes avatar interactions and real-time speech recognition, allowing students to practice social skills in a more relatable setting.
The IN-PEACE randomized clinical trial integrated palliative care with state-of-the-art dementia care, cutting in half emergency department visits and hospitalizations among participants. This innovative approach benefited African American individuals and those with lower incomes the most, offering cost savings to the healthcare system.
Researchers found a genetic change, pR552*, that could give the RB1 gene a new function leading to cancer growth. This challenges the common belief that both copies of the RB1 gene must be damaged for cancer to develop.
A phase 2 clinical trial found that a combination of two HER2 inhibitors was more effective and better tolerated than standard EGFR inhibitor-based therapy for patients with HER2-positive metastatic colorectal cancer. The study showed that the level of HER2 amplification in tumors played a key role in determining treatment outcomes.
A new study reveals that despite decades of overfishing, Atlantic shortfin mako sharks still exhibit a relatively high level of genetic diversity. This means they have the potential to adapt to environmental changes and survive as our climate shifts. The research provides urgency to halt overfishing and protect this species.
Research at TU Wien shows that quantum systems exhibit increasing entropy over time, even in isolated systems. This reconciles quantum theory with thermodynamics by defining a 'Shannon entropy' that depends on measurement probabilities.
Associate Professor Elizabeth Tighe at Georgia State University has received the Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers, recognizing her exceptional potential for leadership in research. Her work focuses on adult literacy, developing instructional materials and interventions to support adults with reading challenges.
The BP-CATCH trial found significant racial and ethnic disparities in pediatric counseling for children with high blood pressure, but no disparities were observed among those with or without obesity. The study highlights the need to address these disparities to provide equitable care to all patients.
A new study by the University of Surrey found that warmer temperatures and certain weather conditions are associated with an increase in Salmonella cases. The research, which considered data from England, Wales, and the Netherlands, suggests that climate change is playing a significant role in the spread of this foodborne illness.
A new study found that adults with newly diagnosed sciatica who received chiropractic spinal manipulation experienced significantly lower rates of opioid-related adverse drug events compared to those receiving usual medical care. The study highlights the potential benefits of non-pharmacological approaches in managing pain.
A recent study by EPFL researchers improved the interpretability of wind power forecasting using explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) techniques. The approach helped identify key variables influencing wind turbine power output, leading to more credible and reliable predictions.
A new technique using optical coherence tomography (OCT) probe aims to improve kidney biopsy imaging, reducing failed surgeries and improving patient outcomes. The technology could also help identify tumor types and reduce cases of renal hemorrhage.
The partnership aims to strengthen ProRata's search engine, Gist.ai, by incorporating AAAS's open-access journal Science Advances and award-winning news stories. This will provide a more informed relationship between readers, AI tools, and original sources of scientific information.
Researchers at the University of Surrey propose a new approach to treating inflammatory diseases using personalized probiotic therapies. By analyzing large-scale computer models and computational methodologies, they can identify potential targets and design tailored treatments.
The Keysight-UMA Lab focuses on testing and measurement equipment for 6G networks, while the Victoria Network promotes technology through end-to-end solutions. The facilities aim to collaborate with industry and academic institutions, advancing 6G research in Spain and positioning the University of Malaga as an international benchmark.
The EU has listed phosphorus as a critical raw material due to supply disruptions and lack of substitutes. Green chemistry methods can contribute to more efficient production and use of multifunctional phosphorus compounds, including phosphonates.
A study published in PLOS One found that women face various barriers while exercising in gyms, including body image and harassment. Despite this, some women experience empowerment through skill acquisition and supportive environments.
Researchers developed a new microscopy technique, HS-iFM, to study the dynamic mechanical properties of Escherichia coli membranes. The technique revealed increased stiffening during cell division and observed visible bridges that formed and eventually broke.
A new meta-analysis of over 249 studies and 251,713 US teens finds that knowledge about safer sex is not enough to promote condom use. The study highlights the importance of confidence, planning, and effective communication with partners in encouraging condom use among teens.
Researchers at UC Davis created nanoislands with trapped platinum clusters, demonstrating improved hydrogenation catalytic activity and stability. The confinement of metal clusters on a tiny island of cerium oxide supports the production of stable catalysts for the chemical industry.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic developed patient-derived organoid models to study uveal melanoma, a common type of eye cancer. These 3D models accurately represent the disease's genetic and biological characteristics, enabling better understanding and treatment development.
Researchers developed an interactive tool to compare the efficiency of four sustainable propulsion systems: e-SAF, battery-electric, hydrogen fuel cell, and hydrogen combustion. The tool considers factors like renewable electricity required, sustainability, and cost. It aims to provide a strategy for thinking about sustainable aviation...