Articles tagged with Bone Diseases
Researchers at Columbia University and the University of Texas uncovered the genomic regions responsible for skeletal changes in primates that led to upright walking. The study found genes associated with hip, knee, and back arthritis, offering insights into prevention and treatment.
Researchers identified 145 key genetic points controlling skeletal proportions using AI on tens of thousands of X-ray images and genetic sequences. This discovery opens a window into predicting patients' risks of developing conditions like back pain or arthritis.
Researchers found osteochondrosis dissecans in fossil bones of Ice Age predators, with an incidence as high as 7% in shoulder and knee joints. The study suggests dwindling populations may have contributed to the disease's prevalence in these ancient species.
A comprehensive review of biochemical markers for bone fragility in diabetes identifies low bone turnover and alterations in bone quality as key factors. The study suggests that glycemic control, AGEs, and serum IGF-1 may have predictive value for fracture risk in patients with diabetes.
Research in the BMJ Open journal suggests that mid-life structural changes to the jawbone may signal subsequent height loss in women. The study, conducted on a cohort of women in Gothenburg, Sweden, found that severe cortical erosion and sparse trabeculation in the jawbone predicted significant bone shrinkage over time.
A new special issue of Calcified Tissue International & Musculoskeletal Research explores how the skeleton functions as both a secretory organ and an endocrine target tissue. Researchers discuss key avenues in this area of research, including deciphering hormone messages encoded in bone cell secretory products.
Researchers have made significant progress in understanding osteoarthritis, linking degradation of articular cartilage to inflammatory and metabolic processes. Elevated levels of the protein c-Fos are found in human and mouse cartilage samples with OA, suggesting a new target for therapy.
The study found that drug-resistant Leishmania parasites have distinct protein production profiles compared to sensitive parasites, suggesting a global reprogramming of protein synthesis. This pre-emptive adaptation enables the parasite to quickly respond to the presence of the drug and survive when it is absent.
A global study predicts a significant increase in hip fractures worldwide by 2050, with the number projected to nearly double compared to 2018. The study highlights a post-fracture treatment gap in fracture prevention, particularly for men, leading to increased mortality and dependency.
A study from the University of Eastern Finland found that pre-term and low birthweight infants have significantly fewer fractures in childhood compared to full-term and normal-weight newborns. The researchers suggest factors other than bone health may explain this difference, including reduced risk-taking behavior.
Researchers developed a 'Skeletal Age' metric to assess impact of fractures on mortality, revealing a loss of one to seven years of life depending on gender, age, and bone site. The online calculator measures bone fragility to help doctors and patients understand fracture risks.
The new FRAXplus beta version offers a more user-friendly platform to refine risk factor information, allowing clinicians to explore the impact on individual patients. The tool provides helpful features such as saved data and export options to facilitate sharing.
Professor Nicholas Harvey received the prestigious IOF Olof Johnell Science Award for his outstanding scientific contributions to osteoporosis. The award recognizes his work on fracture risk assessment tools and musculoskeletal research.
Scientists have developed a new method to deliver genetic information to stem cells using nanoparticles coated with a specific polymer, enabling more efficient control over cellular differentiation. This innovation has the potential to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of regenerative medicine treatments.
A new interactive online Fragility Fracture Decision Aid can help clinicians and patients visualize their individual risk of fracture. The Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care recommends a "risk assessment–first" screening process for women 65 years and older, centered around shared decision-making with primary care providers.
Bernard Cortet receives ESCEO-IOF Herbert Fleisch Medal for groundbreaking contributions to osteoporosis research, including publications on clinical recommendations and patient outcomes. He is recognized for his leadership roles in French Society of Rheumatology and Osteoporosis Research and Information Group.
The Build Better Bones platform provides practical guidance on strengthening bones through targeted exercises and bone-healthy nutrition. The platform also offers helpful information for caregivers, including support with daily tasks and medical specialty knowledge.
Researchers have identified 145 potential height genes linked to skeletal disorders and growth plate maturation. The study found that genetic changes affecting cartilage cell maturation may strongly influence adult height.
A new drug called CADD522 blocks a gene associated with driving bone cancer's spread, increasing survival rates by 50% in mice implanted with human bone cancer. The breakthrough treatment shows promise in all main bone cancer subtypes and has the potential to save lives and reduce disability.
A study published in PLOS ONE reveals that two elite brothers from Late Bronze Megiddo, Israel, had access to trephination, a rare brain surgery procedure, around 1500 BC. The brothers' tomb contained evidence of chronic disease and advanced bone lesions, suggesting they survived due to their wealth and status.
Scientists have successfully corrected limb length in a mouse model of FZD2-associated autosomal dominant Robinow Syndrome, a genetic disorder that affects skeletal growth and development. The treatment involves using a drug that stimulates the signalling pathway, resulting in significantly longer limbs than untreated mice.
A new economic model estimates the health benefits and budget impact of Fracture Liaison Services, showing significant reductions in fragility fractures, hospital bed days, and social care costs. The model suggests that FLS implementation would lead to improved patient outcomes and cost-effectiveness.
A team of researchers discovered that a mutation in the HMGB1 protein causes a rare disorder with severe malformations, suggesting a link between protein droplets and genetic disease. The study's findings could have implications for understanding congenital malformations, common diseases, and cancer.
Researchers discovered that bone marrow transplants can halt the development and progression of brain blood vessel disease in adults with sickle cell disease. The study found that receiving stem cell transplants led to positive changes in blood vessels, reducing the risk of stroke among patients with the condition.
Biomarkers of bone turnover are essential for diagnosing and treating metabolic musculoskeletal diseases. The International Osteoporosis Foundation, IFCC, and ESCEO have collaborated to publish authoritative reviews on the use and interpretation of these biomarkers.
Researchers have identified a key molecule, retinoic acid, that may be a promising new treatment for hand osteoarthritis. The study found that individuals with certain gene variants had lower levels of retinoic acid, which could lead to the development of disease-modifying drugs.
Researchers from Complexity Science Hub and Medical University of Vienna found that high doses of cholesterol-lowering statins impair bone quality in mice, with a significant increase in osteoporosis risk. The study confirms previous findings on the correlation between statin use and osteoporosis diagnosis in humans.
Researchers identified a link between skeletal muscle atrophy and the loss of two types of myosin. The study showed that mice lacking these proteins experienced severe muscle atrophy and died within four weeks, providing a potential animal model for treating human muscle-wasting disorders.
Researchers from Trinity College Dublin analyzed ancient DNA from two men with multiple osteochondromas, a rare genetic disease, and identified new mutations in the EXT1 gene. This study is the first to discover a new disease mutation in ancient genomic data.
Two studies found corticosteroid injections associated with osteoarthritis progression, while hyaluronic acid injections may slow down progression. Corticosteroids increase risk of disease progression, highlighting need for cautious use.
Researchers at UVA Cancer Center have identified interleukin-1 as a crucial contributor to the development of myelofibrosis, a potentially deadly bone marrow cancer. Targeting this cytokine could prevent myelofibrosis from progressing and spare bone marrow scarring.
Scientists from NTU Singapore have discovered that telomeres are stacked in columns like a spring, leaving DNA exposed to damage. This finding could improve understanding of how humans age and develop cancer, with potential treatments for diseases caused by dysfunctional telomeres.
A new study reveals that European moles reduce their brains by 11% in winter and regrow them by 4% in summer to conserve energy. This phenomenon, known as Dehnel's phenomenon, is driven by cold conditions rather than food shortage alone.
Researchers at MUSC found that extracting and isolating Treg cells and transplanting them back into the same system successfully treats osteogenesis imperfecta for a year. The treatment results in stronger bones, increased osteoblast numbers, and decreased osteoclast numbers.
A new study shows that photon-counting detector CT with AI-based noise reduction detects more lesions in multiple myeloma patients than conventional CT. The technology offers superior image quality at lower radiation doses, potentially impacting therapy choice and patient outcomes.
A team of researchers at Mount Sinai discovered a molecular mechanism involving carbohydrate response-element binding protein (ChREBP) that plays a key role in glucose toxicity and beta-cell death. Increasing expression of an alternate form of ChREBP or activating nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2 can preserve beta-cell mass.
Researchers discovered that vitamin K acts as an antioxidant, inhibiting ferroptotic cell death and identifying FSP1 as the warfarin-insensitive enzyme responsible. This finding has implications for treating Alzheimer's disease and acute organ injuries.
A KAUST-developed nanotechnology platform uses tiny iron wires that bend in response to magnetic fields to accelerate bone cell formation. Bone-forming stem cells grown on the moving substrate transform into mature bone much faster than usual, potentially paving the way for more efficient regeneration of bone.
The International Osteoporosis Foundation proposes a screening strategy to identify women at high risk of hip fracture, which could lead to a reduction in treatment gaps and improved identification of fractures. The approach combines low-cost assessment with targeted intervention using low-cost generic treatments.
A review of scientific evidence concludes that diet has little impact on the progression of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. While a healthy diet brings other health benefits, the impact on these diseases is small and not clinically meaningful.
The UK National Osteoporosis Guideline Group has published a new guideline for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis, which includes updated recommendations for vertebral fracture detection and anabolic treatment options. The guidance aims to improve service provision in both primary and secondary care settings.
Professor René Rizzoli has been recognized for his significant and longstanding contribution to the advancement of osteoporosis research through his work on bone metabolism and mineralization. He is a respected researcher, clinician, and leader in the field of osteoporosis, with a strong focus on prevention and treatment.
The International Osteoporosis Foundation awarded Professor Thierry Thomas the IOF Committee of Scientific Advisors (CSA) Medal of Achievement for his outstanding scientific contributions to osteoporosis. The award recognizes his work on secondary fracture prevention and post-fracture care coordination programs.
The IOF Skeletal Rare Diseases Academy has awarded grants to six young researchers for their outstanding work on rare skeletal disorders. The awards recognize the importance of advancing knowledge and diagnosis for these conditions.
Chronic liver injury triggers bone loss through the liver-bone axis, characterized by an imbalance of PP2Ac® and LCAT. This study reveals the molecular mechanisms behind HOD disease progression.
The American Roentgen Ray Society recognizes Drs. Nguyen, Beheshtian, Harfouch, and Hashiba for their outstanding research and education contributions to the field of radiology. The awards honor the candidates' scientific merit and potential impact on imaging and allied sciences research.
Researchers develop ice-inspired lubricant that enhances lubrication and reduces friction and inflammation in a rat model of osteoarthritis. The treatment, which uses microfluidic technology to create drug-loaded particles, shows promise as a potential solution for joint pain and degeneration.
Survival rates for adult patients with relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) after hematopoietic cell transplantation have increased significantly over the past two decades. The two-year overall survival rate rose from 27.8% in 2000-2004 to 54.8% in 2015-2019, despite a significant increase in patient age at relapse.
A new study by researchers at Mount Sinai found that a specific gene, HHIP, helps regulate the development of the coronal suture, a fibrous joint that connects the front and middle bone plates. The study showed that embryos with a missing HHIP gene had misshapen skulls and fewer mesenchymal cells separating the bones.
Researchers at Hospital Gregorio Marañón and UC3M developed a navigation system combining surgical navigation, three-dimensional photography, and augmented reality to estimate bone fragment positions during surgery. This system has been used on 7 patients with optimal results, reducing dependency on surgeons' experience.
Researchers used next-generation DNA sequencing to detect residual disease in patients treated with CAR-T therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The study found that DNA sequencing was more sensitive and accurate than flow cytometry in predicting relapse, enabling earlier intervention.
A study by Tokyo University of Science researchers identifies a novel regulatory axis targeting dendritic cell activity, suppressing autoimmune disease symptoms and bone loss. They discovered DCIR binds to glycoproteins on macrophages and osteoclasts, reducing inflammation and immune responses.
Research suggests that obesity triggers inflammation, leading to an increase in myeloid-derived suppressor cells, which break down bone tissue. This can result in gum disease and tooth loss. The study found a significant link between high-fat diets and increased osteoclasts and alveolar bone destruction.
The study provides a unique genomic blueprint for understanding the complex mechanisms linking obesity with comorbidities like type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. The Ossabaw pig's genome is highly relevant to humans, making it an ideal model for studying human obesity.
Researchers at Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona develop gene therapy that fully corrects severe whole-body alterations in Morquio A disease, a rare condition caused by GALNS enzyme deficiency. The therapy, administered via intravenous viral vector, prevents bone malformations and life-threatening complications.
A study published in Current Rheumatology Reviews found that rehabilitation exercises significantly improved functional strength and reduced weight in knee osteoarthritis patients. The researchers also noted an increase in exercise adherence among the rehabilitation group compared to the control group.
Researchers created the first detailed cell-by-cell description of how the coronal suture develops, identifying new genes and cell types involved in generating stem cells that grow skull bones. The study aims to advance new interventions for patients with craniosynostosis.
Scientists have discovered a way to replace mutated osteoblasts with healthy ones, leading to improved collagen production and potentially paving the way for a cure for brittle bone disease. The breakthrough could be translated to other forms of OI and bone diseases in the future.
A preclinical study supports AAV8-TNAP-D10 as a single-dose treatment for hypophosphatasia, extending the life span of mice with minimal side effects. The therapy may provide an alternative to current medication injections, benefiting patients with severe skeletal and dental abnormalities.
Scientists have created a miniature 3D bone marrow model that can predict patient responses to Eltrombopag therapy for platelet disorders. The model uses silk protein scaffolding and patient-derived cells to recreate human bone marrow conditions.