Articles tagged with Sugars
GlycoRNA is a small ribbon of ribonucleic acid (RNA) with sugar molecules, appearing ubiquitously in and on cells. Its discovery suggests the existence of unknown biomolecular pathways and associations with autoimmune diseases.
Elevated levels of O-GlcNAc can make mice more prone to heart failure, but lowering them restores normal risk and function. The findings suggest targeting the O-GlcNAc pathway could help prevent or stop human heart failure.
Researchers have discovered that low levels of N-acetylglucosamine are associated with progressive MS, clinical disability and neurodegeneration. The simple sugar may serve as a biomarker and promote myelin repair, offering potential new avenues for treating the disease.
Researchers at McGill University developed a novel approach using silicone and sugar to create the softest brain implant yet. The new implants have shown reduced inflammation and higher neuronal density compared to traditional hard implants.
Researchers discovered a mutant corn line with enhanced sugar levels due to the Maize ufo1 gene. The finding has implications for breeding crops that can thrive in a warming world, with potential benefits including improved stress tolerance, seed development, and biomass production.
A study by University of Copenhagen researchers reveals how sugar molecules bind to cell receptors, activating the immune system in autoimmune diseases. The discovery also sheds light on the development of Alzheimer's disease, identifying a potential natural sugar that binds to the Siglec-3 receptor.
Research found high dietary intake of animal products, processed foods, and sugary drinks is linked to an 'inflammatory' gut microbiome. Conversely, a diet rich in plant-based foods may promote 'friendly', anti-inflammatory microbes that help control inflammation.
A study by PRICELESS-SA found a 51% reduction in sugar, 52% reduction in calories, and 29% reduction in volume of taxed beverages. The tax led to changes in consumer behavior, with lower-income households experiencing larger reductions in purchases.
Researchers at NYU Abu Dhabi have developed a revolutionary technology that could dramatically improve diabetes treatment through an oral delivery system. The system uses nano-particles to deliver insulin and has been shown to be biocompatible, stable, and glucose-responsive.
A new mobile assessment tool will be developed to accurately track participants' saturated fat and added sugar consumption, addressing limitations in traditional research methods. The app aims to provide researchers with high-quality data for better recommendations on improving health and wellness.
Research shows a direct connection between particular bacteria in the gut and impaired brain function, with sugar consumption impairing memory associated with the hippocampus. The study also found that transplanting specific gut bacteria without sugar consumption can replicate memory impairments in adulthood.
Research found that daily sugar-sweetened beverage consumption during adolescence impairs learning and memory tasks in adulthood. The bacteria Parabacteroides in the gut microbiome plays a key role in this process, even when not associated with sugar consumption.
A new study from the University of Bath found that the sugar tax in Catalonia, Spain led to a modest reduction in calorie intake, with households cutting purchases of high-sugar beverages and increasing lower-sugar options. The average reduction was only 2.2% and spread out over 3.7 calories per month.
A study found lifestyle interventions reduced cardiovascular harm and optimized benefits for 85% of participants. However, it increased the risk of major cardiovascular events in those with poor blood sugar control, suggesting alternative options like glucose-lowering drugs may be necessary.
Research suggests that the UK's sugar tax on soft drinks has resulted in a decrease of around 30g of sugar per household per week, equivalent to three fewer teaspoons. This reduction occurred without affecting overall sales or purchases of other drink types, indicating potential benefits for public health.
The UK Soft Drinks Industry Levy led to a 10% decrease in sugar purchased in soft drinks, with households consuming 30g less per week. The levy incentivised manufacturers to reduce sugar content without affecting overall volume sales.
Researchers have developed a novel method for rapid and accurate glycan sequencing, reducing the time required from years to minutes. The technique utilizes a nanopore device and machine-learning software to identify sugar chains based on electrical signals generated as they pass through a tiny hole.
Scientists at UC Santa Barbara found that fruit flies use a mechanosensory channel called TMEM63 to detect the gritty texture of their food. This discovery sheds light on how animals perceive food and may have implications for human taste perception.
Scientists have created detailed maps of brain blood vessel clusters, revealing that small blood vessels compensate for varying energy requirements. The study provides novel insights into the distribution of oxygen and sugar to different brain regions, shedding light on how brains are kept nourished.
Researchers have developed a laser-based method to print nanostructured holograms on dried corn syrup films, enabling edible hologram decoration for foods. The holograms can also indicate sugar content or ensure food safety, making them a promising innovation in the food industry.
Researchers found that a neuron in the snail's brain suppresses feeding circuit, reversing response to sugar after conditioning training. This mechanism may be similar to human brains, where negative associations with food can alter future eating habits.
A multidisciplinary team at Colorado State University has received a $1 million award to study rare sugars found in soil, challenging historical biochemical principles and exploring vital questions about microbes. The research could lead to breakthroughs in disease research or new developments in the food and beverage industry.
Researchers developed a new manufacturing platform using freeze-dried components that can quickly make vaccines on demand. The platform eliminates the need for complex supply chains and refrigeration, making it ideal for low-resource settings. This innovation has the potential to expand access to life-saving medications.
Patients with extreme blood sugar swings between doctor visits face higher risk of heart disease, study finds. Wide variations in blood sugar levels are associated with poor health outcomes and even death, researchers suggest.
A study by MSF and UNIGE found that insulin can be stored at temperatures ranging from 25°C to 37°C for four weeks without losing its potency or efficacy. This breakthrough allows people with diabetes to manage their condition independently, reducing the need for daily hospital visits.
Researchers at the University of Bath developed a sustainable polymer using xylose, with applications in polyurethane, bio-medicine, and batteries. The polymer's properties can be easily controlled to make it flexible or crystalline.
A large-scale Italian study found that consuming ultra-processed foods is associated with a 26% increased risk of death and a 58% increased risk of cardiovascular disease. The research suggests that industrial processing itself may be the main culprit, rather than added sugars.
Researchers found that grapevines from hot and dry regions have water-saving traits that conserve water and extend the growing season. These traits could help vines cope with climate change, but may also limit future photosynthesis and sugar production.
Researchers found that simple warning labels on sugary drinks in a college cafeteria helped students cut back consumption by 14.5%. The study suggests that such labels could reduce sugar consumption in larger settings.
A study published in Ecological Monographs reveals that sugar maple leaf microbiomes change along the transition from coniferous to deciduous forests. The findings show that southern sugar maples have similar microbiomes, while northern trees host bacterial communities resembling those of other dominant species.
Researchers from the University of Copenhagen have developed a new insulin molecule that can sense blood sugar levels and release insulin accordingly. This innovative approach aims to reduce the frequency of injections and monitoring required by people with type 1 diabetes, improving their quality of life.
A high-sugar diet reprograms taste cells in fruit flies, leaving a lasting molecular memory that affects future eating behavior. The researchers found that the molecular memory is persistent even after switching to healthy diets, leading to changes in gene expression that impact sweet taste perception.
Researchers have discovered a potential broad-spectrum anti-viral drug target by identifying how encapsulated viruses hijack the protein manufacturing and distribution pathways in cells. This approach offers an attractive alternative to developing individual drugs for each virus, with the same compound targeting multiple viruses.
Researchers discovered a soil fungus that parasitizes cyst nematode females and eggs, reducing populations by up to 10,000-fold. This finding could lead to more frequent planting of sugar beets and reduce economic losses caused by these nematodes.
A new study suggests that incorporating wrinkled 'super peas' into foods, such as whole pea seeds or flour, could help tackle the global type 2 diabetes epidemic by preventing 'sugar spikes'. The research found that consuming these peas resulted in a more stable increase in blood sugar levels compared to regular peas.
The study elucidated how Rubisco activase works, revealing that it grabs the N-terminal tail of Rubisco and releases inhibitory sugar molecules using ATP energy. This dual function enables Rca to recruit into carboxysomes, where CO2 is generated, making photosynthesis more efficient.
A new study finds that salt-based mosquito-control products have no effect on killing adult mosquitoes, despite claims of its effectiveness. The researchers tested nine species of mosquito and found no evidence that ingestion of salt water kills the insects.
Researchers have discovered a reaction pathway that forms sugars in the absence of water, using minerals as catalysts. This finding provides a plausible explanation for the formation of sugars under extraterrestrial settings.
Researchers found that too little sugar can lead to more bone-eating cells in people with bone marrow cancer. A special type of sugar water was shown to reduce perforations and cancer growth in mice with bone marrow cancer. Further animal experiments are needed to develop a treatment for humans.
Researchers observed black imported fire ants using sand to draw liquid food out of containers when faced with drowning risk. The ants' tool-making skill reduced drowning risk and provided a larger space for collecting sugar water.
Researchers from Japan's Institute for Molecular Science have described a bacterial cellulose degradation system in detail, revealing its similarities and differences with the fungal system. The study found that the bacterial system exhibits higher processivity, enabling faster cellulose degradation.
Exposing diabetic mice to electromagnetic fields normalizes two major hallmarks of type 2 diabetes, including reduced blood sugar levels and improved insulin sensitivity. The effects are long-lasting, suggesting a potential EMF therapy for managing diabetes during sleep.
A new study published in The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition found that consuming sugary beverages during breastfeeding can lead to poorer cognitive development in children nearly two years later. Moms who reported greater consumption of these beverages had children with lower cognitive development scores.
A new study suggests that shifting American diets to increase vegetable and nut intake while decreasing red meat and added sugar consumption could reduce environmental degradation by 28-38%. This approach would also improve health outcomes, making it a win-win for the environment and human health.
Researchers at Université catholique de Louvain have discovered a link between the brain and intestinal bacteria that plays a crucial role in regulating sugar levels in the blood. The study found that a particular lipid acts on the gut 'second brain' to restore communication and reduce diabetes risk.
A new Danish study from the University of Southern Denmark found that athletes can cycle longer by placing their glycogen close to force-producing structures in muscle cells. This discovery challenges traditional views on carbohydrate storage and its impact on endurance performance.
Controlling blood sugar levels boosts cognitive function, including thinking, learning, and remembering. However, more weight loss and exercise only improve executive function skills, while verbal learning and memory decline. Effective management of type 2 diabetes is crucial to offset its negative effects on brain health.
A large-scale US study found that housing instability is associated with poor blood sugar control in people with type 2 diabetes. The study of over 25,000 patients revealed that frequent address changes and housing insecurity are linked to higher risk of emergency department visits and lower vaccination rates.
A study by researchers at Drexel University found that residents in low-socioeconomic neighborhoods are more likely to develop chronic kidney disease. Poor neighborhood walkability was also associated with poor blood sugar control and blood pressure management.
A University of Illinois study identifies a naturally occurring sugar called glycans that slows sperm maturation in pigs, allowing for extended sperm storage time. The discovery has potential applications in fertility testing and AI success rates.
Researchers at Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown discover that changes in sex cells' nutritional requirements make female flies crave sugar, affecting their food choice and fertility. The study's findings suggest a novel mechanism by which metabolism controls feeding behaviour, potentially relevant to human fertility.
Amanda De La Torre is studying the genome of sugar pines to understand what makes some trees resistant to white pine blister rust. The research aims to find epigenomic changes that can help control external factors and produce resistant trees.
A new study from the University of Oregon suggests that parents' views on self-regulation can shape their children's food preferences. By understanding their own sense of self-control, parents can make healthier choices and influence their kids' developing eating habits.
A national biofuel policy encouraging sugarcane juice production may make India's water and energy resources more sustainable. Sugarcane cultivation has expanded due to policies that incentivize production, reducing resources for micronutrient-rich foods.
A new study found that subsidized rice and sugar may not improve long-term nutritional outcomes for children in India. The Public Distribution System aims to provide essential nutrients, but the research suggests that limited value foods like rice and sugar may perpetuate unhealthy dietary patterns.
The range of commercial baby foods has grown rapidly in recent years, with 84% more brands and double the products compared to 2013. However, researchers found that many products are still high in sugar, with sweet snack foods showing a significant increase in sugar content.
Rats' brain activity shows that individual preferences for alcohol vary based on how the brain interprets it as a reward. The orbitofrontal cortex stores reward value and regulates reward seeking, with malfunctioning linked to drug use disorders.
A new ultra-rapid insulin formulation, UFAL, reached peak activity in pigs with diabetes twice as fast as Humalog, a commercially available option. This could lead to faster quality-of-life improvements for diabetic patients by allowing quicker blood sugar level management during mealtimes.
Researchers at Rice University have successfully created complex blood vessel networks using laser-welded sugar templates, paving the way for the creation of large tissue models. The technique enables the delivery of oxygen and nutrients to cells throughout the body, making it a promising approach for future therapeutic applications.
Researchers have successfully engineered T-cells to target a variety of solid-tumor cancer cells in humans and mice using CAR-T therapy. The new approach broadens the potential targets by recognizing proteins with short sugar chains attached, which are often mutated in cancer cells.