A new study led by Johns Hopkins Medicine has shown that targeted radiation during surgery can reduce pancreatic cancer recurrence rates to 5%. By targeting the 'Baltimore triangle' near the pancreas, researchers were able to eliminate cancer cells and prevent recurrences.
A Johns Hopkins-led study has found that two analgesic drugs, bupivacaine and rimegepant, can slow the growth of osteosarcoma tumors by inhibiting nerve signaling. The researchers tested these medications in mice with osteosarcoma-like tumors and observed a significant reduction in tumor growth and spread.
A new study published in JAMA demonstrates that an AI-powered lifestyle intervention app for prediabetes can reduce the risk of diabetes similarly to traditional, human-led programs. The app achieved higher rates of program initiation and completion compared to traditional programs.
The study found that using circulating tumor DNA to guide treatment resulted in fewer recurrences, hospitalizations, and treatment side effects among patients who tested negative for ctDNA. Patients with positive results did not see improved outcomes from escalated therapy.
Researchers found that caregivers often change safe sleep practices for infants when they are ill, which can increase the risk of sudden unexpected infant death. The study's findings emphasize the need for targeted interventions to reinforce safe sleep practices during illness.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine discovered how brain cells form networks of nanotubes to transport toxic molecules, including amyloid-beta, which accumulates in Alzheimer's disease. This finding may advance understanding of the disease and pave the way for potential new therapies.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University discovered a novel way to boost the natural immune system, which prevents cancer recurrence and improves survival rates. The study used immune-activating agents to stimulate killer T cells and induce the formation of tumor-specific IgG antibodies.
Researchers found significant decline in neonatal male circumcision rates across most patient and hospital subgroups, including whites. Cultural influences and parental distrust of medical advice may contribute to the decline.
A Johns Hopkins Medicine-led study predicts that ending federal funding for the Ryan White Program could lead to a 49% increase in new HIV infections across US cities by 2030. The program provides comprehensive medical care and treatment services for approximately 500,000 people annually.
A new study demonstrates the safety and potential benefits of a perioperative combination immune checkpoint blockade in resectable mesothelioma. Patients treated with the regimen lived a median of 28.6 months, with nearly 36% alive and recurrence-free at follow-up.
The study found that increasing Piezo1 activity leads to a coordinated response, resulting in increased skin surface area and thickness. The findings could ultimately help doctors develop noninvasive therapeutic approaches to create new skin for treating burns and other injuries.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine reveal a potential molecular link between air pollutants and an increased risk of developing Lewy body dementia. Exposure to fine particulate air pollution (PM2.5) triggered the formation of abnormal alpha-synuclein clumps in mice, similar to those found in human patients with Lewy body dementia.
A recent study sequenced human cancers and found little evidence of microbial DNA sequences, contradicting earlier claims. However, microbes linked to human cancer were detected, including HPV, Helicobacter pylori, and Fusobacterium nucleatum.
A multicenter study found significant variation in how US hospitals define blood culture contamination, which can lead to inaccurate diagnoses and unnecessary treatments. The study suggests that standardizing definitions could improve the accuracy of diagnoses and optimize treatments.
Researchers have developed a novel urine-based test to identify prostate cancer using biomarkers TTC3, H4C5, and EPCAM. The three-biomarker panel accurately detected prostate cancer 91% of the time and ruled out non-cancerous conditions 84% of the time in validation studies.
Researchers have developed a blood test that can detect ALS up to a decade before symptoms appear, offering new avenues for early diagnosis and potential treatment. The test has been shown to be highly accurate, detecting changes in blood proteins indicative of the disease.
Researchers developed a multi-analyte test that accurately identifies brain cancers using small samples of cerebrospinal fluid, offering a promising new tool for guiding clinical decision-making. The test combines multiple biological markers and demonstrates high sensitivity and specificity in detecting central nervous system cancers.
Researchers developed a new AI method, MIGHT, to improve the accuracy of medical diagnostics. It outperformed traditional methods in detecting cancer from blood samples and showed promise for other applications.
A study found amyloid beta protein particles build up in the bone marrow of aging mice, impairing bone-building cells and activating bone-resorbing cells. Removing senescent fat cells or blocking a protein called SAP/PTX2 may offer potential new targets for preventing or treating bone loss and Alzheimer’s disease.
Researchers found that a protein called intersectin separates message-bearing bubbles in brain cells at the synapse, enabling the brain to decide when to use them. This discovery advances our understanding of memory formation and learning, and may lead to new treatments for cognitive disorders like Down syndrome and Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers develop computer program that mimics human and animal cell behavior in various parts of the body. The new 'virtual cell lab' can simulate drug responses, gene environment interactions, and other dynamic cellular molecular processes, enabling scientists to test hypotheses before conducting costly live-cell experiments.
Researchers found that radiation plus immunotherapy induces a systemic anti-tumor immune response in non-small cell lung cancer, even in tumors that do not typically respond to immunotherapy. The combination therapy improved clinical response in patients whose tumors harbor features of immunotherapy resistance.
A Johns Hopkins Medicine team found the liver-damaging hepatitis C virus in the brain's choroid plexus, a structure targeted by viruses, in individuals with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. The study suggests that HCV infections may be associated with disease cause rather than behaviors.
Cancer cells utilize more energy from a less efficient pathway, but researchers found that power-generating waves on the cell membrane could be used to stage cancers and target drugs. Measuring these waves may help stage cancers in a standardized way.
Researchers found increased activity in two brain areas when participants reported cognitive fatigue: the right insula and dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex. These areas work together to regulate mental effort, suggesting that external incentives can prompt increased cognitive effort.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine have made a breakthrough in developing a gene therapy that can permanently put HIV into a dormant state. The therapy uses human immune system cells and amplifies a molecule within HIV that induces long-term dormancy.
Researchers discovered a new tumor-suppressive response targeting RNA Polymerase 1, inhibiting cancer cell growth and enhancing responsiveness to immunotherapies. The Pol 1 inhibitor BOB-42 reduced tumor growth by up to 77% in melanoma and colorectal cancers.
A new study finds that a lower-sodium DASH-style diet can produce clinically meaningful reductions in blood pressure for adults with type 2 diabetes. The study, which modified the original DASH diet for people with type 2 diabetes, achieved a 5-point reduction in systolic blood pressure, resulting in lower risks of stroke, cardiovascul...
Researchers detected genetic material from tumors in the bloodstream three years before cancer diagnosis. This early detection provides time for intervention and potentially more curable treatments.
A five-year analysis of the CheckMate-816 clinical trial shows that immunotherapy plus chemotherapy before lung cancer surgery significantly improves long-term survival. Patients who achieved complete remission had a 95% five-year survival rate.
A Johns Hopkins Medicine study finds that SARS-CoV-2 corrupts white blood cells, specifically neutrophils, to impair the production of immune cells critical for fighting COVID-19. This reprogramming may lead to severe COVID cases by weakening the immune response against the virus.
Researchers developed an artificial intelligence technique that detects DNA fragments in patient blood to monitor treatment response. The ARTEMIS-DELFI approach was found to be more effective and simpler than existing methods, allowing for quicker identification of patients who are not responding to therapy.
A study led by Johns Hopkins Medicine found a genetic mutation, F722fs, in the MMS22L gene that is associated with a higher risk of prostate cancer. The researchers identified this mutation in Ashkenazi Jewish men and found it was linked to increased sensitivity to a specific anticancer therapy.
A study led by Johns Hopkins Medicine scientists found that rearranged genes in a rare type of kidney cancer form liquid droplets that turn on cancer-promoting genes. By disrupting these droplets, researchers may develop new therapies for this currently untreatable cancer.
Using advanced laboratory techniques, doctors can gain a wealth of knowledge about glioblastoma tumors from small tissue samples. Researchers found that even small samples can yield additional insights into tumor biology, immune interactions, and molecular pathways.
A new study by Johns Hopkins Medicine researchers identifies anti-TFAM antibodies as a significant risk factor for thrombotic events in people with lupus. These antibodies attack an essential protein crucial for maintaining the health of mitochondria, leading to damage and increased risk of blood clots.
A study led by Johns Hopkins Medicine researchers found that low blood sugar contributes to eye damage and vision loss in diabetic retinopathy. The research suggests that an experimental drug called 32-134D may help treat the condition by inhibiting the HIF protein, which triggers a chain reaction leading to blood vessel leakage.
Adding an experimental cancer drug to standard TB treatment reduces lung damage and prevents post-TB lung disease in mice. Researchers found that the drug doubled pulmonary apoptosis and reduced lung scarring by 40% compared to standard treatments.
A study by Johns Hopkins Medicine found that older adults with cancer benefit equally from immunotherapy treatments as younger patients, with key differences in their immune responses and cells. Researchers hope to develop new therapies tailored to different age groups' needs and improve treatment success.
A recent study of 249,190 individuals found a significant link between exclusive e-cigarette use and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and hypertension in adults aged 30-70. In contrast, traditional combustible cigarette smoking was associated with increased risks for various cardiometabolic diseases.
A new study by Johns Hopkins Medicine researchers has identified a protein called QRICH1 as a potential target for fine-tuning treatments for cancer and autoimmune diseases. The protein regulates T-cell response, and drugs could be designed to control its activity.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine have discovered how a group of proteins linked to Parkinson's and ALS act as 'guardians' of mitochondria, maintaining their normal size and function. The study found that when mitochondria become too large, they leak mitochondrial DNA into the cytosol, triggering an inflammatory response.
Researchers discovered that normal pancreatic cells can temporarily retain 'memory' of cancer-linked epigenetic marks, even in the absence of genetic mutations. This finding suggests a key role for epigenetic memory in cancer development and may explain increasing cancer rates in young people.
Researchers developed a novel blood test that accurately indicates spinal cord injury (SCI) severity and predicts potential recovery. The test identifies multiple biomarkers, including DNA and proteins, to rapidly diagnose SCI and project long-term neurological functional recovery.
Scientists have used a cryo-electron microscope to capture detailed images of glutamate molecules interacting with AMPA receptors, revealing the chemical flow that enables learning and thinking in brain cells. The findings could lead to the development of new drugs to treat conditions like epilepsy and intellectual disorders.
Researchers James Berger and Gregory Dale Kirk, from Johns Hopkins Medicine, have been elected 2024 AAAS Fellows. They are recognized for their distinguished efforts to advance science in biophysics and infectious diseases epidemiology.
Researchers have identified a potential new gene target, FLT1, that could be edited to treat sickle cell disease by increasing fetal hemoglobin levels. The study found 14 new genetic markers associated with fetal hemoglobin production, which could help preserve the type of hemoglobin present at birth.
Scientists at Johns Hopkins Medicine discovered how bacteria protect themselves from certain phage invaders by seizing genetic material from weakened, dormant phages and forming a biological 'memory' that their offspring inherit. This process allows the bacteria to recognize and fight off similar viruses in the future.
Research reveals that dry air caused by climate change dehydrates airways, triggering inflammation and associated conditions like asthma and chronic cough. Higher temperatures and drier air may lead to widespread airway inflammation in the US by mid-century.
A global analysis of 375 published studies reveals that 40% of adults with chronic pain experience clinically significant depression and anxiety. The study emphasizes the need for routine screening, better access to specialty care, and innovative therapies to address this significant public health concern.