Articles tagged with Glutamate Receptors
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Research uncovers how glutamate regulates pediatric brain tumor growth, suggesting novel approaches to treating these cancers. Inhibiting glutamate receptors has been shown to reduce human pediatric brain tumor growth in mice.
Researchers found that inhibiting the GLUD1 enzyme improves muscle strength and coordination in DMD mouse models, offering a potential therapeutic pathway for treating the disease. The study suggests a promising approach to restore muscle function beyond symptom relief.
Researchers have uncovered ketamine's mechanism of action, revealing how it affects the brain's NMDA receptors. The study provides hope for synthesizing new versions of the drug with fewer harmful side effects.
Researchers at Weill Cornell Medicine have identified a specific brain circuit that appears to reduce anxiety without side effects. The study suggests a new target for treating anxiety disorders and demonstrates a general strategy for mapping drug effects on the brain.
Research identifies IL-1R1-expressing neurons in key brain regions, including the somatosensory cortex and hippocampus, which regulate sensory processing, mood regulation, and memory. The study provides new insights into how inflammation contributes to sensory, mood, and memory disorders.
Researchers found that SYM2081 suppressed mast cell degranulation and proliferation in mouse models and human skin samples, paving the way for new topical treatments to prevent itching and inflammation. The study suggests that activating GluK2 could be a promising way to prevent rosacea and other inflammatory skin conditions.
Researchers uncover the importance of kainate receptors in enabling synaptic plasticity and transmission in the cerebellum. The study's findings have significant implications for understanding neurological disorders and developing new treatments.
Scientists at Johns Hopkins Medicine have discovered the mechanism of action of the widely-used epilepsy drug perampanel, which targets the AMPA receptor to dampen brain cell excitability. The study provides new insights into the potential applications of perampanel in treating other neurological conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease,...
Researchers found a significant reduction in serine racemase protein levels in the medial prefrontal cortex and hippocampal subfields of aged rats compared to young rats, suggesting a role in age-associated decline of NMDA receptor function. No sex differences were observed in serine racemase expression.
Researchers found that increasing astrocytic mGluR3 levels enhanced memory in older females, while reducing these levels impaired memory in young females. In males, reducing mGluR3 enhanced memory, and increasing the receptor had no effects.
A recent study published in Neuron reveals that Noelin proteins play a crucial role in learning and memory formation in the mammalian brain. The study found that these proteins act as 'universal anchors' controlling the distribution and dynamics of AMPA receptors, which are essential for synaptic plasticity.
Researchers identify Noelin proteins as crucial for supporting synapse function in the brain and retina, providing insight into processes like learning and memory. The study also highlights the development of blinding conditions like glaucoma.
A preclinical study found that the drug ADX106772 reduced oxycodone intake and relapse in animal models of opioid use disorder without disrupting other reward responses. The therapeutic was tested in rats trained to self-administer oxycodone and showed significant reduction in oxycodone intake for up to 12 hours.
Researchers developed a method using artificial intelligence to track changes in brain synapses, enabling better understanding of how connections change with learning, aging, injury and disease. Machine learning was leveraged to enhance image quality, allowing for detection and tracking of individual synapses.
Researchers found a partial response in a patient with pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma, as well as stable disease in 11 patients, when combining riluzole with sorafenib in a phase I trial. The combination was safe and tolerable, and further exploration of its potential is warranted.
Dr. Jayaraman's team will analyze glutamate receptors involved in learning and memory processes, shedding light on pathologies of learning disabilities, epilepsy, and other neurological issues.
The study provides detailed pictures of NMDA receptors, which mediate essential signals between neurons. The findings have significant implications for treating schizophrenia, depression, and other neuropsychiatric conditions.
Researchers discovered that glutamate binds to specific patterns on its receptors, overturning the prevailing view of simple stepwise transitions. This finding may aid the development of more effective treatments with fewer side effects for conditions like depression, dementia, and epilepsy.
The Venus flytrap has a sensitive system for stimulus transmission, with electrical impulses triggered by touch and transmitted quickly to catch prey. Anaesthetizing the plant with ether reveals that it does not react to touch during this time, mirroring human anaesthesia.
Researchers develop system to image millions of brain cell connections in real-time, revealing key locations for learning and memory encoding. The new tool allows scientists to study synapse activity on a massive scale, with potential applications in understanding diseases such as Alzheimer's and autism.
Scientists have uncovered the molecular structure of three major complexes of glutamate receptors in the hippocampus, a region crucial for memory and learning. The discovery has significant implications for treating epilepsy and seizure disorders, as it enables the development of targeted drugs to modulate specific receptor activity.
Researchers from Nagoya University developed a two-step labeling technique to analyze the dynamics of neurotransmitter receptor proteins. The study revealed key findings on AMPA-type glutamate receptors, including their localization at synapses and half-life in neurons.
A new study reveals that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and other conventional antidepressants boost BDNF signalling by binding to its TrkB receptor. This finding challenges the primary role of serotonin or glutamate receptors in the effects of antidepressants.
Researchers at Ruhr-University Bochum discovered that certain drugs can activate glutamate receptors, rather than inhibiting them, due to their binding to specific receptor subtypes. This potentiation effect can lead to a stronger response and longer-lasting effects.
A recent study published in Science Advances has shed light on the molecular organization of synapses, revealing that glutamate receptors are directly connected to calcium channels and Munc-18-1. This new understanding could lead to a better comprehension of brain function and signal transmission.
A dietary supplement called sarcosine may help people with schizophrenia by improving glutamate receptor function. Researchers urge clinical trials to confirm its effectiveness and establish guidelines for its use.
A dietary supplement called L-serine has been shown to improve the neuronal function of a patient with a mutation associated with atypical Rett syndrome. The study, led by Dr Xavier Altafaj, found that supplementation with L-serine reversed alterations caused by the mutation and improved the patient's motor and communicative abilities.
Researchers at University at Buffalo discovered that correcting synaptic dysfunctions in the brain involved in memory loss could reverse memory decline in an animal model of Alzheimer's disease. By targeting epigenetic enzymes, they restored glutamate receptor expression and function, leading to dramatic cognitive improvement.
Researchers discovered that signal peptides can inhibit glutamate receptor trafficking, leading to potentiation of synaptic responses. The study provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying glutamate receptor trafficking and its role in neurological disorders.
Scientists at Johns Hopkins used supercomputers to create an atomic scale map of how glutamate binds to a neuron in the brain. The study reveals that glutamate molecules follow specific pathways on the surface of glutamate receptors, with positively charged atoms guiding its negatively charged atoms.
A new study reveals glutamate receptor-like proteins in plants control sperm navigation and fertilization, highlighting potential conserved functions between plant and human systems. The research suggests that these proteins may regulate cell-to-cell communication in sexual reproduction.
Researchers discover moss sperm uses glutamate receptors to navigate towards female organs, fertilize eggs and develop spores. The study also shows that glutamate receptors play a crucial role in controlling gene expression essential for spore development.
Researchers captured three-dimensional snapshots of the AMPA-subtype glutamate receptor in action, shedding light on its role in memory and learning. The study's findings provide new insights into the fundamental process involved in brain function.
A new study suggests that D-serine, a dietary supplement, improves neuronal function in a patient with atypical Rett syndrome. The treatment, which was developed using personalized algorithms, has shown promising results in improving motor and cognitive symptoms.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins found that alcohol strengthens emotional memories associated with fearful experiences and prevents mice from pushing aside their fears. The study identified the molecular mechanism responsible for alcohol-related fear relapses and used a drug to reverse its effects.
Scientists at Kyoto University have engineered an artificial switch that can selectively activate neurotransmitter receptors, a breakthrough that could contribute to the development of new drugs for Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and ALS. This innovation sheds light on the role of these receptors in memory formation.
Researchers found that MAP1A connects NMDA glutamate receptors to microtubules, stabilizing receptor transport and preventing derailment. This discovery offers new insights into the neural mechanisms underlying memory and learning.
Blocking receptors inside nerve cells may offer a more effective and safer pain relief option by reducing drug-induced side effects. The study found that targeting glutamate receptors in the nucleus of spinal nerve cells can effectively relieve neuropathic pain in rats, with no changes in pain sensitivity observed in normal rats.
Three new studies suggest that activating mGluR2 can prevent relapse to cocaine and nicotine use in rodents, as well as reduce methamphetamine cravings. The studies also found that AZD8529, a selective mGluR2 enhancer, showed promising anti-addiction effects in non-human primate models.
A study of GRID2 gene mutations in spinocerebellar ataxia patients reveals no point mutations or insertion/deletion mutations. Instead, polymorphic deletions and single nucleotide variations were identified, with similar frequencies in patients and controls.
Research reveals the sequential expression of these factors after fluid percussion injury, suggesting a mechanism underlying hippocampal neuronal injury after TBI. The study provides new insights into the occurrence and development of hippocampal neuronal injury.
Blocking extrasynaptic NMDA receptors may improve motor learning, coordination and prevent cell death in animal models of Huntington disease. This finding could lead to new treatment avenues for neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's disease and traumatic brain injury.
Research reveals Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 5 (mGluR5) as a potential therapeutic target for treating movement disorders like Huntington's disease. The study found that blocking mGluR5 improved motor behaviors in a mouse model, suggesting its potential for treating Parkinson's disease as well.
A research team at Ruhr-University Bochum has identified a new type of signalling mechanism in plant cells, involving the glutamate-like receptor AtGLR1.4. The receptor responds to multiple amino acids, including methionine, which is an essential nutrient for humans but can be produced by plants.
Researchers found that the extra chromosome 21 leads to reduced SNX27 protein levels, disrupting brain function. Restoring SNX27 in Down syndrome mice improves cognitive function and behavior.
Scientists at CAMH identified a potential new approach to preventing smoking relapse by targeting brain receptors involved in nicotine exposure. The protein peptide showed promise in reducing attempts to seek nicotine in an animal model of relapse.
Research reveals that repeated stress affects memory by reducing glutamate receptors in the prefrontal cortex, impairing high-level cognitive processes. The study provides critical insight into how chronic stress influences mental illnesses and offers potential targets for prevention and treatment.
Scientists have identified a natural protection mechanism in some brain nerve cells during stroke, which could be used to develop treatments to protect other nerve cell types. The research found that one type of nerve cell, the CA3 cell, is more resistant to stroke-induced damage and possesses a mechanism for reducing its susceptibility.
The study reveals a unique conformation of the GluN2D subunit that mediates slow neuronal deactivation when bound to glutamate, a key neurotransmitter. This discovery can form a basis for designing new drugs targeting this receptor variant, implicated in various neurodegenerative diseases.
Lowering STEP protein levels reversed cognitive deficits in mice with Alzheimer's disease, according to a Yale University study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. The research found that reducing STEP levels is sufficient to reverse cognitive defects in mice without the Alzheimer's mutation.
A new study explores pharmacological strategies to reduce cocaine self-administration in animals, finding that dysregulation of mGlu2/3 and mGlu5 receptors may play a role in the transition to cocaine addiction. The research suggests that targeting mGlu2/3 receptors could be effective for treating severe cocaine-addicted individuals.
High concentrations of glutamate activate the metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 (mGlu1 receptors), which become protective against toxic effects. This finding may lead to rational drug design for therapeutic approaches to protect against excitotoxic brain damage following injury and neurodegenerative diseases.
Researchers present findings on stimulating metabotropic glutamate receptors to stop glutamate release in brain cells, potentially reversing Parkinson's disease symptoms. Current treatments only alleviate symptoms, but new approach aims to protect and repair dying cells.
Rockefeller University scientists have discovered a new family of ionotropic glutamate receptors in the fly nose, which explains how cells in coeloconic sensilla detect odors. The finding fills a missing piece in the organizational logic of the insect olfactory system and raises questions about their evolutionary origin.
A study by Chen et al. reveals that chopped-up ECM triggers excitotoxicity through the kainate receptor's KA1 subunit, leading to brain damage. Drugs blocking KA1 might provide an alternative way to save brain cells after stroke or head trauma without causing cognitive impairment.
Researchers found asymmetrical synaptic structure and molecule composition between left and right hippocampus synapses. This discovery sheds light on the distinct neural mechanisms underlying learning and memory processes.
Researchers discuss inhibiting glutamate receptors as a promising approach for treating chronic pain, migraine and muscle spasticity. Glutamate receptor antagonists like tezampanel have shown potential in clinical trials for treating various conditions.
A new study finds that ketamine's antidepressant effects are mediated by its ability to increase AMPA receptor stimulation, suggesting drugs enhancing this function may have rapid antidepressant properties. Researchers now aim to develop AMPA-boosting drugs without ketamine's side effects.
Researchers found that administering a drug to stimulate another type of glutamate receptor can normalize abnormal brain function associated with schizophrenia. This finding provides promising therapeutic potential for improving treatments available to patients struggling with the disorder.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon have modeled the molecular changes that occur when glutamate docks with a receptor on a neuron, enabling computer simulation of binding-site closure and opening. This breakthrough could lead to the development of drug therapies for disorders such as epilepsy and Alzheimer’s disease.