Articles tagged with Informatics
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A 10-state study from the CDC's VISION Network identified risk factors for critical COVID-19 outcomes in adults hospitalized with the virus. Adults with four or more underlying disease risk factors, including hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, and obesity, are at higher risk of ICU admission and death.
A multi-state study confirmed that COVID-19 mRNA vaccination protects babies and young children against COVID-19-associated emergency department/urgent care visits. The study found that even one dose of the two-dose vaccine series provided some protection for this age group.
The NIMS-OS middleware coordinates materials-search AI and robotic experiment systems for efficient automation. The system successfully executed a model experiment to identify effective electrolytes for lithium metal electrodes.
A statewide study in Indiana found that pre-existing diseases significantly increased the risk of severe illness and death from COVID-19, particularly among Black patients. The research also highlighted racial disparities in healthcare outcomes and access to care.
A recent study published in JAMA Network Open analyzed emoji use among hospitalists and found that emojis do not cause confusion or affect professionalism. The researchers analyzed thousands of lines of messages and discovered that emojis often serve a linguistic role, adding new information to the conversation.
Experts highlight nine public health workforce strengths, 22 weaknesses, 14 opportunities and 14 threats in the nation's information systems. The report calls for a technology-enabled information infrastructure to deliver day-to-day essential services and respond effectively to emergencies.
A new phenopacket standard and tools enable health professionals to collect and share de-identified patient data across clinics, systems, and countries. This facilitates research into rare diseases, potentially leading to more discoveries and advancements in the medical field.
Global experts have developed a new checklist called iCHECK-DH to standardize the quality of reporting and improve implementation standards for digital health technologies. The 20-item checklist aims to aid researchers and practitioners in ensuring complete, accurate, and consistent reports.
Researchers found that highly work-relevant personal information from an AI agent elicits greater empathy in users, while less or no disclosure leads to suppressed empathy. This study suggests self-disclosure could be used to improve people's acceptance of AI technologies.
The University of Southern California has launched a $1 billion-plus initiative for computing research and education, focusing on AI, machine learning, data science, and emerging technologies. The initiative aims to integrate digital literacy across disciplines and prepare students for a more tech-intensive world.
A machine learning program can spot risky conversations on Instagram by analyzing metadata clues, such as conversation length and participant engagement. The system was 87% accurate in identifying risky chats using sparse and anonymous details from over 17,000 private chats.
A team approach to identifying patient cohorts using EHR data improves matching rates for certain e-phenotypes, such as infection and cancer. However, results vary across specialties and phenotypes, highlighting the need for expert collaboration in building accurate search queries.
A new study published in Neurology shows that younger brain age is associated with superior post-stroke outcomes, suggesting a potential biomarker for stroke rehabilitation. The research team used multi-site data sets and 3D brain structural MRIs to analyze the relationship between brain age and stroke recovery.
Regenstrief Institute researchers are using EHR data to advance measurement of chronic disease burdens, including diabetes and cardiovascular disease. They will discuss leveraging EHR data to improve clinician care and support targeted interventions for patients with chronic illnesses.
A study found that socially vulnerable populations have poorer COVID-19 outcomes despite similar vaccine effectiveness, due to lower vaccination rates. The VISION Network analyzed electronic health record data and immunization records to highlight the need for targeted public health efforts on vaccine coverage.
Researchers at Ruhr University Bochum detected deviations in 37 out of 40 chips, with a high detection rate achieved through clean room conditions and optimized algorithms. The team released their findings and analysis tools online for further study.
A multi-state study found COVID-19 mRNA vaccines remain protective during Omicron BA.4/BA.5 predominance, with estimated vaccine effectiveness of 68% against hospitalization within 7-119 days post-vaccination.
A review of studies found that rates of presumptive treatment for chlamydia and gonorrhea vary widely, with some areas treating up to 84% of patients while others treated less than 4%. The disparity highlights the need for standardized treatment guidelines and consideration of social determinants of health.
The University of Minnesota Medical School has received $1.4 million in funding to develop methods and risk management processes for clinical artificial intelligence and machine learning to optimize patient safety. The team will focus on understanding the performance of clinical AI at the individual patient level.
Kyoto University researchers have created a map comparing circuit structure with neural activity in mammals, revealing a new mechanism behind visual cortex activities. This discovery sheds light on the hidden connections between neurons and could provide directions for constructing power-efficient deep neural networks.
Researchers developed an interactive training app called 'iTrain' to teach caregivers how to provide post-stroke care. The app uses real-life data and simulations to assess the user's knowledge and improve their skills in providing optimal care, leading to a significant positive effect on anxiety among carers and stroke victims.
Researchers identified 7 key symptoms of long COVID, including heart issues and joint pain, in a study of 52,461 patients. The findings could help healthcare providers diagnose and treat the condition more effectively.
Researchers at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia have developed a custom-built application to automate the determination of engraftment after hematopoietic stem cell transplant. The tool has been shown to improve accuracy of reported engraftments, reducing errors in neutrophil and platelet engraftment reporting.
Researchers at Indiana University found that the average age of human conception is around 26.9 years, with fathers averaging 30.7 years and mothers averaging 23.2 years over the past 250,000 years. The study also suggests that the age gap between fathers and mothers has narrowed in recent times.
A study published in JAMIA Open surveyed 112 FHIR apps, revealing a rapidly growing landscape of clinical and research-focused applications. Most apps were standalone and web-based, with a focus on clinicians rather than patients, highlighting the standard's potential for secure health information exchange.
Researchers used auto-encoder technique to analyze 150 XRD patterns of magnetic alloys, identifying clusters and fine-tuning alloys by detecting relevant peaks. The approach enables accelerated development of high-efficiency materials with low environmental impact.
A multi-state study found that bivalent booster vaccines significantly reduce COVID-19-related emergency department or urgent care visits and hospitalization rates. The study showed a 57% reduction in COVID-19 related emergency department or urgent care visits compared to unvaccinated adults.
A national study confirms that vaccination significantly reduces disease severity and hospitalization risk for COVID-19, even among individuals who develop breakthrough cases. Hospital stays are shorter, ICU admissions are less common, and hospital deaths are lower among vaccinated adults compared to unvaccinated individuals.
The Washington D.C. metro area's dashboard is being developed at PSU, allowing users to see all the data together in one place. The project aims to improve nonmotorized planning by providing clean, quality-checked biking and walking count data.
A recent study by UCF Associate Professor Varadraj Gurupur created an algorithm to predict and measure the incompleteness of electronic health records. The analysis found that missing information is a significant issue, with varying levels of incompleteness per year and no clear pattern of where it occurs.
A study by University of Minnesota researchers found that personalized federated learning may offer an opportunity to develop both internal and externally validated algorithms. This technique enables multiple parties to train AI models collaboratively without exchanging or centralizing data sets, protecting sensitive medical informatio...
NJIT Assistant Professor Salam Daher is using augmented reality technology to train caretakers for the elderly. The project aims to improve communication and empathy skills through a digital model of an older person that responds to emotions and environment. The system will be tested to investigate its impact on patient outcomes.
A multistate study found that mRNA COVID vaccines were less effective in immunocompromised adults, with protection rates ranging from 34% to 71% after multiple doses. The study emphasizes the importance of non-pharmaceutical interventions, such as masks and antibody treatment, for additional protection against severe COVID-19.
A new study in Cell Systems explores the benefits of using multiple data types in drug discovery. Gene expression and cell morphology provide complementary information for drug prioritization, advancing drug discovery, functional genomics, and precision medicine.
The Keck School of Medicine's Stevens INI has received a nearly $2 million grant to upgrade its storage system, increasing its capacity to handle vast amounts of brain imaging data. This will enable the lab to maximize scientific productivity and fulfill its promise to collaborate with researchers globally.
A search of the Cambridge Structural Database found nearly 1,800 conglomerate crystal structures with spontaneous enriched chirality, augmenting synthetic building blocks for medicinal chemists. This discovery introduces a new pool of chiral molecules outside of natural sources, potentially leading to more effective treatments.
Researchers at FAU's Schmidt College of Medicine are developing a pilot program to tackle health disparities by leveraging electronic health records, artificial intelligence, and machine learning. The project aims to improve AI/ML delivery and research operations in community health centers and federally qualified health centers.
A large, real-world study found mRNA COVID-19 vaccines effectively protect against serious disease and hospitalizations in pregnant women. The study provides strong evidence for vaccination as a preventive measure during pregnancy.
Researchers developed an electronic laboratory notebook that uses knowledge graphs to describe material properties and experimental processes. The platform enables automated analysis, lossless sharing, and discovery of new materials with potential applications in energy-related devices.
A new study found that integrating genetic testing into electronic health records (EHRs) significantly reduces clinician workload, with average savings of 45 minutes per day. Clinicians can now order and manage tests directly through the EHR, resulting in reduced time spent on clerical work.
Research at large events like concerts and festivals shows that individuals exhibit 'bursty' movement patterns, stopping and resting before moving to new locations. This intermittent behavior increases the risk of spreading infectious diseases like COVID-19.
A study by Nagoya University found that elderly drivers have longer reaction times, slower decision-making, and increased brain activity in areas responsible for inhibition and switching tasks. This suggests a higher cognitive load in situations requiring complex foot responses while driving.
A new study by a global team of researchers has revealed subtle alterations in the size of the brain's prefrontal region in young people with mood disorders and suicidal thoughts and behaviors. The study suggests that these associations may be absent or more difficult to identify in more diverse samples.
Researchers are developing a comprehensive surveillance system to track lingering symptoms of COVID-19, known as long COVID-19. They will utilize existing health data and enroll patients to gain accurate information on the burden and outcomes of individuals affected by long COVID.
A new study by Petra Nieken found that charismatic leadership tactics and consistent video communication lead to better performance in remote work. In contrast, traditional charisma questionnaires did not predict staff performance. The study suggests that managers should convey a consistent impression when using the video channel.
Researchers at Hokkaido University used computer simulations to discover a reaction that selectively adds two fluorine atoms to a difficult-to-access position on an N-heterocycle. The successful synthesis of 48 new compounds with unique alpha position fluorine substitutions has significant potential for novel drug development.
The Indiana Training Program in Public and Population Health Informatics provides advanced training in data and information systems to improve population health. Trainees work with renowned researchers and partners to develop practical skills in informatics methods and strengthen public health interventions.
A new $2.4 million NIH award supports efforts to improve data sharing between dental and medical records, reducing delays in treatment decisions and improving patient health outcomes.
A new training program at MUSC and Clemson University aims to make future data scientists aware of health inequities, particularly in rural communities. The SC BIDS4HEALTH program will build on existing relationships with HBCUs and community groups across the state.
A new Regenstrief Institute study evaluates commercially available matching methodologies against real-world gold standard data to identify opportunities for improving match accuracy. The study found that referential patient matching demonstrates greater sensitivity and accuracy than traditional probabilistic approach.
A new US study analyzed tooth survival rates after root canals in a general population, revealing median survival time of 11.1 years. The research found disparities in longevity among geographic regions and the impact of insurance status on treatment outcomes.
A team of researchers developed a prognostic model using automated brain scans and machine learning to predict survival and recovery in severe TBI patients. The model accurately predicted risk of death and unfavorable outcomes at six months after the injury, potentially improving clinical decision-making and patient care.
Researchers found a significant decline in certain nutrition markers among denture wearers compared to non-denture wearers. The study suggests that dentists should be aware of this potential impact and provide advice or referrals for nutrition counseling.
Researchers found that video radiology reports improved patients' understanding of their results by using lay language and annotated images. The reports were also well-received by patients, with an average rating of 4.7 out of 5.
Researchers propose that well-designed computerized clinical decision support can facilitate team approaches to healthcare, enhancing communication and coordinating group effort. The tool provides evidence-based information and guidance, enabling primary care physicians to oversee a diverse healthcare team more efficiently.
A recent study by KIT and BGR predicts declining groundwater levels in Germany until 2100, regardless of the climate scenario. The worst-case scenario indicates significantly falling groundwater levels in North and East Germany by the end of the century.
Researchers develop a new method to reconstruct the states of complex nonlinear systems based on time series data. The approach optimizes reconstruction parameters by focusing on the geometric structure of attractors, resulting in improved accuracy.
A study analyzed perspectives on personal health records from cancer patients and providers, highlighting the need for discussions about record uses. Implementing PHRs more widely, tailoring them to specific conditions, and making them user-friendly are next steps to improve patient-centered care.
Researchers used a contrast pattern mining algorithm on publicly available data from 16,000 participants in the T1D Exchange Clinic Registry. The study found individuals with an immediate family history of Type 1 diabetes were more frequently diagnosed with hypertension and other co-occurring conditions.
Rising temperatures are causing the world's coldest forests to shift northward, threatening biodiversity and increasing wildfire risks. Soil nutrient availability also plays a key role in the response of boreal vegetation to climate change.