Articles tagged with Pharmacogenetics
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A UBC Okanagan study found that microdosing psychedelics temporarily improves mood, creativity, and wellbeing, but these effects do not persist on non-dosing days. The study, tracking over 1,435 participants from 49 countries, suggests that microdosing may 'reactivate' or build upon prior effects of larger-dose psychedelic experiences.
The UK has published a new clinical guideline recommending pharmacogenetic testing for all patients prescribed clopidogrel to determine their individual genetic response to the medication. This is due to variations in the CYP2C19 enzyme, which affects how clopidogrel works in different people.
Astrocytic glutamine synthetase plays a key role in regulating glutamate signaling, contributing to nicotine-induced brain changes and locomotor sensitization. A custom-designed peptide inhibits this process, demonstrating the importance of astrocyte communication in nicotine addiction.
Patients with access to GeneSight results for depression treatment showed faster initial remission and response. The post-hoc analysis also found persistent benefit over six months, without evidence of changing over time.
Researchers developed TAMENDOX to supplement (Z)-endoxifen in patients with CYP2D6 enzyme deficiency, improving drug concentration and effectiveness. The new therapy was well-tolerated, showing promise as an alternative to aromatase inhibitors for premenopausal women.
Researchers at UCSF have discovered a novel combination of immunotherapies that can reprogram the immune environment of colon cancer tumors in the liver. This therapy often eliminated tumors entirely in preclinical models, showing promise for treating patients with advanced colorectal cancer.
A renowned geneticist, Dr. Martin Alda, has made a groundbreaking discovery that bipolar disorder is composed of multiple genetically distinct disorders, transforming treatment approaches worldwide. His research also highlights the importance of combining basic research with clinical observations to advance psychiatric care.
Researchers found that methotrexate significantly lowers systolic blood pressure in people with rheumatoid arthritis. The study suggests that this could be a new benefit of the drug beyond its usual role in treating inflammation, and may also provide protection against heart disease.
Dr. Mirko Manchia's groundbreaking research identifies genetic markers predicting treatment response in bipolar patients, enabling precision medicine approaches to transform psychiatric care. He envisions a future where genetic testing becomes routine in psychiatric care.
Researchers have identified a gene signature indicative of hepatic ferroptosis using an iron overload-induced mouse model and validated it in human liver injury systems. The study highlights the role of ferroptosis in liver injuries and offers potential therapeutic targets.
A new gene therapy delivery device called NANOSPRESSO could revolutionize how hospitals treat rare diseases by allowing them to create personalized nanomedicines in-house. This democratized approach to precision medicine could boost access to low-cost bespoke gene and RNA therapies, especially in low-resource settings.
A new approach enables hospital pharmacists to rapidly create bespoke medicine cartridges for rare disease patients, boosting access to personalized treatment. The NANOSPRESSO platform could open up treatments for underfunded and underserved rare conditions worldwide.
Research synthesizes evidence from dozens of studies on polygenic scores and their clinical implications, revealing consistent patterns that could contribute to personalized psychiatric care. Higher genetic risk for depression correlates with poorer treatment outcomes, including nonresponse to antidepressants and mood stabilizers.
The Princess Máxima Center has implemented whole genome sequencing as the standard of care for children with cancer, enabling precise diagnosis and tailored treatment. This comprehensive approach also provides valuable data for developing new treatments and researching childhood cancer development.
Researchers from Florida Atlantic University's Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine aim to reduce falls and adverse drug events among older adults by using personalized approach tailored to individual genetic profiles.
Researchers at University of Utah reveal the untold story of Black prisoners who participated in malaria experiments, leading to breakthroughs in pharmacogenetics and prevention of adverse drug reactions. The study highlights the importance of acknowledging the contributions of marginalized groups in medical research.
The Ochsner Health system implements pharmacogenomics to fine-tune treatments based on individual genetic profiles, transforming patient care through personalized medicine. Pharmacists play a pivotal role in spearheading these innovations, overcoming barriers and maximizing impact.
Researchers found that an inexpensive HIV drug can improve vision in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) more effectively and at a lower cost than existing treatments. The drug, lamivudine, is taken orally and may represent a game-changing option for millions of patients worldwide.
The NHS PROGRESS study integrates pharmacogenomic guided prescribing into routine clinical practice, providing actionable guidance to clinicians. The study found that over 95% of patients received a pharmacogenomic result related to their medication, with nearly one in four prescriptions adjusted to safer or more effective treatments.
The Center for Research Innovation in Biotechnology (CRIB) has developed a comprehensive database of active pharmaceutical ingredients with evidence of clinical testing. The database provides valuable information on drug discovery and development, including pricing, sponsors, and intended clinical applications.
A recent study published in Current Neuropharmacology suggests a potential link between Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP1) receptor agonists and depression, particularly in individuals with low dopamine function. The authors urge caution and recommend genetic testing to identify individuals at risk before prescribing these medications.
A study found that genetic variants in three genes (CYP2C19, CYP2D6, SLCO1B1) can lead to adverse reactions in up to 75% of cases. This could allow for personalized prescribing and reduce ADRs by three quarters.
A novel study found that the TPMT∗8 allele is associated with reduced metabolism of thiopurine drugs, which can lead to toxicity. The research emphasizes the importance of understanding the function of TPMT∗8 to ensure effective pharmacogenomic testing across all ancestries.
A systematic review of pharmacogenomics clinical decision support systems found that e-health tools can help integrate personalized medicine into everyday clinical practice. However, current implementation is limited, particularly in non-US healthcare systems.
Scientists at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital identified age-related differences in B-ALL treatment outcomes, with children being more sensitive to certain drugs. The study suggests that both age and individual genomics must be considered to predict treatment response, leading to the need for tailored treatment strategies.
The Association for Molecular Pathology has published consensus guidelines for clinical DPYD genotyping assays to improve patient care and standardize testing. The recommendations include a tiered system of variants with well-characterized effects on protein function, gene expression, and minor allele frequency.
Pharmacogenomics (PGx) testing can predict how patients will respond to systemic therapies, enabling personalized treatment plans and optimizing medication dosages. A specific gene variant, HSD3B1, has been linked to castration-resistant prostate cancer progression.
Researchers developed a novel light-sensitive drug that enhances extracellular adenosine activity, inducing sleep artificially without genetic modification. The drug overcomes issues with conventional photosensitive drugs, showcasing optochemistry's potential in targeting A2A receptors and regulating brain function.
A large-scale study has identified over 2,000 genetic signals associated with blood pressure, providing a more detailed understanding of the complex trait. The findings lead to improved polygenic risk scores, which can predict blood pressure and hypertension risk.
A study of 104 patients found that 83.5% had divergent phenotypes, with a significant increase in CYP2D6 poor metabolizers due to phenoconversion. The results highlight the importance of pharmacogenetic testing and personalized treatment approaches in psychiatric care.
A new study suggests that genetic testing for depression could lead to significant cost savings and improved patient outcomes. The test, known as pharmacogenomic testing, can help match patients with medications that are more likely to be effective and cause fewer side effects.
A team of Chinese and UK researchers has identified superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) as a potential target for reversing drug resistance in ovarian cancer. By using nanoparticles to deliver siRNA that reduces SOD1 levels, the study showed reduced growth and decreased resistance to cisplatin in female mice.
A genetic study of 44,396 British people of Bangladeshi and Pakistani ancestry found that 57% have a genetic variant that renders clopidogrel ineffective in preventing recurrent heart attacks. People with two loss of function variants were more than three times more likely to experience recurrent heart attacks due to treatment failure.
The Association for Molecular Pathology has published clinical CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 genotyping assay recommendations to standardize testing across laboratories. The guidelines aim to improve patient care by providing guidance on allele selection, assay validation, and therapeutic recommendations.
A powerful new stem cell technique has enabled large-scale studies of the relationship between human genetics and biology, accelerating research and potential personalized treatments.
Scientists have developed a new method to deliver genetic information to stem cells using nanoparticles coated with a specific polymer, enabling more efficient control over cellular differentiation. This innovation has the potential to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of regenerative medicine treatments.
A new study found that tailoring medication doses to a patient's DNA leads to a 30% reduction in serious side effects. The 'DNA medication pass' allows doctors and pharmacists to adjust prescriptions based on a patient's genetic profile, resulting in improved effectiveness and safety.
A comprehensive study of childhood leukemia's genetic diversity provides insights into personalized therapy. Researchers identified distinct groups based on drug sensitivity profiles, which significantly impact prognosis.
Researchers investigate how lung cancers evade the immune system to develop more effective immunotherapy treatments. The study aims to uncover a new way lung cancers disguise themselves from the immune system, potentially leading to improved treatment outcomes.
A retrospective cohort study of 1,404 subjects with type 2 diabetes found that metformin use reduced the risk of delirium by 50% and decreased 3-year mortality rates. The study suggests that metformin may be a potential benefit for patients with diabetes, particularly in reducing age-related disorders such as dementia.
Researchers found that mTOR inhibition is crucial for p53-mediated tumor suppression, delaying cancer and increasing lifespan. In the absence of mTOR inhibition, cancer-promoting senescent cells drive tumor growth.
The Association for Molecular Pathology has published consensus recommendations for clinical TPMT and NUDT15 genotyping assays, promoting standardization across laboratories. The report identifies a minimum set of alleles to include in clinical tests, enabling healthcare professionals to provide high-quality patient care.
A study found that pharmacogenomic testing can help providers avoid prescribing antidepressants with undesirable outcomes. The test, which analyzes genes related to drug metabolism, resulted in a significant improvement in depression symptoms compared to usual care.
Researchers developed a deep learning-based model to predict drug-drug interactions using gene expression data. The DeSIDE-DDI model can identify potentially dangerous pairs and act as a drug safety monitoring system, helping establish the correct usage of drugs in the development phase.
A recent study published in Translational Psychiatry found that pharmacogenetic testing significantly improved symptoms in patients with treatment-resistant depression. The study involved 276 patients and showed a nearly two-fold increase in remission rates compared to treatment as usual.
A report by the British Pharmacological Society and Royal College of Physicians recommends integrating pharmacogenomic testing to ensure medicines work safely and effectively for individual patients. The UK is a world leader in genomic medicine, and expanded testing would further demonstrate this leadership.
A new study from Mayo Clinic and Baylor College of Medicine found that targeted genomic information can significantly impact drug prescribing practices. By applying drug-gene testing, clinicians can identify nearly every patient as a potential candidate for preemptive testing, particularly for drugs with unknown genetic influences.
Mayo Clinic researchers used AI to predict antidepressant outcomes in children and adolescents with major depressive disorder. They identified six depressive symptoms and assessed them using the Children's Depression Rating Scale-Revised to predict treatment outcomes.
A comprehensive genetic study found actionable pharmacogenomic variation affecting drugs in the Qatari population, highlighting diverse distribution of variants compared to other world populations. The study suggests potential implications for preemptive pharmacogenomic implementation in Qatar and beyond.
A randomized controlled trial of combinatorial pharmacogenetics testing found no significant improvement in depressive symptoms among adolescents with depression. However, the study suggests that testing results may influence physician decision-making and could be useful in specific cases where individual gene-drug pairs impact clinica...
Researchers discover novel compound AD732 with anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties, outperforming standard NSAIDs while causing minimal harm. The compound may be a safer alternative for treating pain and inflammation in difficult diseases like ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.
A new study from Aarhus University found that over 80% of participants have more than three genetic variants affecting medicinal product metabolism, increasing the risk of reduced effect or side effects. Genetic tests can provide personalized treatment plans by analyzing multiple genes and variants.
The Association for Molecular Pathology (AMP) has published consensus recommendations for clinical CYP2D6 genotype testing, aiming to standardize testing across laboratories and improve patient care. A minimum set of variants is recommended for inclusion in all future clinical assays.
A new study from the University of East Anglia suggests that genetic testing before prescribing common medicines could benefit four million UK patients annually, leading to better patient outcomes and reduced hospital visits. The testing process is simple and cost-effective, making it a promising technology for the NHS.
A randomized controlled trial found that patients who received genetic test results about statin side effects did not have worse outcomes after one year. The study's results provide reassurance that pharmacogenetic testing can be used to maximize benefits while minimizing harm.
Researchers from the University of Minnesota College of Pharmacy have found that genetic markers may improve COVID-19 treatment efficacy and safety. The study identified actionable genetic markers with promise to enhance therapy outcomes.
A study by University of Alabama at Birmingham researcher Nita Limdi and colleagues found that patients with loss-of-function variants who were treated with clopidogrel had elevated risks of heart attacks and death. In contrast, prasugrel or ticagrelor proved to be more effective and cost-effective alternatives for genotype-guided anti...
The Association for Molecular Pathology (AMP) has released consensus recommendations to aid in the design, validation and interpretation of clinical genotyping tests for predicting warfarin response. The guidelines define a minimum set of pharmacogenetic alleles for inclusion in clinical warfarin sensitivity genotyping tests.
The Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium has published the first-ever clinical practice guideline for using CYP2D6 genotype to guide tamoxifen therapy in women with early-stage estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. The guidelines recommend alternative hormonal therapies based on CYP2D6 genotype, aiming to improve tre...
Experts have established a common vocabulary in pharmacogenetics to advance precision medicine. The standardized terms will help guide clinicians, laboratory staff, and patients in interpreting clinical pharmacogenetic test results. The goal is to improve medication safety and effectiveness by individualizing patient care.