Articles tagged with Transportation Engineering
Researchers examined how fleet size, user demand, regulatory policies, and economic factors interact to shape shared micromobility systems. Financial incentives, such as fee reductions and government subsidies, significantly increase user adoption and profitability.
A new study uses machine learning to predict pedestrian crash frequency by severity levels, providing insights for road authorities to prioritize actions. The research demonstrates a significant increase in performance compared to conventional methods.
The study introduces ϵ-controllability and its testing method for datatic control systems, extending traditional controllability to a point-to-region form. A tree search algorithm called MECS is proposed for testing ϵ-controllability of datatic control systems.
Researchers from Tsinghua University Press propose a novel simulation platform for on-demand ride service operations, providing a fair and public test bed for comparing optimization algorithms. The simulator efficiently tests various tasks related to on-demand matching, idle vehicle repositioning, and dynamic pricing.
A team of University of Houston engineers developed an AI tool to predict and control pandemic spread by analyzing international air travel. The analysis found that reducing flights in Western Europe can lead to fewer global COVID-19 cases, making it a key strategy for controlling the pandemic.
A study found that ride-hailing apps like Uber and Lyft mitigate the impact of driver racial discrimination on wait times, but systemic segregation persists. The research estimated that at least 3% of drivers must be discriminating based on race to produce cancellation disparities.
The new ERC EARTH research center will focus on developing sustainable refrigerant technologies and practices to improve quality of life and combat climate change. Lehigh University's team, led by David Vicic, will work on reclamation and repurposing of high-GWP legacy refrigerants.
A new MIT study analyzes airline safety trends over the past few decades and finds that commercial flight has become roughly twice as safe each decade since the 1960s. The study estimates that passengers are about 39 times safer than they were in the 1968-1977 period, with a 1 in 13.7 million risk of fatality per boarding.
The study explores the role of helical secondary structure in enhancing conductivity and stability of solid-state peptide polymer electrolytes. Longer helices lead to higher conductivity and increased overall stability, making these materials more viable for energy storage systems.
A new model, PAG-STAN, predicts short-term origin-destination demand in urban rail transit systems with remarkable precision. The model improves interpretability and enhances training efficiency through a masked physics-guided loss function.
New studies from Chalmers University of Technology suggest that hydrogen-powered aircraft could meet the needs of 97% of intra-Nordic flights and 58% of Nordic passenger volume by 2045. A novel heat exchanger technology has shown promise in reducing fuel consumption by almost eight percent.
Researchers created microscopic vehicles propelled by swimming green algae, which can be maneuvered by the algae. The team developed two types of vehicles: the rotator and the scooter, with the latter displaying erratic rolling motions.
Researchers found raw material demand for electric vehicles will nearly double by 2050 if current trends continue. Implementing circular economy strategies such as ride-sharing, recycling, and solid-state batteries can halve resource demand or maintain it at 2015 levels.
Researchers at the University of Michigan explored teledriving as a bridge to autonomous taxis, finding that it can reduce wait times, improve safety, and increase driver utilization. Teledriving allows drivers to connect with available vehicles remotely, reducing idle time and improving service quality.
Researchers used synthetic population data to assess equity impacts of transportation investments in New York State, finding that microtransit services were more viable in disadvantaged areas. The study's findings aim to create a way to analyze and allocate transportation resources nationally for equitable outcomes.
The report highlights the benefits of developing transit station areas with a focus on housing, including reduced greenhouse gas emissions and increased walkability. Researchers recommend policy approaches to mitigate gentrification outcomes and bridge the gap between demand for walkable communities and supply.
Researchers at Huazhong University have developed a revolutionary method for fast and accurate topology identification in complex dynamical networks. The new approach, FT-TIDCN, leverages finite-time stability theory to identify network topologies swiftly, addressing a common challenge in network science.
Portland State University's transportation data centers, PORTAL and BikePed Portal, have received significant updates with new funding and exciting innovations. The $1.6 million PORTAL funding will support its activities for the next five years, while BikePed Portal has secured $100K in additional funding.
The CAVG model employs a cross-modal attention mechanism to align textual instructions with visual scenes, enabling passengers to issue voice commands to control the vehicle. The study achieves remarkable efficiency by establishing new benchmarks on the Talk2Car dataset.
A new study found that older electric vehicle models depreciate in value faster than conventional gas cars, but newer models with longer driving ranges are retaining their value better. The research also showed that the COVID-19 pandemic significantly affected vehicle affordability.
A recent study by University of Hawaii at Manoa researchers highlights the hidden threat of global underground infrastructure vulnerability to sea-level rise. Shallow and saltier groundwater exacerbates corrosion and failure of critical systems such as sewer lines, roadways, and building foundations in cities worldwide.
Researchers at University of Missouri are developing software that allows drones to fly independently, perceiving and interacting with their environment while achieving specific goals. This technology has the potential to assist in mapping and monitoring applications, such as 3D or 4D advanced imagery for disaster response.
A new traffic signal concept, known as the 'white phase,' uses autonomous vehicles to expedite traffic flow at intersections. The concept has been shown to improve travel time for both pedestrians and vehicles, especially when autonomous vehicles make up a higher percentage of traffic.
A novel AI-based noise suppression system has been developed to improve the effectiveness of search and rescue drones during natural disasters. The system uses Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) to accurately learn UAV propeller sound data and eliminate noise, allowing operators to clearly hear and recognize human sounds.
A new University of Washington study analyzed seven Vision Zero projects and found no negative impact on nearby business revenues. The research suggests that safety improvements do not come at the cost of economic viability.
The University of Manchester has received a £4.2 million funding award to tackle the UK's most challenging resilience and security problems. The project, SALIENT, will drive interdisciplinary research on robust supply chains, global order, and technological security.
Researchers at RMIT University created a 50% stronger titanium lattice cube than the strongest alloy of similar density used in aerospace applications. The material's unique lattice structure design distributes stress evenly, making it suitable for medical devices, aircraft, and rocket parts.
A University of Michigan team recalibrated traffic signals using GPS data from connected vehicles, resulting in a 20-30% decrease in stops at intersections. The system reduces costs and cuts vehicle emissions by optimizing signal patterns for changing traffic flows.
Scientists from Tokyo Tech propose two design techniques to minimize unwanted signals known as fractional spurs, which degrade phase noise in output of the PLL. The first technique uses a cascaded-fractional divider and achieves a -62.1dBc fractional spur, while the second technique employs a pseudo-differential DTC, resulting in an in...
A recent study suggests that more investments are needed to ensure equitable subway facilities, with 27 out of 257 stations scoring 1.00, mostly medium-sized stations. The researchers recommend allocating transport facilities based on each station's needs to enhance accessibility for the elderly and mobility handicapped.
Researchers developed an innovative method to manage construction-generated sludge by utilizing aeration curing, which reduces pH levels and requires less neutralizer. The technique has the potential to improve soil health and support sustainable development goals.
Korea Maritime & Ocean University researchers have developed a new method for assessing the path-following performance of autonomous ships in adverse weather conditions. The computational fluid dynamics model can provide more accurate predictions of path-following performance and enhance safety in autonomous marine navigation.
A new deep learning-based detection system has been developed by INU researchers to improve the detection capabilities of autonomous vehicles. The system, aided by IoT technology, generates bounding boxes and confidence scores for visible obstacles using point cloud data and RGB images as input.
Researchers at Texas A&M University have developed a miniature, injectable glucose biosensor and wearable device that enables user-friendly, minimally-invasive continuous glucose monitoring. The device addresses challenges associated with existing CGMs, including size and skin tone compatibility.
Researchers developed a novel polycrystalline silicon tunnelling recombination layer that significantly enhances the efficiency of perovskite/tunnel oxide passivating contact tandem solar cells, achieving a remarkable 29.2% photoelectric conversion rate and high stability.
A Northwestern University study found that consumers are more willing to accept automated vehicle delivery than drones or robots as a substitute for human drivers. However, tech-savvy consumers and those who prioritize speed and efficiency are more accepting of these technologies.
The UCLA Mobility Center of Excellence will conduct research on the impacts of new mobility technologies and highly automated vehicles on transportation systems. The center aims to improve efficiency, mobility, and sustainability by studying the long-term effects of emerging mobility technologies.
The team created a glycoengineering platform that simplifies the production of customized sugar carbohydrates, known as glycans, which play a crucial role in various therapeutic applications. This innovation enables the engineering of new glycans with unprecedented flexibility, addressing limitations in existing approaches.
Researchers at the University of Seville have developed a more efficient configuration for proton-exchange membrane fuel cell batteries, increasing their performance by up to 10%. The new design outperforms other options and reduces energy consumption, making it suitable for use in electric vehicles.
The University of Missouri's Missouri Work Zone Safety Center of Excellence aims to reduce fatalities and serious injuries in highway work zones through research and outreach. The center will focus on integrating emerging technologies, data analysis, and countermeasures to address distracted driving and other safety concerns.
Scientists discovered that solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer behaves like a semiconductor, causing electron leakage and leading to inferior battery performance. Minimizing organic components in SEI enables longer-lasting batteries.
Researchers detected nine types of polymers and one type of rubber in cloud water, confirming microplastics play a key role in rapid cloud formation. The presence of hydrophilic polymers in the atmosphere could lead to significant changes in ecological balance and severe loss of biodiversity.
Researchers found a positive correlation between lane changing frequency and congestion extent in Australia's M1 motorway. Lane changes can interrupt traffic flow, contributing to speed degradation during peak periods.
A new study by University of British Columbia researchers found that while some people view self-driving cars as safer, others feel reduced safety and comfort levels when interacting with pedestrians. The study suggests a gradual introduction of SDVs is needed to build comfort among all road users.
Researchers develop novel image-based visual servoing method for UAVs to track dynamic rotating targets. The proposed method utilizes a velocity observer and integral-based filter to enhance tracking stability and anti-disturbance ability.
New research from the University of Ottawa's Telfer School of Management suggests that managing public transit projects requires a comprehensive approach considering rational, psychosocial, and political dimensions. This involves engaging stakeholders, including non-users, to ensure societal impact and cost-effectiveness.
Researchers at North Carolina State University found that connected vehicles improve travel time through intersections, but automated vehicles without connectivity actually increase wait times. The study suggests that incorporating vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure communication is crucial for optimizing traffic flow.
Researchers have developed a highly efficient organometal halide perovskite photoanode that suppresses internal and external losses associated with photoelectrochemical water splitting, enhancing reaction kinetics. The new design achieves an unprecedented applied bias photon-to-current conversion efficiency of 12.79%.
Researchers developed a novel train control system with dynamic configuration, reduced track-side equipment, and improved maintainability to achieve cost savings and increased transportation efficiency. The study promotes the integration of GNSS-based positioning and navigation technologies to enhance railway operations.
Dr. Amir Asadi's team embeds patterned nanostructures into high-performance composites to achieve multifunctionality and structural integrity simultaneously. This approach offers a practical and scalable method for creating nanostructured materials with tunable properties, revolutionizing the manufacturing of high-performance composites.
A new algorithm developed by UBC researchers can map the safest route with the lowest possible risk of a crash, incorporating real-time crash risk data. The study found that the fastest routes are not always the safest, highlighting the importance of considering safety and efficiency when choosing directions.
The WVU Pollution Prevention Program provides customized source reduction solutions, training, and digital technologies to minimize waste. The program aims to help businesses achieve carbon neutrality through data-driven modeling and AI-powered adjustments.
Researchers at University of Nebraska-Lincoln are working on safeguarding US military base entry points against EV threats, focusing on high-speed ramming and zero-to-60 acceleration. The team will employ digital simulations and physical crash tests to refine barriers designed to withstand such impacts.
Researchers developed a new anode material that increases lithium-ion battery storage capacity by 1.5 times, allowing for fast charging in as little as six minutes. The innovation uses electron spin to enhance storage capacity and ferromagnetic properties.
The new model maximizes coverage area and minimizes response time, accounting for hot spots. It outperformed existing techniques in computational testing, improving response times regardless of traffic size.
Researchers have developed a novel photoelectrochemical ultraviolet photodetector that can detect two types of ultraviolet light using a multilayered nanostructure. The detector's performance can be regulated through light intensity and external bias, enabling easy adaptation to environmental changes.
The new manufacturing process produces lightweight aluminum vehicle parts that lower costs and are more environmentally friendly. Researchers have shown that the Shear Assisted Processing and Extrusion (ShAPE) process can break up metal impurities in scrap without requiring an energy-intensive heat treatment step.
A research group from Tohoku University successfully develops a dealloying bonding technology that forms a strong mechanical bond between iron and magnesium. This breakthrough enables the creation of new lightweight materials with reduced environmental impact, potentially transforming the transportation industry.
Researchers at Cranfield University are developing a new generation of lithium-sulfur batteries that offer improved performance and reduced weight compared to traditional lithium-ion batteries. The technology has the potential to support electrification of short-haul aircraft, light goods vehicles, and passenger vehicles.
University of Arizona engineers create a communication network allowing robots to explore subsurface environments independently, deploying miniaturized sensors as they traverse caves. The 'breadcrumb-style' system enables swarms of individual robots to navigate convoluted environments without losing contact.