Articles tagged with Myeloid Leukemia
A CRISPR screening tool identified ZMYND8, an epigenetic regulatory protein, as a potential new therapeutic target for acute myeloid leukemia. Inhibiting ZMYND8 has been shown to leave cancer cells with smaller tumors and better survival in mouse models.
A recent study has uncovered the evolutionary forces at play in the aging of the blood system and identified individuals at increased risk of blood cancer. The research provides a robust indicator for classifying patients with ARCH mutations, allowing for more frequent screening and early treatment.
Researchers investigated eltrombopag's iron chelating properties and their effects on cytarabine antineoplastic activity in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell lines. ELT improves cytarabine's efficacy, reducing viability and increasing apoptosis in AML cells.
A new study published in Blood Cancer Discovery reveals that children with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who have more DNA changes in their blood stem cells are more likely to survive. The researchers hope that this finding can be used as a tool to identify high-risk patients and improve treatment outcomes.
Researchers discovered that AML cells regulate mutant IDH2 activity through a master regulator, FLT3, to control 2-HG production. This understanding allows for better treatment options with current IDH2-targeting medications.
The investigational therapy ficlatuzumab, targeting the extracellular hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), showed clinical efficacy in patients with relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia. A 53% complete response rate was observed, with improved progression-free and overall survival rates.
Researchers evaluated Tomivosertib's therapeutic potential on AML cells and found it to be highly effective at blocking eIF4E phosphorylation. Combination with Venetoclax resulted in synergistic anti-leukemic responses. The study also identified novel putative MNK1/2 interactors.
Research at Kumamoto University found that LSD1 produces unique metabolic profiles depending on the type of acute myeloid leukemia cells. LSD1 inhibitors may be effective in treating erythroleukemia (EL) with high LSD1 expression levels, and could lead to personalized therapies for various leukemia types.
Research found that activating plasmacytoid dendritic cells with interferon-beta increases CD40 expression and induces CD38 upregulation on AML cells, leading to antibody-mediated killing. This mechanism may provide a novel therapeutic approach for acute myeloid leukemia.
Researchers discovered that acute myeloid leukemia cancer cells depend on the Fanconi anemia pathway, which can be inhibited to kill cancer cells. This finding could lead to more effective and safer cancer treatments.
A study reveals that secreted cell factors, particularly TGFβ1, inhibit hematopoiesis in humans with acute myeloid leukemia. Blocking TGFβ1 could improve hematopoiesis in AML patients.
A University of Guelph study identifies a compound in avocados that targets an enzyme critical for cancer cell growth, offering a potential route to better leukemia treatment. The compound, derived from avocado, has been shown to inhibit the enzyme VLCAD involved in leukemia cell metabolism.
Researchers at Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute have identified two potential drug candidates for a deadly AML subtype in children. JAK inhibitors and Mepron showed promise in slowing human AML cell growth and extending survival in mice with the CALM-AF10 mutation.
A new study confirms that children with Down syndrome have a substantially increased risk of developing acute myeloid leukemia (AML) before age 5. The research found that 2.8% of children with Down syndrome were diagnosed with leukemia, compared to 0.05% of other children.
Researchers at McMaster University have discovered a dopamine receptor pathway that becomes abnormally activated in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cancer stem cells. This led to the clinical investigation of thioridazine as a new therapy for adult AML patients, revealing encouraging results.
Researchers identified two unique subtypes of NPM1-mutated Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML), one potentially treatable with existing drugs, and the other requiring new therapeutic approaches. This discovery may lead to improved treatment outcomes and personalized medicine for patients.
A research team at Mount Sinai built a cellular model of acute myeloid leukemia progression using CRISPR, identifying potential therapeutic targets for early disease stages. The study may lead to improved biomarkers and novel treatments for AML.
A randomized clinical trial found that azacitidine as a maintenance treatment significantly improves relapse-free survival and overall survival in patients with AML. Patients treated with oral azacitidine had a median relapse-free survival of 10.2 months, compared to 4.8 months for placebo recipients.
A phase 1b/2 trial shows that combining eprenetapopt with azacitidine improves overall response rate to 71% in TP53 mutant MDS and AML patients. The median overall survival is 10.8 months, with improved outcomes for those who responded to treatment.
The Phase 3 clinical trial showed a 30% improvement in survival for patients over 55 with AML. The drug, CC-486, significantly improved survival without impacting quality of life.
Researchers at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center have discovered a novel method to boost the effectiveness of mTOR inhibitors against acute myeloid leukemia (AML) by targeting alternative signaling pathways. The study suggests using a combination therapy that combines an mTOR inhibitor with other drugs inhibiting CDK9, c-My...
A randomized clinical trial demonstrated the benefits of early integration of palliative care into oncology care for patients with high-risk AML. Patients who received integrated palliative and oncology care reported significantly better quality of life and lower levels of depression, anxiety, and PTSD.
A study by UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center researchers found that young survivors of AML are at risk of developing late effects, including cardiovascular, endocrine, and respiratory diseases. Non-white patients and those living in deprived neighborhoods were disproportionately affected.
The study demonstrated a paradigm shift in treating AML, proving that genetic information matching leads to better survival rates than traditional one-size-fits-all treatment. Patients who opted for precision medicine experienced lower early death rates and superior overall survival compared to those receiving standard of care.
Researchers identified genetic markers outside of FLT3-ITD mutations that affect midostaurin response in leukemia patients. These findings suggest therapeutic benefits of midostaurin in patients with specific expression profiles, and may lead to more effective combination therapies.
A Phase III trial led by the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center found that combining venetoclax and azacitidine improved overall survival and achieved a 66.4% complete remission rate in patients with acute myeloid leukemia.
The American Society of Hematology has released new clinical practice guidelines for treating acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in older adults. The guidelines aim to provide personalized care by addressing patients' goals and wishes throughout their disease course.
Researchers found that factors produced by bone marrow support cells helped leukemia cells survive treatment with quizartinib, a type of tyrosine kinase inhibitor. However, when quizartinib was combined with another TKI called dasatinib, the alternative survival pathways were shut down, leading to more effective leukemia cell death.
A new nanoconjugate has been developed to target and kill acute myeloid leukemia tumor cells without harming healthy ones. The nanoparticle is specifically designed to bind to the CXCR4 receptor, which is overexpressed in leukemic cells, and deliver a potent toxin that kills the cancer cells.
Researchers found that BI-D1870 inhibits AML cell proliferation and increases G2/M population without affecting CDC2 and CDC25C. The combination of BI-D1870 and vincristine synergistically increases mitotic arrest and apoptosis in AML cells, providing a promising novel approach to overcoming resistance.
The use of CAR-T immunotherapy against acute myeloid leukemia is being reevaluated due to concerns over its impact on healthy hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Studies have shown that anti-CD123 CAR T-cells can inhibit normal hematopoiesis, leading to irreversible impairment in blood cell formation.
A new study suggests that genetic testing for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) can be delayed without negatively impacting patient outcomes. For stable patients, waiting a week or more for test results allows doctors to assign the correct subgroup and select targeted treatment.
Researchers analyzed 442 AML samples to identify immune classes that predict drug resistance and response to immunotherapy. IFN-γ-dominant AML patients showed strong responses to flotetuzumab and improved survival rates, highlighting the potential for T cell-targeting therapies.
KinaRx LLC, a Purdue University-affiliated startup, has received a $2 million SBIR grant to develop novel kinase inhibitors for treating relapse in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and other diseases. The company's platform aims to rapidly create complex drug molecules using bioinformatics and multi-component compound synthesis.
Researchers at Lund University have identified CXCR4 as essential for the survival of leukemia stem cells, which can be controlled by cutting off the gene using CRISPR technology. This discovery reveals a fundamental difference in how leukemia stem cells and normal blood stem cells are regulated.
A study published in Cell Reports reveals that human acute myeloid leukemia (AML) stem cells are dependent on the transcription factor RUNX1, which could lead to lasting remissions or even cures. The researchers used induced pluripotent stem cells from a patient with AML to recreate leukemia stem cell biology in the lab.
A Phase Ib/II trial found that adding idh1 inhibitor ivosidenib to either venetoclax or azacitidine resulted in a high complete remission rate of 78% overall, with 100% for treatment-naïve patients. The combination may ultimately lead to a new therapeutic regimen and tailored treatment options based on molecular profiles.
Dexrazoxane has been shown to preserve cardiac function and reduce risk of severe cardiac events in pediatric patients undergoing chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The study suggests dexrazoxane should be considered for cardioprotection in all pediatric patients undergoing standard chemotherapy for AML.
A large cohort study found that donor lymphocyte infusion and intensified conditioning improve outcomes for patients with relapsed/refractory leukemia, achieving high 3-year leukemia-free survival rates. The study also showed that these interventions have varying impacts on different types of leukemia and donor recipients.
A preclinical study characterized quizartinib's binding affinity and selectivity for FLT3, demonstrating its high affinity and preclinical antitumor activity against midostaurin-resistant AML cells. The study aims to evaluate the role of quizartinib in treating relapsed or refractory AML patients.
Researchers discovered three substances that reduce SAMHD1's ability to break down cytarabine, a common AML treatment. The combination of standard AML-treatment with hydroxyurea has shown to prolong median survival in mice and human blood cells.
Scientists at the Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute developed an innovative diagnostic assay to identify leukemic stem cells, a key cause of relapse and resistance to treatment. The assay uses advanced cytomics methods to analyze multiple functional characteristics of myeloblasts, revealing differential responses to chemotherapy
Researchers used AI to analyze gene activity in blood cells from over 12,000 samples, achieving a hit rate of above 99% for AML diagnosis. This approach could support conventional diagnostics and potentially accelerate therapy initiation, while also reducing costs.
Patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) or acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who receive anthracycline chemotherapy are at higher risk of developing heart failure within one year. Researchers developed a risk score system to identify high-risk patients and tailor treatment plans accordingly.
Researchers integrated genomic and transcriptomic sequencing to classify AML and MDS into distinct biologic subgroups. This new understanding may lead to personalized treatment approaches, improving patient outcomes.
Researchers identified genetic mutations that predict patient outcomes after a stem cell transplant for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in patients over age 60. Patients with specific gene mutations were classified into low, high, or intermediate-risk groups, enabling personalized treatment approaches.
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML)-M7 is the most aggressive subtype of leukemia affecting children, with a poor prognosis. Research reveals that this disease develops specifically in young patients due to differences in fetal cells, and that targeting surrounding proteins may improve treatments.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory discovered that the IDH2 and SRSF2 gene mutations work together to cause acute myeloid leukemia (AML), a deadly blood cancer. The team found that the presence of these mutations leads to errors in RNA splicing, resulting in defective blood cells.
A Waseda University-led research reveals that SET/TAF1, a proto-oncogene, functions as a tension sensor to regulate Aurora B kinase activity and maintain even chromosome distribution. This discovery sheds light on the molecular mechanism of cancer-causing oncogenes and their role in leukemia development.
Scientists uncovered novel signaling mechanisms in cancer cells and designed a new anticancer compound M-COPA to target defective biochemical pathways. The study found that the mutated KIT protein carries out cancer-specific signaling at the Golgi, which is activated by downstream proteins such as AKT, ERK, and STAT5.
Anna Wojcicki, a University of Minnesota medical student, has been selected for the 2019 ASH Minority Medical Student Award Program to conduct translational research at Stanford University. She aims to develop new therapies for Acute Myeloid Leukemia by repurposing old drugs.
Researchers found that mature AML cells can become immature again, challenging traditional therapeutic strategies. This discovery highlights the need to eradicate all tumour cells, regardless of maturation state.
A study at UT MD Anderson Cancer Center identified a new therapeutic target in cancer cells, caseinolytic protease P (ClpP), which breaks down proteins within mitochondria. New anti-cancer agents called imipridones activate ClpP and cause cancer cell death via mitochondrial proteolysis.
Researchers identified vulnerabilities in AML cells with IDH mutation, allowing for a therapeutic strategy. A combination of drugs already used for another type of leukemia proved effective against this subset of AML in both human and mouse models.
Researchers find a long-overlooked molecular machine in the cell nucleus, the spliceosome, that produces mutant gene/protein fueling cancerous cells. Targeting this protein with existing and developing drugs may offer new treatment options for aggressive leukemia.
Acute myelogenous leukemia patients have only a one in four chance of survival after five years. Researchers created a protein atlas to identify and classify protein signatures at AML diagnosis. The online atlas helps recommend better treatment and personalized medicine for patients.
Researchers combined CRISPR with drug discovery to understand how AML treatment works and which weaknesses can be exploited. The study revealed that LSD1-GFI1B relationship is critical for AML survival, enabling more targeted treatments.
A phase III clinical trial found gilteritinib superior to standard chemotherapy in improving overall survival for patients with relapsed or refractory AML harboring a FLT3 mutation. Gilteritinib's relatively low toxicity enables outpatient management, shifting the treatment paradigm.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania have developed a targeted drug gilteritinib that helps patients with relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia live longer. The trial showed significant survival benefits and well-tolerated side effects, offering a new treatment option for high-risk patients.
Researchers identified six age-related subgroups of acute erythroid leukemia with distinct mutations and patterns of gene expression. These findings suggest that genomic alterations can predict treatment outcomes, offering new insights into the diagnosis and treatment of this aggressive cancer.