Articles tagged with Respiratory Disorders
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A cross-sectional study found that hospitalized adults with RSV vaccine eligibility were more likely to receive the vaccine. Sociodemographic differences in vaccine uptake occurred, suggesting appropriate prioritization of populations with increased risk.
Research shows that highly reactive components in particulate matter disappear within hours, leading to inaccurate estimates of their presence and potential health risks. This discovery highlights the need for more accurate measurements and better protective measures.
The American Thoracic Society's ATS 2025 International Conference will showcase cutting-edge research in pulmonary, critical care, and sleep medicine. The conference will include breaking news from leading experts in the field.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have developed a new method to diagnose COPD by analyzing protein levels in nasal lavage. The study found that elevated IL-26 levels can indicate an early phase of the disease, and may lead to new treatment strategies targeting this cytokine.
Researchers discovered that misplaced immune cells drive aggressive lung disease, with potential for new treatments targeting plasma cells and their signaling pathways. The study found novel cellular networks orchestrating the abnormal immune response, offering hope for patients with limited therapeutic options.
Researchers have discovered a potential new treatment for pulmonary fibrosis by targeting the Piezo2 receptor, which plays a critical role in stiffness-mediated profibrotic fibroblast phenotypes. Inhibiting Piezo2 expression or function may slow disease progression and offer new therapeutic options.
Researchers at WashU have developed a method to manipulate the mechanical side of fibrosis, a complex condition that can lead to scarring and breathing difficulties. By controlling the direction of tension forces, they aim to prevent or treat fibrosis and develop personalized treatment plans for patients.
A new editorial highlights a growing concern in cancer care: radiotherapy may leave behind residual disease that can lead to worse long-term outcomes. Studies have shown that patients with residual disease are more likely to experience cancer recurrence and shorter survival, emphasizing the need for regular biopsy-based tests.
CHEST MedCast offers over 400 videos and podcasts with personalized content recommendations, available on-demand and at any time from any device. The platform features an algorithm-based recommendation engine and up to 100 available CME credits/MOC points.
Crew-9 astronauts conducted research on protein crystallization studies and a new drug for Alzheimer's, dementia, and Parkinson's. They also supported student-led experiments, contributing to the next generation of explorers.
A new study led by University College London researchers found that social disadvantages can accelerate ageing and increase disease risk. People with favourable socioeconomic conditions show fewer signs of biological ageing than peers of the same age.
Researchers have discovered how severe COVID-19 can destroy immune cells' ability to repair the lungs, leading to lingering effects of long COVID. By enhancing damaged organelles using a FDA-approved drug, they found improved lung healing and reduced inflammation.
The Bronchiectasis and NTM Care Center Network facilitates access to specialized care and support for hundreds of thousands of people with bronchiectasis and NTM lung disease. The network aims to improve quality of life and advance a cure for these conditions.
Rentosertib, a breakthrough drug candidate for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), has been granted an official generic name by the USAN Council. The drug's development was accelerated using generative AI, identifying TNIK as a promising target and designing small-molecule compounds in just 18 months.
A breakthrough CRISPR-based test has been developed to diagnose Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP), a life-threatening fungal infection. The test detects RNA from live fungi in blood samples and throat swabs, providing a faster and more accurate diagnosis than current invasive bronchoscopy procedures.
The collaboration aims to close gaps in early recognition and management of IPF by equipping healthcare providers, public health professionals, and patients with necessary resources. The organizations will employ designated activities to build a knowledge base, develop survey tools, and create educational and awareness assets.
A nationwide study found that COVID-19 hospital patients experienced a higher rate of deaths from any cause and were more likely to be hospitalized for specific conditions, particularly neurological and respiratory problems. The study also identified increased risks of chronic health complications up to 30 months after discharge.
A study suggests that pre-existing immunity against seasonal H1N1 flu can reduce the severity of bird flu in ferrets. In the study, ferrets with prior H1N1 immunity were protected against severe disease and death caused by H5N1 bird flu, whereas those without prior immunity had more severe illness and fatal outcomes.
Short-course corticosteroid treatment was associated with lower surgical site complications and in-hospital mortality in patients with postoperative acute lung injury following lung resection surgery. The optimal duration of corticosteroid treatment remains uncertain, highlighting the need to weigh benefits against adverse effects.
A retrospective study found that smoking negatively affects respiratory rehabilitation efficacy in COPD patients, leading to inferior pulmonary function improvements and reduced quality of life compared to non-smokers. Non-smokers showed significant gains in exercise capacity and sleep quality post-rehabilitation.
The American College of Chest Physicians (CHEST) has developed an educational program and formal certification exam for nurse practitioners and physician assistants/associates in critical care. The program validates clinical expertise and demonstrates professional acumen, aiming to improve patient care.
Researchers analyzed protein-coding RNA transcripts from single cells and lung fluid of infected pigs, monitoring immune cell alterations triggered by PRRSV strains of varying virulence. They found that high-virulence PRRSV caused severe lung damage and immune imbalance, while less virulent strains led to delayed lung damage with fewer...
The study confirms the innovative Ambu aScope 5 Broncho is a rotatable scope compatible with electrocautery, ensuring safe procedures without complications or need for reusable scopes. Single-use flexible bronchoscopes have shown comparable performance to reusable ones in terms of functioning, cost, and environmental impact.
An international team of researchers has created a detailed map of individual cells in the adult lung, including those affected by chronic lung disease. The AI-driven finding shows that some lung tissue in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) exhibits signs of the disease before significant structural changes occur.
Thousands of Medicare beneficiaries developed postoperative infections up to six months after coronary artery bypass grafting or aortic valve replacement. Women had a 60% greater odds of developing infections, including urinary tract, pneumonia, and sepsis.
Researchers have successfully modeled a treatment-resistant form of asthma in mice, shedding light on the role of CD4+T resident memory cells and MHC-II molecules in lung inflammation. The study's findings may lead to new treatments for this severe and debilitating condition.
A preclinical study reveals that tumors drive clot formation by releasing chemokines, prompting immune cells to release small vesicles that attach to cell fragments, forming life-threatening clots. The findings may lead to diagnostic tests and safer therapies to target the root of blood clotting risk.
Researchers at TUM found that cystic fibrosis causes changes in the immune system as early as birth, leading to frequent inflammation and infections. These changes are not affected by CFTR modulator therapies.
Arnulfo Duarte, a first-year fellow, will receive the APCCMPD and CHEST Medical Educator Scholar Diversity Fellowship for a second year. The program aims to improve diversity in pulmonary and critical care education by providing mentorship and training opportunities.
The ACC Advancing the Cardiovascular Care of the Oncology Patient conference will provide clinicians with tools to improve cardiovascular care of cancer patients. Key sessions will include discussions on pulmonary tumor thrombotic microangiopathy, AI and technology in cardio-oncology.
Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales, including K. pneumoniae and E. coli, pose a significant risk to EU/EEA patients and healthcare systems. The epidemiological situation has deteriorated since 2019, with high-risk lineages spreading in hospitals.
Researchers at Lancaster University have developed a new method to detect Alzheimer's disease by analyzing changes in brain oxygenation dynamics and neuronal function. The study found that individuals with Alzheimer's disease exhibit altered respiratory frequency, which may be an early indicator of the condition.
A broadly neutralizing antibody has been shown to protect monkeys against severe H5N1 avian flu disease. The antibody's stable structure ensures it can withstand virus variants, providing universal protection against a globally spreading airborne infection. Serum levels of the antibody remained stable for up to 12 weeks.
A cohort study found COVID-19 to be associated with more severe disease outcomes compared to influenza and RSV during the 2022-2023 season. Vaccination attenuated these differences in severity and long-term mortality rates.
Researchers identified regional differences in how ICD codes were applied, with some codes being used interchangeably for different conditions. The study highlights the need to address variation in physician coding practices to ensure accurate comparisons and avoid false conclusions.
A USF study found that patients with pulmonary fibrosis who contracted severe COVID-19 experienced lung improvement. Researchers are exploring factors associated with this finding to develop new treatments, including applying knowledge gained from COVID-19 patients to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients. The study suggests a possibl...
Exposure to air pollution during the three months before pregnancy is associated with higher childhood obesity risk up to two years after birth. The study found that women with higher levels of PM2.5 and PM10 had children with a higher BMI and related obesity risk factors.
The American Thoracic Society is opening media registration for ATS 2025, taking place May 18-21 in San Francisco. Registered journalists will have access to emerging scientists and clinicians discussing medical breakthroughs and clinical innovation.
Preschool wheeze affects 30-40% of children under six, causing significant morbidity and healthcare costs. The UK has the second-highest prevalence in Europe, with inconsistent terminologies used by doctors contributing to diagnostic challenges.
A new study found that while lung cancer deaths decreased globally from 1990 to 2019, mortality linked to tobacco use and air pollution increased. Tobacco remains the leading cause of death, accounting for 66% of TBL cancer deaths in 2019, while particulate matter pollution is a growing concern.
Researchers document five cases of parvovirus B19-induced myocarditis in preschoolers from northern Greece, highlighting the virus's unique impact on endothelial cells. The study emphasizes the importance of quick diagnosis and treatment to reduce mortality and morbidity in children.
A study published in ERJ Open Research found that women are less likely to receive a lung transplant and wait an average of six weeks longer for one. Despite this, women who undergo transplantation have higher survival rates five years post-transplant.
Stephania Cormier and colleagues lead a Frontiers in Immunology research collaboration to explain RSV's complex interplay with host immune responses. The team identifies gaps in knowledge, hindering therapeutics and vaccines development.
A recent case series suggests that an extended course of Paxlovid may help some patients with long Covid experience sustained improvements in their symptoms. The study, published in Communications Medicine, found that five out of 13 patients experienced significant symptom relief after taking the antiviral drug for 15 days.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh developed a non-invasive nasal swab test that diagnoses specific asthma subtype, or endotype, in children. The test, published in JAMA, shows promise for improving asthma treatment outcomes and paving the way for better treatments for lesser-studied asthma types.
John Howington, MD, MBA, FCCP, is the new President of CHEST, succeeding Neil S. Freedman, who will be President-Elect in 2026. Dr. Howington has extensive leadership experience and has published over 49 research publications.
A USTC research team developed a non-invasive RF-based system for monitoring heart rate variability with clinical-grade accuracy over extended periods. The system successfully overcomes interference from respiratory motion and performs well in automatic classification of heartbeat abnormalities.
A University of Toronto study discovered a new communication pathway between the gut and lung, highlighting the role of a little-known protozoan in shaping immune responses. The study found that this microbe can worsen airway inflammation in allergic asthma but provide protection against respiratory infections.
Cases of whooping cough are increasing in the US, with over 28,000 cases reported this year. A nationally representative survey found that many people lack knowledge about the disease's symptoms and vaccine effectiveness.
A six-year study examining 38 clinical isolates of Cryptococcus found genes and gene alleles associated with disease severity. The research aims to develop new treatments targeting these genetic variations, predicting disease outcomes and improving patient care.
Researchers found that children with primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) are 22 times more likely to have asthma compared to those without PCD characteristics. The study suggests that some children diagnosed with asthma may have undiagnosed PCD, particularly if they exhibit unique respiratory symptoms.
Longidaza significantly reduced exertional desaturation and dyspnea, as well as improved distance walked during the six-minute walk test. The drug's effects on exercise tolerance were sustained for over 100 days after treatment.
Five Texas researchers have been honored with the 2025 Edith and Peter O'Donnell Awards for their innovative breakthroughs in small cell lung cancer, lithium-ion battery technology, and galaxy discovery. Lauren Averett Byers is being recognized for her work on novel therapeutic strategies for SCLC, while Caitlin M. Casey is exploring p...
The study analyzed the high burden of RSV-associated acute respiratory illness among young children in the U.S. and found nirsevimab to be effective against severe cases, highlighting the potential for substantial public health impact through increased prevention coverage.
The PoweRD 2 Cure ALK+ Lung Cancer TeamLab aims to identify and exploit vulnerabilities of leftover cancer cells to prevent recurrence. By combining new strategies, structures, and thinking from across disciplines, researchers hope to develop treatment strategies that leave no cancer cells alive.
Research reveals that people who use both vapes and cigarettes are less likely to quit smoking compared to those who only smoke or vape. Dual users tend to revert to only smoking cigarettes over time. The study suggests that taking up vaping while continuing to smoke will not help people stop smoking.
A major European survey found that seven out of ten homes are smoke-free, with countries like England and Ireland scoring high. In contrast, Greece and Romania have more than half of their homes allowing smoking. The researchers highlight the need for stronger tobacco control measures to protect children and adults from second-hand smoke.
Researchers found lower pulmonary gas exchange may be associated with impaired cognitive function in patients with long COVID. The study also showed a potential treatment strategy using methods that target improved gas exchange, suggesting a causative relationship between cognitive dysfunction and lung dysfunction.
The surgical team led by Stephanie H. Chang performed the groundbreaking procedure using da Vinci Xi robotic system at NYU Langone Transplant Institute. The successful transplant marks a significant milestone in lung transplantation surgery, offering hope to patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) like Cheryl Mehrkar.
A new study from the University of Copenhagen found that nicotinamide riboside can reduce lung inflammation in COPD patients, leading to a significant drop in inflammation markers and improved lung function. The treatment also showed signs of delaying cellular aging.