Articles tagged with Surgery
A new study has found that routinely changing surgical gloves and instruments is cost-effective and safer, reducing surgical site infections (SSIs) by 13% in seven low- and middle-income countries. The economic evaluation, funded by the UK's National Institute for Health and Care Research, compared the costs and SSIs associated with ro...
A new study suggests that including socioeconomic status in the calculation of Medicare readmission penalties would reduce penalty amounts for 38% of safety-net hospitals compared to 17% of non-safety net hospitals. This adjustment could help alleviate financial pressure on these hospitals, which often care for sicker patients with lim...
Researchers found that bariatric surgery led to improved cognition and overall well-being two years after the procedure. The study revealed changes in blood vessel efficiency and cortical thickness of the temporal cortex, offering new treatment options for patients with obesity and dementia.
A randomized clinical trial of 1,680 patients with acute ischemic stroke due to large-vessel occlusion found no significant improvement in disability with adjunctive methylprednisolone. The study suggests that methylprednisolone may not be effective as an adjunct therapy after endovascular thrombectomy for this patient population.
A machine learning study of 22,000 surgical cases found that models can inform individual prognosis and aid in decision-making to reduce ineffective spine care. The findings suggest that these models may improve outcomes for patients undergoing lumbar disc herniation surgery.
A team of researchers analyzed 61 symptomatic and 35 asymptomatic knees with discoid lateral meniscus surgery. They found that larger meniscus sizes were associated with increased knee pain and symptoms. The study's results have important implications for surgical treatment and preoperative imaging.
Rates of re-excision after initial breast-conserving surgery remain high across the US, leading to increased healthcare costs and a higher risk of postoperative complications. The study found that younger age and ductal carcinoma in situ are associated with a higher reoperation rate.
University of Melbourne researchers have received a $35 million grant to develop a world-first tissue engineered cornea to treat corneal blindness. The technology has the potential to provide corneal tissue to surgeons worldwide, including countries with limited eye banks.
A global study has identified evidence-based approaches to prevent breast cancer-related arm lymphoedema (BCRAL) by addressing risk factors and implementing surveillance programs. The research provides a clinical guide for healthcare teams worldwide to adopt a proactive approach in preventing this irreversible complication.
A large study of 432,000 cancer patients who underwent major surgery found an increased rate of venous thromboembolism associated with cancer surgery. The risk persisted for about two to four months postoperatively and varied between cancer types.
Researchers developed a risk calculator to predict individualized risk of right heart failure after left heart pump surgery, tailoring care to each patient. The STOP-RVF calculator uses machine learning and considers variables such as pre-existing health conditions, medications, and demographic information.
A new study found that nearly half of older adults who considered elective surgery were deterred by financial concerns and the need for paid time off. In contrast, those worried about post-operative pain were more likely to proceed with surgery.
UCLA surgeons and scientists present research on ethnic predictors of gastric cancer survival, early liver retransplantation and risk factors for chemical restraint use in adult trauma patients. The studies highlight the importance of understanding these factors to improve patient care.
A 10-year follow-up study of nearly 2,500 U.S. men who received prostate cancer treatment found that adverse effects of treatments on sexual function may be deemphasized in decision making for some men. The study suggests that active surveillance can be a beneficial option for patients with favorable-prognosis prostate cancer.
A new study found that Black patients were more likely to choose active surveillance, while those with a strong desire for a cure or expecting longer life with treatment were less likely. Education and urologist interventions can increase active surveillance adoption among low-risk prostate cancer patients.
Researchers found that counties with higher uninsured rates and reduced access to mental health services have higher opioid prescriptions. Conversely, better healthcare quality was associated with a greater drop in opioid prescriptions over time.
Researchers from MD Anderson Cancer Center reported a case of a patient with an exceptional response to pazopanib treatment for over 5 years. The study shows that pazopanib prevents or delays the progression of additional metastasis in EWSR1-NFATC2 positive sarcomas. Further studies are warranted.
A new study suggests that using artificial intelligence to scan surgery patients' medical records can identify those with risky drinking habits who may benefit from education or treatment. The AI system analyzed over 53,000 patient records and found three times more patients with high-risk alcohol use than diagnosis codes alone.
A study of nearly 15,000 adults with non–small cell lung cancer found that Medicaid expansion decreased postoperative mortality within 30 and 90 days after hospital discharge. This suggests that expanded Medicaid coverage may improve cancer outcomes and access to care for this population.
Researchers at UMCG have successfully performed liver transplants after prolonged preservation using a perfusion machine, showing similar outcomes to immediate transplants. The new method allows for safer and more efficient liver transplantation during the day, reducing complications and mortality rates.
No significant disparities in receipt of general anesthesia were found among laboring patients who had labor epidural catheters in situ across different racial and ethnic groups. The study suggests that prior care disparities may contribute to higher rates of general anesthesia among minority groups.
New research reveals that the age at which individuals are tested for VWD significantly affects their diagnosis, with older patients more likely to be misdiagnosed. The study also found that as people with VWD get older, they respond better to treatment, potentially reducing medication and side effects.
A large randomized study investigated the effect of preoperative, low-dose oral administration of midazolam in older patients on patient satisfaction and safety. No significant difference was found between midazolam and placebo groups regarding patient safety.
The AGA releases its first comprehensive evidence-based guideline for managing pouchitis, a complication of ulcerative colitis surgery. The guideline recommends treatment with antibiotics and multi-strain probiotics to prevent recurrent pouchitis.
A study of 4,819 women with benign breast disease found an increased risk of breast cancer compared to the general population. The study's findings suggest that pathologic classifications could improve breast cancer risk stratification.
A new study finds that analyzing surgical lymphatic fluid for HPV DNA can predict cancer recurrence and guide treatment decisions. The test was found to be more sensitive than traditional methods, detecting high-risk patients who may be missed by standard tools.
Post-surgery pain relief has shifted away from opioids since 2016, with a 36% drop in prescription rates and 46% decrease in average amount of opioids. However, the rate of decline slowed after 2020, suggesting ongoing efforts are needed to right-size prescribing.
Opioid prescribing rates from US surgeons decreased between 2016 and 2022, but rebounded after the COVID-19 pandemic. Larger prescription sizes were observed during the pandemic due to refills being difficult to obtain.
A randomized clinical trial found that tonsil and adenoid removal surgery improved sleep quality, reduced snoring, and behavioral problems in children with mild sleep apnea. However, the surgery did not impact neurodevelopmental functioning.
A novel mental health risk screen for hospitalized patients accurately predicts mental health outcomes, with 10 items correctly identifying 75% of those who later developed mental health issues. A tailored recovery program can also be effective in reducing mental health problems after trauma, increasing health equity among historically...
A new study found that simulated high altitude exposure can increase haemoglobin levels in older patients, potentially benefiting their physical health before surgery. The research suggests that 'altitude prehabilitation' could be a useful approach to improve fitness and reduce complications in patients at risk.
The EAGLE study found a 50% reduction in anastomotic leaks following colon surgery at over 300 global sites after surgeons received online education. This significant decrease was attributed to harmonised surgical techniques and team building.
A new study will compare two treatment regimens: one using non-opioid medication and another with a low-dose opioid to determine the safest and most effective way to treat pain in adolescents and young adults recovering from common outpatient surgeries. The CARES for Kids study aims to generate evidence-based information on this topic.
A new NIH grant will investigate how news media reports on community firearm violence affect survivors, communities, and policymakers. The research aims to develop evidence-based guidelines for safer reporting, inspired by successful approaches for other traumatic events.
The Whipple procedure has seen significant improvements in mortality rates thanks to high-volume centers like Johns Hopkins, led by Dr. John Cameron, who reduced in-hospital mortality to less than 5%. Closed-suction drainage developed by Dr. Cameron further enhanced the procedure's safety and effectiveness.
Researchers found that a higher ratio of quadriceps to hamstring muscle volume was significantly associated with lower odds of total knee replacement. Training programs that strengthen the quadriceps in relation to the hamstrings may be beneficial for preventing knee replacement surgery.
Researchers at Washington State University have created implantable metals that can kill 87% of bacteria causing staph infections in lab tests. The 3D-printed materials combine titanium with copper and tantalum, offering inherent antibacterial response and improved bone tissue integration.
A groundbreaking study published in JAMA found that excluding aspirin from the antithrombotic regimen for patients with a fully magnetically levitated left ventricular assist device (LVAD) resulted in a significant decrease in major nonsurgical bleeding events. This approach is safe and beneficial, challenging conventional practice and...
A study of 34,000 patients found that screening-detected colorectal cancer had a lower risk of recurrence. The risk of recurrence decreased over time, and risk-stratified surveillance protocols may be warranted for selected patient groups.
A UCLA study found that hospitals with high patient diversity are less likely to offer core cancer services, including hospice care, chemotherapy, and robotic surgery. The lack of these resources can impact treatment quality and outcomes for patients diagnosed with cancer.
Researchers at CSU and the University of St. Andrews created an effective antimicrobial material that slowly releases nitric oxide, killing bacteria and fungus over time.
Researchers at UTHealth Houston are studying the impact of circadian rhythm on heart attacks and cardiac surgery, with a focus on identifying novel therapies to protect the heart. They will investigate the role of key genes and signaling pathways in modulating daytime variations in cardiac injury.
A new study from researchers at Wake Forest University School of Medicine shows that frailty is associated with higher rates of death and major morbidity after surgery. The electronic frailty index (eFI) may help identify patients who are at risk, according to the findings.
Researchers describe the use of ripretinib and repeated surgical resection in a patient with recurrent GIST harboring a KIT exon 11 mutation. The treatment led to extended clinical benefit, outperforming current reported data from ripretinib clinical trials.
A new smartphone app using the APRI+ALBI score increases the safety of liver surgery by providing an individualized risk assessment for patients prior to resection. The score offers a cheaper and less invasive option with comparable predictive power compared to standard preoperative tests.
Researchers at Children's Hospital Los Angeles have developed a novel app called the CHALF score to predict if a child with acute liver failure needs a transplant. The tool assesses liver failure risk on a scale of 5-60 and has been shown to accurately predict patient outcomes.
A new AI-based tool estimates patient-specific cancer survival rates using machine learning, offering personalized prognosis for patients with breast, thyroid, and pancreatic cancers. The Cancer Survival Calculator differs from existing estimators by incorporating multiple factors beyond disease stage.
Childhood trauma rates surged during the pandemic, with injuries from motor vehicle crashes and gunshot wounds rising disproportionately in socioeconomically deprived areas. The study highlights worsened pandemic-related stressors exacerbating an already severe problem.
A new study presents evidence that school redistricting is linked to spikes in shooting-related injuries in urban areas, with a 14% increase in incidents during redistricting events. The study suggests that social destabilization caused by redistricting may contribute to the increased violence.
The American College of Surgeons (ACS) Clinical Congress 2023 offers media credentials to cover groundbreaking research, connect with surgeon experts, and learn about the latest trends in surgery. Key topics include artificial intelligence, COVID-19's impact on cancer care, and pediatric trauma.
A new study published in JNCCN found that intensive local-regional treatment to remove as much tumor as possible did not significantly impact overall quality of life for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. However, the treatment was associated with a higher risk of adverse events.
Researchers conducted a randomized trial in Canadian ICUs, finding that switching to small-volume blood collection tubes lowered red blood cell transfusion rates. The study suggests this change may improve patient outcomes and reduce the need for transfusions.
A new clinical trial has shown that infusing immune cells from living donors into recipients before transplantation may reduce the need for lifelong immunosuppressant medication. The treatment involves infusing donor-derived regulatory dendritic cells, which help the recipient's immune system distinguish between foreign and self-cells.
A new blood test called OvaPrint TM detects specific nucleic acids in the blood, distinguishing between cancerous and benign pelvic masses with high accuracy. The test has the potential to improve treatment outcomes by identifying the best surgical approach for patients with a pelvic mass.
Middle-aged Chinese surgery patients experience subjective cognitive impairment within 12 months after surgery, with identified risk factors. Preoperative psychological interventions and optimized perioperative management may help prevent postoperative cognitive impairment.
The study developed a highly accurate AI model for fully automated cancer detection, including small and difficult-to-detect tumors. The model could detect visually imperceptible cancer from normal-appearing pancreases substantially early before clinical diagnosis, with a median of 438 days.
A new study published in JAMA found that a consensus-based risk-stratification algorithm reduced unnecessary ovary removals in girls with benign masses from 16.1% to 8.4%. The algorithm accurately identified lesions highly likely to be benign, allowing for ovary-sparing surgery.
Men with metastatic prostate cancer in Sweden experienced an average survival rate increase of six months after dual treatment was introduced from 2016 onwards. This improvement coincides with the gradual rollout of 'dual treatment', combining standard hormone therapy and chemotherapy or androgen receptor blockers.
Leading professional organizations announce first-time multidisciplinary consensus guidelines for essential and comprehensive care centers in the US. The guidelines aim to address known variation in outcomes at different centers, providing structure, process, and outcome components necessary for quality care.
A study by UC San Francisco researchers found that patients with acute kidney injury on outpatient dialysis may not need lifelong treatment if they have the potential to recover. The study tracked data from over 1,700 patients and showed that approximately three-quarters of those who recovered kidney function discontinued dialysis with...