Inflammatory Disorders

Ultrasound has potential to alter how the brain responds to pain

Decades-old theory debunked to explain rare immune condition

Researchers at Garvan Institute of Medical Research discovered key immune cells malfunction in mevalonate kinase deficiency (MKD), a rare but devastating autoinflammatory disorder. Current treatments targeting inflammatory signals produced by macrophages fail in half of patients, but JAK inhibitors may provide relief.

The cost of delaying childhood vaccination

A new study from Cornell University found that delaying the first dose of hepatitis B vaccine after birth leads to increased infections and higher healthcare costs. The longer the delay, the more severe the consequences for newborns, who are at high risk of developing chronic infections and premature death.

Discovery could point to new treatments for cardiovascular disease, arthritis, Crohn's and other inflammatory diseases

A protein interaction between iNOS and IRG1 has been identified as a key regulator of the immune response. This discovery could lead to new treatments for conditions such as cardiovascular disease, arthritis, and Crohn's disease.

Do drugs that similarly combat a disease have differing effects on quality of life?

Researchers found that patients taking TNF inhibitors reported better energy levels and mood, while those on IL-6 and JAK inhibitors showed improved physical functioning. This suggests different drug classes offer distinct advantages across quality-of-life domains.

Exercise harder, not just longer, to reduce risk of disease and death

Research found that people who spend a higher proportion of their total physical activity doing vigorous activity have substantially lower risks of all eight serious health conditions. The benefits of vigorous activity remained even when the amount of time was modest.

Key driver of long-term inflammatory memory identified

Researchers identified distinct genetic sequences that propel critical memories into years-long timeframes underpinning chronic disease. The study provides valuable inroads for developing new therapeutic strategies for chronic inflammation.

Promising active substance against hepatitis E identified

A drug already in clinical trials for hepatitis C has been found to also prevent hepatitis E virus replication, offering new hope for a treatment option. The discovery was made using a library of nucleotide/nucleoside analogues and preclinical models.

Pitt research reveals protective key that may curb insulin-resistance and prevent diabetes

University of Pittsburgh scientists discovered a way to fight insulin resistance and diabetes by protecting a special type of immune cell in fat tissue. By improving insulin sensitivity in mice, the research reveals a potential new treatment path for type 2 diabetes that could supplement GLP-1 drugs.

Global burden of elderly patients with pancreatitis increases

A new study found that while the number of pancreatitis-associated deaths among the elderly decreased between 1992 and 2021, the total cases rose significantly due to population growth. The age-standardized incidence rate per 100,000 fell from 100.21 in 1992 to 85.20 in 2021.

Could a dietary supplement make the difference between life and death during illness?

Salk Institute scientists discover that dietary supplementation of the amino acid methionine protects infected mice against inflammation-related wasting, blood-brain barrier dysfunction, and death. Methionine boosts kidney filtration, reducing circulating cytokine levels and improving disease outcomes.

Early treatment can delay rheumatoid arthritis for years

A new study by King's College London found that early treatment with abatacept can delay rheumatoid arthritis (RA) onset in people at high risk for several years. The benefits persist even after treatment has stopped, potentially reducing the number of years people live with symptoms and complications.

Hormonal fluctuations affect women’s immunity, but a lack of rigor in studies still prevents a consensus

Researchers found that inadequate characterization of the menstrual cycle in studies contributes to conflicting results. A new study aims to investigate the relationship between hormonal fluctuations and physical exercise, seeking to broaden understanding of women's immunity.

cPLA2 inhibition with fexofenadine protects cartilage in degenerative joint disease

The study demonstrates that fexofenadine reduces cartilage degradation, inflammation, and senescence in mice models for OA and IVDD. Pharmacological inhibition of cPLA2 preserves cartilage structure and improves behavioral outcomes.

New antibodies developed that can inhibit inflammation in autoimmune diseases

Two first-in-class antibodies, C01 and C04, have been developed to inhibit inflammation in autoimmune diseases by blocking the high-affinity IgG receptor FcγRI. The antibodies were discovered using a unique immunization method and exhibit higher affinity for FcγRI than human IgG.

UMC Utrecht researchers receive grant to develop predictive model for juvenile dermatomyositis

Researchers at UMC Utrecht are developing a predictive model to accurately predict disease progress in juvenile dermatomyositis. The Interferon Score aims to identify which children can safely reduce medication and which require intensified treatment.

Weight loss drugs don’t increase the risk of pancreatitis or adverse cardiac events in patients with high triglycerides

Researchers from Intermountain Health have found that GLP-1 receptor agonists do not increase the risk of pancreatitis or adverse cardiac events in patients with high triglycerides. Patients taking these medications had a four times lower risk of developing pancreatitis compared to those not on the medication.

Insight into how sugars regulate the inflammatory disease process

Scientists have discovered that immune cells shed their glycocalyx layer to move into tissues, changing the understanding of inflammatory skin diseases like psoriasis. This finding may lead to new approaches in developing drugs targeting immune cell movement and treating infections and inflammatory diseases.

How bacteria that cause inflammatory colitis outmaneuver our body’s defenses

Researchers discovered that Shigella flexneri uses three effectors to disable host defense pathways, allowing the pathogen to replicate and evade the immune system. This study offers new insights into developing vaccines and targeted therapies for inflammatory colitis, a significant public health challenge.

Decades-old asthma theory challenged: Newly discovered molecules may be real drivers of disease

Case Western Reserve University researchers discovered pseudo leukotrienes, which may be the dominant players in the inflammatory cascade that causes disease. The findings open new avenues for treating asthma and other inflammatory diseases.

University of Houston researcher reports simple urine test could transform kidney care

Researchers have identified 57 unique proteins in urine that can indicate active damage to the kidneys, enabling non-invasive monitoring of lupus nephritis. This breakthrough could transform diagnosis and treatment for millions worldwide affected by systemic lupus erythematosus.

Arthritis pain rising: How state policies matter

A study by UT Arlington researchers found that state welfare policies affect joint pain trends, with states like Colorado and Hawaii seeing significant increases. In contrast, Texas saw a decrease in the educational gap despite increased pain prevalence, highlighting the need for targeted interventions.

The “Catch-22” of aging: Our immune system protects us by committing our cells to die

Researchers from the Stowers Institute for Medical Research have identified a common process that powers the creation of protein formations that assemble like a 3D puzzle, triggering inflammation and cell death. This 'Catch-22' mechanism may be one of the fundamental reasons why we age.

Immune ageing detected in the earliest stages of rheumatoid arthritis before clinical diagnosis gives hope for early intervention

A new study from the University of Birmingham has found that immune ageing may be a driver of rheumatoid arthritis rather than a consequence of the disease. The research detected features of immune system ageing in the earliest stages of RA, even before clinical diagnosis, suggesting that early intervention is possible.

Elucidating the mechanism and significance behind the rise of immature neutrophils during infection and inflammation

Researchers found that immature neutrophils migrate into inflamed tissues upon stimulation by interferon-γ, suppressing inflammation and reducing tissue damage. In humans, these cells also produce interleukin-10, which increases in the blood of COVID-19 patients.

A stunning first look at the viruses inside us

Researchers mapped the surface envelope glycoprotein of human endogenous retroviruses, opening doors to new diagnostic and therapeutic opportunities. The study revealed specific antibodies that target the viral proteins, potentially leading to new cancer immunotherapies and treatments for autoimmune diseases.

The aging blueprint: Understanding the cellular mechanisms of skeletal aging

Aging cells disrupt bone renewal and repair processes, leading to weak bones and joint degeneration. Cellular senescence and inflammation are major drivers of skeletal decline, while senolytics and emerging therapies offer promising new paths for treatment.

University of Houston professor creates new drug delivery system to tackle lupus

A new drug delivery system targeting the spleen could provide more effective treatment options for lupus, a debilitating autoimmune disease. The system uses lipid nanoparticles modified with mannose to deliver medicine directly to the spleen and target critical immune cells thought to drive the disease.

New monoclonal antibody targets deadly sepsis

Scientists have developed a monoclonal antibody to combat life-threatening inflammatory diseases like sepsis and ARDS. The antibody shows promise in blocking the immune system's hyperactive response and restoring healthy function without unwanted side effects.

Nanoparticles for rheumatoid arthritis prevention, flare control

Nanoparticles containing calcitriol and a protein fragment from aggrecan have been shown to regulate dendritic cell activity, reducing inflammation and swelling in RA. The treatment also delays disease onset and reduces joint damage when combined with other medications.

First of its kind study for children with arthritis reveals possible new disease targets

A groundbreaking study has uncovered the unique architecture of cells and signals inside the joint as inflammation takes hold in children with arthritis. The research provides a new way forward for understanding this condition, which affects over 10,000 children in the UK.

The hidden drawbacks of HIV: treatment regimens may exacerbate risk of knee arthritis

Researchers investigated the link between HIV treatment regimens and osteoarthritis development, revealing that certain medications like lopinavir can exacerbate OA in the knee. The study's findings have important implications for people living with HIV, highlighting the need to carefully consider treatment options.

Statins may reduce risk of death by 39% for patients with life-threatening sepsis

A large cohort study has shown that supplementary treatment with statins can boost survival chances for critically ill patients with sepsis. The results indicate a 39% lower death rate over 28 days after hospital admission.

Multiple sclerosis: Triggers in the gut flora

A study of twins reveals that certain bacteria in the small intestine may trigger MS. Researchers identified two specific bacteria, Lachnoclostridium sp and Eisenbergiella tayi, which are associated with the disease. The findings suggest a new potential therapeutic target for MS treatment.

Immune system discovery reveals potential solution to Alzheimer’s

Researchers at University of Virginia Health System discovered that an immune molecule called STING drives the formation of harmful plaques and protein tangles associated with Alzheimer's. Blocking STING protected lab mice from mental decline, suggesting a promising treatment target for neurodegenerative diseases.

LJI scientists uncover key clues to how a viral infection can lead to arthritis-like disease

Researchers at La Jolla Institute for Immunology discovered that CD4+ T cells target Chikungunya virus, leading to chronic inflammation and joint pain. The study suggests that these monofunctional T cells may be the culprits behind arthritis-like symptoms in CHIKV patients.

Maintaining balance in the immune system

Research from Babraham Institute uncovers importance of RNA binding proteins in regulatory T cell function. The study sheds light on how the immune system maintains balance and forms foundation for understanding age-related inflammation.

KAIST discovers protein switch that turns anti-viral immune response on and off​

Researchers at KAIST have identified a critical protein called SLIRP that acts as an 'immune switch' regulating immune responses to viruses and autoimmune diseases. Suppressing SLIRP can alleviate abnormal immune responses in patients with Sjögren's syndrome, coronavirus, and encephalomyocarditis virus infection.

‘Rogue’ immune cells explain why a gluten-free diet fails in some coeliac patients

Researchers discovered that certain immune cells in the gut of refractory coeliac disease patients carry genetic mutations, driving ongoing intestinal inflammation and symptoms. The study's findings suggest a new way to diagnose and potentially treat the most severe form of coeliac disease.

New study reveals our skin’s own bacteria can help protect us from the bad effects of sunlight

Researchers discover certain skin bacteria metabolize cis-urocanic acid using enzyme urocanase, fine-tuning immune response to UV radiation. This finding opens the door to microbiome-aware sun protection, where resident microbes are considered in sun protection strategies.

HDAC11 deficiency improves muscle function and regeneration during ageing

A study led by the Badalona Neuromuscular Research Group found that HDAC11 deficiency reduces muscle mass loss, promotes muscle regeneration, and improves overall muscle function in aged murine models. This discovery proposes a new therapeutic strategy to slow down age-related muscular decline and promote healthier ageing.

More women with most common autoimmune diseases die from cardiovascular disease than men

A new study found that women with the most common autoimmune diseases die from cardiovascular disease more frequently than men. This highlights the need for improved CVD risk management in these patients.

Virtual pulmonary rehabilitation programs are safe, effective for people with COPD

A new report published in the COPD Foundation's journal found virtual pulmonary rehabilitation to be a safe and effective alternative for people with COPD who require supplemental oxygen. The program improved clinical outcomes and quality of life for participants, demonstrating its potential to increase access to care.

Inhibiting ADAM19 reduces gut inflammation and cell aging markers across species

Researchers have discovered that inhibiting the metalloprotease ADAM19 can reduce gut inflammation and cell aging markers across species. The study found that blocking ADAM19 reduced gut damage and inflammation in fruit flies, mice, and human cells, offering a promising path for creating treatments to maintain healthy tissues.

Feeling stressed may lead to worsened respiratory symptoms, decreased quality of life

A new study found that increased perceived stress can lead to worsened respiratory symptoms and decreased quality of life in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The study also examined the association between stress and platelet activation, oxidative stress, and systemic inflammation.

Immune cells drive congenital paralysis disease

A recent study published in Journal of Experimental Medicine found that immune cells play a major role in the development of spastic paraplegia type 15. The research, led by Professor Elvira Mass and Dr. Marc Beyer, suggests that severe inflammation in the brain precedes neuronal damage and could be relevant to Alzheimer's disease.

Aging reimagined: UT Health San Antonio study shifts focus from inevitable decline to optimizing resilience

Researchers discovered that individuals with robust immune resilience at midlife can gain a 15.5-year survival advantage due to their ability to counter disease drivers and maintain healthy aging. The study highlights the importance of salutogenesis, or promoting health and well-being from birth to approximately age 70.

Study finds psychedelics can reverse neuroimmune interactions that boost fear

Researchers found that immune system influences stress and fear behaviors by changing how brain cells communicate, but treatment with psychedelics can target these interactions and reduce stress-induced fear. The study suggests that psychedelics could reshape treatment for inflammatory disorders like anxiety and depression.

Titanium particles are common around implants

A new study from the University of Gothenburg found that titanium micro-particles are consistently present at all examined implants, even those without signs of inflammation. The researchers identified 14 genes that may be affected by these particles, but further research is needed to understand their impact on tissue health.

Vitamin D nasal spray treats loss of smell in mice

Researchers at the University of Florida have discovered a vitamin D nasal spray that significantly reduces nasal inflammation and improves sense of smell in mice. This study suggests a new potential treatment for humans suffering from loss of smell due to inflammation, which is often caused by cigarette smoke or COVID-19.

YTHDF1 identified as a potential therapeutic target for autoimmune hepatitis

A new study reveals that YTHDF1 plays a crucial role in suppressing immune-mediated liver injury and modulating inflammatory responses. YTHDF1 deficiency exacerbates liver damage, inflammation, and proinflammatory cytokine production.

CNIC scientists discover a type of immune cell that produces defensive "shields" in the skin

Researchers have identified a type of immune cell that produces extracellular matrix, strengthening the skin's defensive function and maintaining its integrity. This discovery may lead to new strategies for treating skin diseases, inflammation, diabetes, and age-related conditions.

Exercise and healthy eating behaviour together provide the best protection against cardiovascular diseases

Women with disturbed eating behaviours and low physical activity have more central body fat and increased risk of metabolic inflammation, which can lead to cardiovascular disease. Exercise and flexible eating habits may reduce visceral fat and prevent disease when combined.

New treatment option for psoriasis discovered

Researchers have identified a new starting point for therapy by targeting SSAT enzyme in psoriasis, restoring regulatory T cell function and breaking inflammation cycle. This approach could lead to a promising alternative treatment option with fewer side effects.

Breakthrough study discovers genetic mutation could be basis for novel treatment of rheumatoid arthritis

A recent study by York University researchers has identified a genetic mutation that can shut down an overactive immune response, dramatically reducing inflammation in mice. This discovery may pave the way for a new class of drugs to treat rheumatoid arthritis and other inflammatory diseases.

Dermatology researchers discover new skin disease using innovative diagnostic platform

Dermatology researchers have identified a novel skin disease in a male patient with erythroderma, a rare and severe inflammation that causes widespread redness and scaling. Targeted treatment with biologic inhibitors reversed symptoms, providing a promising diagnostic tool for precision-medicine.

The microbiota, an ally for predicting individual sensitivity to food additives

A new study developed a human microbiota modelling system capable of predicting each person's sensitivity to an emulsifier, such as carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), using a simple stool sample. The model identified a specific metagenomic signature of sensitivity to CMC, allowing for the prediction of individual susceptibility.

Skin disease patients show response to targeted treatment

Researchers have identified a targeted therapy that could bring relief to people living with lichen planus, a chronic inflammatory skin condition. The treatment, baricitinib, selectively blocks specific inflammatory pathways, reducing inflammation and suppressing the overactive immune response that contributes to the disease.

Precision medicine and inflammatory diseases: Surrey research highlights power of metabolic modelling to generate personalized probiotics

Researchers at the University of Surrey propose a new approach to treating inflammatory diseases using personalized probiotic therapies. By analyzing large-scale computer models and computational methodologies, they can identify potential targets and design tailored treatments.

Sepsis, or death by lethal message

Researchers discovered that cells caught up in sepsis send out messages to other cells, causing them to die and fueling the spiraling inflammation. By understanding this process, scientists may be able to develop a treatment for inflammatory diseases like sepsis.