The INR-DR framework reduces streak artifacts in CT images with improved anatomy preservation. It outperforms traditional methods, offering a general strategy for inverse problems in sparse-view and low-dose CT.
A recent Finnish study found that more screen time since childhood is associated with better cognitive processing in adolescence. The researchers recommend encouraging active thinking and problem-solving through screen use. The study also highlights the importance of balancing physical activity and sedentary time to promote brain health.
The new journal, Neuropsychiatric Research, aims to address the challenges of neuropsychiatric disorders by exploring the brain–behavior interplay. Key findings include a projected tripling of dementia cases and rising incidence of mental disorders among adolescents and young adults.
A new study by Semmelweis University found that women with endometriosis lose an average of €1,757 in income each year due to work absences and reduced productivity. The condition affects 10% of women of reproductive age worldwide, causing chronic pelvic pain, painful periods, fatigue, and infertility.
Arctic cyclone clusters significantly impact sea ice cover, causing it to break up and reducing its extent. The storms also drive ice floes northwards, leading to a thinner and less resilient ice sheet.
A team of scientists has developed an implantable optical fiber electrochemical sensor to monitor state-of-charge in sodium-ion batteries. The sensor achieves sub-micron spatial resolution and refractive index resolution of 10^-6 RIU, allowing for precise tracking of ion kinetics.
Dysregulated neutrophils may play a key role in persistent low-grade inflammation seen in chronic coronary syndrome. Researchers found that neutrophils from patients with stable coronary artery disease do not die as they should, persisting and remaining highly active.
Researchers warn of the scale of radiation risks to passengers, crew and onboard systems during extreme space weather events. The study proposes a new atmospheric radiation scale to help support more informed decision-making in aviation.
A study found that people, including retail investors and financial professionals, often have different expectations for stock market returns due to varying mental models. Despite receiving outdated news, many respondents continued to expect higher returns, focusing solely on future profits rather than current share prices.
A review highlights the potential of reinforcement learning to optimize steel structure design, emphasizing the need for robust code compliance, manageable computational cost, and validated cross-structure generalization. Practical use requires independent engineering verification and testing across clearly defined structural families.
A team of scientists proposes a dispersion-assisted polarization engineering strategy to achieve high-purity linearly polarized emission from compact BIC lasers. The approach relies on far-field beam-polarization matching, resulting in consistent linear polarization across the entire beam cross-section. Experimental validation demonstr...
Researchers argue that addressing climate change requires a new approach, one that considers the strong coupling between climate and society. The authors propose the 'Möbius-based Coupling Climate-Social System' framework, which identifies three principles: human-environment coupling, telecoupling, and strategic coupling.
Using TaS2 as a model system, researchers demonstrate that coordinated interlayer sliding and intralayer atomic reconstruction can reorganize layered crystals into adaptive hetero-phase superlattices. This enables the construction of superlattice architectures and controlling emergent quantum states in layered materials.
A study of 120 women found that severe pelvic floor and anorectal symptoms are associated with more severe depressive symptoms and lower self-esteem. Chronic symptoms can lead to social isolation, reduced participation, and a sense of losing control over one's body.
Taylor & Francis is sharing standardized metadata for all new journal articles, including funding information and author details. Participating institutions will receive automated real-time notifications when their researchers publish in Taylor & Francis journals.
Researchers developed tiny ceramic microscrolls that can be unrolled and rolled up in a controlled manner using a magnet, inspired by the rolling motion of butterfly proboscis. The microscrolls have proven to be durable and can lift more than 30 times their own weight.
Researchers found that aged granulosa cells derived from iPSCs exhibit impaired germ cell differentiation due to age-related mitochondrial damage and nuclear ageing. However, inhibiting the ERK/MAPK pathway can partially rescue this defect, suggesting a promising strategy for improving germ cell regeneration.
Hankelformer improves forecasting of extreme weather events by capturing local spatiotemporal dynamics and enhancing feature invariance. It achieves state-of-the-art performance on multiple datasets, including energy, transportation, and extreme weather domains.
Researchers identify three water molecules as minimal unit for efficient catalytic dynamics in aqueous environments. The discovery reveals a unique 'structural switch' mechanism, enabling fast proton transport and resolving the long-standing question about the threshold required for collective catalysis.
Researchers have identified a naturally occurring gut molecule that strengthens chickens' immune response against bacterial infections. The compound, sodium butyrate, reprograms chicken immune cells to fight diseases without causing inflammation.
LipidLibrarian harmonizes fragmented lipid data from international databases, enabling researchers to identify new diagnostic markers quickly. The platform accelerates research processes and increases reproducibility in clinical projects investigating lipid profiles as potential biomarkers.
Researchers have identified a genetic mechanism that coordinates flower development and fruit formation in tomato plants, enabling them to produce fruit more reliably during challenging growing conditions. The discovery could lead to the development of seedless tomatoes with improved yield and quality.
Scientists discovered that ribosomes struggle synthesizing transmembrane proteins, triggering quality control mechanisms to eliminate defective proteins. This new insight sheds light on a novel role of protein quality control at the ribosome, potentially leading to treatments for genetic diseases like cystic fibrosis.
A new study found that negotiation is a routine part of daily life, with over 30% of social interactions involving some form of negotiation. The most common process was agreement-seeking and joint decision-making, not the zero-sum exchange typically associated with negotiation.
A multiprogram enrollment application can conserve valuable time and resources by enabling people to apply to several public benefit programs at once. States can simplify applications by shortening them, incorporating autopopulated responses, and updating systems to identify complex cases.
A research team at Case Western Reserve University is developing a non-invasive oral cancer test that can diagnose the disease in minutes. The test uses a simple oral swab and measures the ratio of two naturally occurring peptides, offering a promising alternative to current biopsy methods.
Researchers at UT Health San Antonio have uncovered how the liver's internal clock coordinates the release of proteins that regulate metabolism. The findings suggest that understanding this internal clock could help guide future research on metabolic disease and inform optimal timing for meals and medication.
Kartik Srinivasan has been appointed as the new editor-in-chief of Optica Quantum, bringing extensive expertise in quantum photonics and a distinguished record of scientific leadership. He will work to support the journal's success and serve its community with an exceptional editorial board and support team.
Researchers from Children's Hospital of Philadelphia have found distinct genetic architecture in pediatric-onset rheumatic and inflammatory diseases compared to adults. The study identified 39 genome-wide significant variants associated with immune responses, including previously unreported variants.
Researchers combined AI, genetics, and gut microbiome analysis to shed light on intestinal fibrosis in Crohn's disease. They identified a shared set of 43 key genes linked to disease progression and found that bowel fibrosis is driven by ongoing immune activation, damage to the intestinal lining, and changes in gut bacteria.
Scientists found that a type of supernova explosion could create the necessary elements for planets, including water, around 100 million years after the Big Bang. This discovery suggests that planet formation may have occurred earlier than previously thought.
Researchers discovered a statistically significant reduction in premature atrial contractions after cannabis inhalation, with no impact on daily activity levels. The findings challenge assumptions about the cardiovascular effects of cannabis and may lead to new approaches for preventing or treating abnormal heart rhythms.
Researchers at Seoul National University developed a technology to mass-produce 6G antennas on wafers, integrating antennas and RF semiconductor switches. This approach enables the production of ultra-high-density antenna arrays required for 6G and satellite communications in smaller form factors.
The review highlights security and ethical risks in AI-powered embodied systems, including hallucinations, synthetic forgeries, and adversarial attacks. It proposes a roadmap toward dependable embodied intelligence through safeguards like contextual checking, forgery detection, and risk-aware reasoning.
A study identifies clear body-shape differences between wild and farmed populations of the stinging catfish, revealing how natural habitats and hatchery conditions can impact diversity. The research provides a framework for selecting diverse broodstock and preserving valuable wild morphotypes to support more resilient and sustainable a...
A team proposes a new theoretical framework called Non-Hermitian Statistical Crystallography to jointly control light absorption and amplification. They extend research on controlling light scattering beyond conventional crystal structures to disordered systems, enabling 'stealthy hyperuniformity' and precision directional control.
The new group aims to develop a complete geometric classification of wave functions for crystalline systems, predicting promising materials for photovoltaics and controlling properties. Dr Johannes Mitscherling's team combines solid-state physics with geometry and quantum information to uncover novel phenomena in crystals.
A new study finds that ancient trees preserve rare genetic variation that is poorly represented elsewhere. The research suggests that population history, rather than tree age, contributes to the evolutionary importance of these trees.
Insilico Medicine has nominated ISM0900, a potent and selective oral Lp(a) inhibitor, as a preclinical candidate for managing cardiovascular risks. The compound demonstrates rapid onset, excellent oral pharmacokinetics, and superior efficacy in reducing Lp(a) levels.
Two remote Rossby wave trains converged to strengthen pressure gradients over northern China, driving the extreme wind event. The team found that these large-scale patterns were boosted by anomalous atmospheric circulation and enhanced winds in northern China.
A new study from Florida Atlantic University finds that men who consume high amounts of ultra-processed foods have increased risks of prostate cancer. Men with the highest UPF intake had a possible 34% higher risk, although the finding did not reach statistical significance.
The study identified RTN4IP1 as a factor associated with poor prognosis in triple-negative breast cancer, promoting metastasis through NAD⁺ depletion and disrupting glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation. RTN4IP1 interacts with AK4 to cause this metabolic disruption.
A new study reveals a way to generate naturally occurring hydrogen through magnetite reactions with hot water deep underground. The team found a method to stimulate hydrogen production in banded iron formations, significantly increasing the resource's potential.
Researchers at Tufts University have developed a new approach to understanding famines as complex systems that evolve over time. This approach considers multiple interacting factors, including conflict, drought, and economic shocks, and aims to improve famine prevention and response.
A team of researchers has developed a compact, rechargeable supercapacitor that can be disassembled into reusable components, reducing electronic waste. The device uses zinc ions in a water-based electrolyte and dissolvable adhesives, allowing it to be recycled multiple times with minimal loss of performance.
The BEST-BE observational study will track the incidence of pulmonary exacerbations, health-related quality of life changes, and adverse events in adults with non-CF bronchiectasis. The study aims to deepen evidence on brensocatib's long-term efficacy and safety profile.
A study revealed that mice have a constant fraction of their egg reserves ready for activation, despite aging and identical DNA. The ovary has an actively monitored system that keeps track of its egg supply, challenging the traditional view of ovaries as passive reservoirs.
Recent research explores the use of nanomaterial-based drug delivery to increase treatment efficacy for glioblastoma, a type of brain tumor with poor prognosis. Stimuli-responsive and biomimetic nanomedicines are designed to overcome the blood–brain barrier and deliver drugs selectively within tumors.
Researchers developed a novel semiconductor integration platform, BBCube, combining advanced chip packaging, high-density interconnects, and improved thermal management. This enables more precise chip placement, faster communication, and efficient cooling for powerful and energy-efficient AI accelerators.
Researchers analyzed European viper venom samples to investigate how they are shaped by competing demands of catching prey and defending against predators. The study found no evidence that venom components directly activate pain-sensing nerve cells, instead suggesting that hunting efficiency is the primary driver of venom evolution.
A study from Karolinska Institutet found that people treated with modern NOAC blood-thinning medicines experienced a slower rate of cognitive decline compared to those receiving warfarin or no anticoagulant treatment. This was associated with lower risk of other health problems, including death, stroke, and fractures.
Engineers at MIT have created an interactive platform that maps habitat design factors to behavioral health outcomes such as stress, anxiety, and feelings of isolation in extreme environments. The study's findings can be applied to designing habitats in space, submarines, polar expeditions, and other isolated settings.
Researchers studied ancient penguin fossils on Seymour Island to understand past climate change. The analysis of chemical elements across the bones revealed differences in elemental composition between warm and cool periods.
Researchers found that electrifying kilns and using DAC can significantly reduce cement production's climate impact. The technology removes more CO₂ than it generates over its lifecycle, with efficiencies ranging from 85-96% depending on the energy mix used.
A new study confirms that oxytocin selectively increases trusting behavior in men with a low disposition to trust, regardless of their trust scores. The hormone's effect persists even after controlling for personality traits, suggesting that oxytocin may intensify the expectation of cooperation and reduce fear of being cheated.
KIST-Ocean, an AI-based global ocean prediction model, has been developed to overcome limitations of existing ocean models. It forecasts the three-dimensional state of the ocean at five-day intervals and can generate changes down to a depth of 600 meters with significant computational efficiency.
According to a national survey commissioned by The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, most U.S. adults believe brain health habits should begin before age 40. Regular exercise, quality sleep, healthy eating, and strong social connections can help support long-term brain health.
A national survey reveals half of sleep-deprived nursing moms rely on AI for breastfeeding advice, often leading to preventable health scares. Pediatricians emphasize the importance of human guidance and expertise over AI-driven solutions.
A new study found that social disadvantage significantly amplifies adverse health trajectories in women with early natural menopause. Unemployment was strongly associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality and incident dementia, emphasizing the need for comprehensive assessments of social determinants of health.
Scientists at Gladstone Institutes and UCSF discovered a pair of genetic edits that make CAR-T cells more effective against solid tumors. The new CRISPR screening platform enables the study of gene edits on CAR-T cells inside living mice, uncovering therapeutic targets previously missed in conventional cell culture systems.