Quzhou Fructus Aurantii ethyl acetate extract (QFAEE) significantly ameliorates liver enlargement, lipid accumulation, and liver injury in MASH models. It activates the PPARalpha signaling pathway, upregulating CPT1A and downregulating lipogenic markers.
Researchers found that using the loose side of thin wood sheets as the tension surface reduces stress concentration and improves bending performance. This technique resulted in significant cost savings and waste reduction, making it an attractive alternative to traditional reinforcement methods.
A 2-year multicenter cohort study found that most hospitalized survivors maintained or regained cognitive function after Omicron infection, while older and reinfected patients may face progressive decline. The study identified age, infection history, and disease severity as risk factors for progressive decline.
Researchers developed a method to enrich EVs from whole blood, capturing complementary biological information lost in plasma or serum analysis. This approach may support deeper investigation of disease mechanisms and discovery of circulating biomarkers.
UM171 molecule helps retain stem cell properties, stimulating multiplication, and exploits protein KBTBD4 to break down important protein structure CoREST. This mechanism is also affected by mutations in KBTBD4 gene, linked to aggressive brain tumours in children.
MDS26 focuses on high-dimensional data analysis, scalability, and parallel algorithms, highlighting advances in mathematical and computational methods. Researchers and practitioners will engage with emerging ideas, share insights, and define the next generation of mathematics for data science.
Researchers demonstrate optical Magnus effect in trapped calcium ion, affecting laser control in quantum computers, with potential for complex computations and precise qubit coupling. The effect's magnitude depends solely on the wavelength of the light, not the laser's focus.
Researchers at Boston Medical Center and Boston University have developed a scalable method for generating CD4+ helper T cells from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), overcoming a longstanding challenge in the development of stem cell-based immunotherapies. This breakthrough could help advance efforts to create off-the-shelf CAR-T...
Researchers at MIT developed bifur-circuits, a new type of shape-changing smart device that can be reconfigured to form different shapes and maintain electrical connections. These interactive building blocks can be used to create adaptable smart devices, such as assistive furniture and reconfigurable robotic grippers.
Mayo Clinic joins a consortium to develop affordable, scalable gene-editing therapies for children with rare inherited immune disorders. Researchers will use CRISPR-based technologies to repair disease-causing errors in blood-forming stem cells.
A new UC Irvine study suggests that social media posts can reveal where Californians may be most vulnerable to extreme heat. Researchers analyzed 24,598 heat-related posts on Twitter, finding correlations between housing, transportation, and life impacts on the effects of heat.
The conference focuses on mathematical issues in imaging, expanding its reach in science and medicine. Challenges span multiple disciplines, including physics, engineering, mathematics, and data science.
Scientists at UCSF QBI mapped 1,800 protein interactions across 100 autism risk genes, revealing how diverse genetic mutations converge on shared molecular pathways. The study provides a framework for designing medicines that target multiple genetic forms of autism simultaneously, offering advantages in brain delivery and tolerability.
Researchers found that theta oscillations during learning predicted which experiences were remembered after sleep, and this pattern was associated with better memory performance. The study suggests that the brain may use theta oscillations to 'tag' experiences for later memory consolidation during sleep.
Researchers at the University of Toronto have developed a next-generation RNA therapeutic approach that can treat a wide range of genetic diseases by helping cells read through premature stop signals. The approach, centered on transfer RNA, has shown promise in laboratory and preclinical models of cystic fibrosis, and may be combined w...
A machine-learning tool built from Swedish national health registry data can predict hip fracture risk with high accuracy and identify individuals at high risk without in-person assessment. The tool performed nearly seven times better than current screening methods in identifying at-risk individuals.
A University of Michigan study found that El Niño events have become nearly 40% stronger in the last 40 years than in the pre-industrial era. The study, which examined modern and ancient corals in the Galápagos Islands, found that El Niño events in the last four decades were stronger than any in the 1,000 years prior to about 1850.
Researchers analyzed 22 gecko species to track sex chromosome origins in real time, revealing a 'sex chromosome birth pulse' linked to climate disruption. Geckos' diverse sex chromosomes are influenced by climate, genomic predisposition, and selective pressure.
The grant will support QBI's role in ARIA's Protein-Protein Interactions Hub, mapping disrupted protein complexes and developing mechanism-based small molecule medicines. The work aims to move from fundamental science to therapeutic discovery for people with autism and others on the spectrum.
The 2026 vehicle emissions standard rollback is founded on faulty assumptions, according to a recent study. The analysis hinges on incorrect valuation of fuel savings, which results in billions of dollars in benefits being removed from vehicle emissions standards. A new framework for translating consumer behavior into cost-benefit anal...
Researchers found that 92% of magnitude-3-or-greater injection-induced earthquakes were preceded by detectable foreshocks. Foreshock productivity and patterns reflect the interplay between fluid injection, seismogenic index, and fault stress state.
A new therapy using chemically enhanced suppressor tRNAs and lung-targeted delivery restores CFTR protein production and function in models of cystic fibrosis. The approach overcomes challenges of inefficient readthrough and immunogenicity, offering a promising treatment for the genetic disorder.
A 1,000-year record from Galápagos corals shows El Niño is intensifying due to climate change, with ENSO variability 37% higher than during the preindustrial era. This increase in El Niño events poses growing risks to ecosystems, infrastructure, and human societies.
Researchers at the University of York have uncovered the neural mechanism that instructs the brain to prioritize and strengthen important memories during sleep. This 'tagging' mechanism, linked to a specific brainwave pattern, helps the brain filter out irrelevant details and retain key experiences.
Researchers discovered that SGLT2 inhibitors activate PANK1, a key enzyme that boosts energy production and improves heart function in heart failure patients. Increasing CoA production improved the ability of human heart cells to contract and relax, two critical functions impaired in heart failure.
A new stepwise evaporation method called Step-Eva has been developed to reduce contact resistance in transistors. This process enables the direct in situ growth of single-crystal metal films on semiconductors, promoting atomic diffusion and facilitating lateral domain coalescence. The resulting single-crystal metal contacts exhibit low...
The conflict in Iran is driving people away from fossil fuels, with the world less economically reliant on them. Effective solutions include deep investments in clean energy, public transportation, and urban planning, as well as emergency measures like cash transfers and targeted assistance for low-income households.
Researchers trained AI on stick insect walking cycle to find optimal walking strategy, resulting in a six-legged robot that can navigate treacherous terrain and adapt to missing limbs. The approach allows for cheaper and faster robot production, enabling potential disaster response applications.
A research team tracked the crystallization process of HZO thin films in real-time, revealing that oxygen vacancies affect the material's performance. Films with fewer oxygen vacancies crystallized at lower temperatures and formed the ferroelectric phase required for information storage more favorably.
A team of researchers observed a fish-prawn hybrid, Scalicus engyceros, walking backward in the deep sea. The creature's unique features, including its pectoral-fin rays and barbels, enable it to sense prey and balance during walking and swimming.
Researchers have estimated that the unknown absorber in Venus's clouds must absorb light very efficiently, occur at a high concentration, or both, with a required decadic absorption coefficient reaching approximately 1,278 cm-1 at 375 nm. This suggests that highly absorbing conjugated organic molecules could be the culprit, but the stu...
The SIBAF project at GSI/FAIR aims to develop innovative fusion materials and accelerator technology for future fusion power plants. The €9.7 million funding will support the creation of a unique accelerator-based infrastructure for rapid material qualification.
A team of scientists developed a high-throughput platform to fabricate optical neural networks at visible wavelengths, achieving record speeds and low energy consumption. Four million neurons were printed on a millimeter-scale chip in just 15 minutes.
Researchers developed graded membranes to separate complex hydrocarbons mixtures into valuable products. The strategy demonstrated molecular-level fractionation of light naphtha, achieving a recovery rate of 85-90% and reducing energy consumption by 91% compared to conventional distillation.
Researchers at Charité report significant success in treating severe rheumatoid arthritis with CD19 CAR T cells, reducing disease activity and promoting sustained remission in patients. The treatment targets disease-driving B cells, allowing the immune system to reset and eliminate harmful antibodies.
The MDPI Subject Workshop: Microelectronics, Microsystems, Sensors, and Their Applications will explore a broad range of topics, including microelectronics, microsystems, sensors, and their applications. Researchers and industry professionals will gather to exchange knowledge and discuss emerging technologies.
The integration of carbon dots with nanowires overcomes aggregation issues, enabling precise spectral filtering and optical confinement for enhanced photoluminescence. This scalable host-guest architecture offers a powerful platform for nanophotonic light sources in sensing, communication, and quantum technologies.
A review by Professor Di Wang and Dr. Zheyu Chi proposes a conceptual framework in which immunometabolism is shaped by the local repair niche, influencing tissue repair trajectories. Organ-specific metabolic microenvironments uniquely shape immune cell function, necessitating targeted therapeutic interventions.
A team of scientists has successfully synthesized four distinct topological architectures, including a molecular-tweezer-like compound and an 8<sub>18</sub> knot, through coordination-angle-controlled self-assembly. The research establishes a novel platform for developing functional materials with exceptional photothermal conversion pr...
A new study examines death-related conceptual metaphors employed by neurosurgeon Paul Kalanithi in his memoir, shedding light on how he depicted death after being diagnosed with stage IV lung cancer. The research reveals that Kalanithi predominantly conceptualizes death as a transition or movement, followed by a negative presence.
Researchers at JAX-NYSCF will create and share human stem cell models to better understand Parkinson's disease development. The team aims to create a shared platform of rigorously validated models, data, and protocols to accelerate therapeutic discovery.
Researchers developed a microneedle patch that can detect early signs of kidney injury, stabilizing biomolecules in high-heat settings. The patch, coated with a metal-organic framework, preserves NGAL antibodies, a clinically validated biomarker for kidney damage.
A new study by ZOE found that 83% of participants lost weight in 12-15 weeks by following personalized food advice, without relying on calorie counting or restrictive dieting. The average weight loss was 3 kg, with 34% achieving a 5% body weight loss, considered clinically meaningful.
Wei Xu, a Marshall University researcher, has received two NIH grants to investigate new approaches for combating antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections. His projects focus on CAUTIs and Group A Streptococcus skin infections, with potential breakthroughs in biomarkers and therapies that prevent biofilm formation.
Researchers developed packing models that incorporate item priority, location, and weight distribution to optimize spatial usage and improve efficiencies in logistics and storage. The models provide fast and high-quality solutions to packing challenges in military and real-world applications.
A new study casts doubt on a leading theory linking dark matter and stellar streams, revealing that the host galaxy itself plays a significant role in shaping these streams. The simulations show that the structure of the galaxy causes irregularities in the streams, which could be mistaken for dark matter's gravitational tug.
Researchers have provided the first experimental evidence that strong magnetic fields surrounding active stars can completely suppress coronal mass ejections. This discovery helps explain why CMEs are rarely observed on stars other than the Sun.
When multiple evolutionary paths are equally advantageous, organisms tend to drift toward flatter regions of the evolutionary landscape, favoring traits that provide greater robustness and tolerance. This suggests that biological robustness and resilience can emerge spontaneously through evolutionary dynamics.
Portland State University has been awarded a $5.9 million NSF grant to accelerate research translation and strengthen the regional economy. The grant aims to close the gap between research strength and industry needs, with a focus on artificial intelligence, semiconductors, and transportation.
Researchers used AI to solve a decades-old fluid mechanics problem in five weeks, but found that the AI made subtle errors along the way. The breakthrough could improve how scientists study nanoparticles, but highlights the need for careful validation of AI-generated work.
NeuroSyn decodes movement intentions and tracks nerve recovery in real-time, capturing continuous recovery dynamics. The device achieves high signal-to-noise ratio and accurate motor intention decoding, making it a potential tool for exoskeleton-based rehabilitation.
Researchers from KTH Royal Institute of Technology developed a novel technique to manufacture nanoscale sensors, allowing for mass production in conventional semiconductor plants. The method, likened to uprooting a tree stump, creates nanopores in thin membranes for DNA analysis and molecule detection.
Researchers used directed evolution to boost bacterial tolerance to industrial spray-drying, improving survival by 1000-fold. The genetic basis of this newfound toughness was linked to a mutation in the pepC gene, which truncates the protein and likely abolishes its enzymatic activity.
Researchers have documented glycan-glycan interactions between gangliosides and their impact on EGF receptor dimerization and activation. This study provides a new mechanism regulating EGFR activity, which may have implications for future cancer research.
Transparent ferroelectric ceramics face trade-offs between transparency and functionality due to multiscale structural features. Strategies such as pressure-assisted sintering, grain refinement, and domain engineering can reduce optical scattering, but may alter polarization switching, piezoelectric activity, and thermal stability.
Phosvitin phosphopeptides from chicken egg yolks demonstrate strong antioxidative and neuroprotective effects, reducing ROS and increasing cell viability in SH-SY-5Y cells. Further research is needed to confirm their value as potential food/nutraceutical ingredients and determine their dosage and safety in humans and animals.
Researchers found that a combination of sucrose and supercritical carbon dioxide can improve egg white protein foam's foaming ability and stability. The treatment increases foaming capacity and preserves stability, enabling better freeze-thaw resistance in liquid egg white products.
A study published in JAMA Network Open reveals that nearly 1 in 3 women in their 20s have never been screened for cervical cancer, with 45% of this age group unvaccinated against HPV. The trend is particularly concerning among uninsured women, those living in the South, and racial minorities.
A low-carb ketogenic diet was found to improve liver health and blood sugar control more significantly than other diets, reducing liver fat by 67% and lowering blood glucose measurements by 20%. The study suggests that weight loss alone is not enough to combat metabolic health risks and that dietary choice remains an important factor.
A clinical trial found that a ketogenic diet significantly improves metabolic health in people with obesity, with 50% of participants no longer meeting the criteria for prediabetes. The diet also showed the greatest improvements in liver health and insulin sensitivity.