Articles tagged with Inflammatory Response
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A cancer drug, idronoxil, has been shown to reduce inflammation caused by COVID-19, according to research published in Nature Communications. The study found that idronoxil can target specific inflammatory pathways, limiting the damage without increasing viral replication.
Researchers at EMBL Grenoble have obtained the first structure of p38α being activated by MKK6, opening up new directions for developing drugs to stop cytokine storms. The inflammatory response is triggered by a series of kinases, and inactivating p38α could prevent inflammation from occurring.
Researchers found that modulating type 1 Interferon (IFN-I) signaling reduces SARS-CoV-2 replication and inflammation in rhesus macaques, offering new treatment strategies for COVID-19. The study also showed a significant reduction in viral loads with IFNmod treatment.
Researchers identified a specific type of CD8 T cell that characterizes inflammatory arthritis induced by ICI therapies. A unique population of CD8 T cells was found to promote joint inflammation and persist in the bloodstream, explaining why ICI-arthritis continues after therapy is discontinued.
A multidisciplinary team of scientists has revealed the existence of a brain circuit involved in sensing and regulating inflammation. The circuit detects inflammatory hormones in the blood and organizes the immune response through the vagal complex and parabrachial nucleus.
A groundbreaking study has uncovered potential treatments for inflammatory disorders by targeting specific receptors involved in the immune response. Researchers created mimetic peptides that successfully reduced inflammation in human immune cells and provided significant protection against toxic shock in mice.
Researchers at University of Bristol found that Long Covid is not caused by an immune inflammatory reaction to COVID-19. Instead, persistent immune activation and inflammation may persist for months after COVID-19, correlating with severe disease. The study suggests a new direction for understanding and potentially treating this debili...
Researchers found that obese patients with mild traumatic brain injuries had higher levels of inflammatory biomarkers and prolonged symptoms compared to those with healthy body mass indexes. The study suggests that obesity may mediate the inflammatory response and symptoms in mTBI patients.
Researchers at University Hospital Bonn have developed a new approach to predict therapy response in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma by incorporating two simple blood parameters, CRP and albumin. This method improves the prediction of treatment response, especially in patients with disease control in the first follow-up.
A new study reveals that neurons expressing steroidogenic factor 1 (SF1) influence inflammation in white and brown adipose tissue. SF1 neurons help suppress inflammatory responses in inguinal WAT, but not in epididymal WAT, and activate thermogenic activity in BAT.
A study published in PLOS Biology found that the CARD8 inflammasome sensor is essential for detecting coronavirus infections, but may detect different viruses in different people. The researchers also discovered that genetic variation among humans and across species affects the sensor's ability to detect viral enzymes.
A new study reveals a previously unknown way the immune system detects certain viruses, including SARS-Cov-2, using the inflammasome protein CARD8. Researchers found that CARD8 functions differently among various species and even varies between individuals in the human population.
A groundbreaking study has shown that a devastating heart condition can spontaneously reverse in three men, who are now free of symptoms. The condition, transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis, is progressive and previously considered irreversible.
Researchers found specific HLA molecules linked to MPO-AAV susceptibility and increased risk of relapse, potentially leading to precision medicine solutions for treatment. Biomarkers may be developed to predict relapse risk, improving patient outcomes.
Pharmaceutical scientists from the National University of Singapore have developed multi-functional synthetic peptide nanonets for relieving inflammation caused by bacterial infection. These nanonets trap bacterial endotoxins and pro-inflammatory cytokines, achieving anti-inflammatory activity through selective binding.
A study published in Stroke identified two proteins, R-spondin 3 (RSPO3) and LGR4, that trigger a signaling pathway to reduce inflammation and promote neurite outgrowth in the ischemic brain. This discovery provides new hope for patients with ischemic stroke by targeting RSPO3/LGR4 signaling.
A new immunotherapy treatment developed by UCF researchers uses targeted IL-2 to fight respiratory viral infections with improved outcomes in animal studies. The treatment promotes an antiviral inflammatory response and reduces bronchial inflammation.
A study published in Cell Reports Medicine found that pro-inflammatory cell types dominate the intestinal mucosa of children with inflammatory bowel disease, while protective cells are underrepresented. The results provide new insights into the immunology of IBD and may lead to the development of more effective treatments.
Researchers at Monash University have discovered a key mechanism to control the inflammatory response to infection. The study found that the termination of STING responses is mediated via ESCRT-dependent degradation.
Researchers found that p21 knockout mice experienced reduced senescent cell presence, alleviated chronic lung inflammation, and improved fitness. Resident epithelial and endothelial cells played a significant role in mediating the p21-dependent inflammatory response.
Researchers are investigating whether faecal microbiota transplantation can modulate the immune reaction and alter gut microbiota in early-stage ALS patients. The trial aims to investigate the relationship between specific gut bacteria and their action on immune system cells.
Human macrophages use Siglec-14 receptors to recognize and engulf carbon nanotubes, leading to inflammation. The discovery could pave the way for developing safer carbon nanotubes and therapies to prevent inflammatory diseases.
Researchers at the University of Chicago have found that adding small molecules called immunomodulators to vaccine adjuvants can regulate the body's response to vaccines, reducing negative side effects. The study increased antibody response in flu vaccine models and reduced inflammation in typhoid vaccine models.
A recent study found that heavy alcohol use changes signaling pathways in the brain, affecting cognitive functions like decision-making and impulse control. The mechanism involves the brain's immune system and the molecule interleukin 1β, which regulates inflammation and neurotransmitter release.
Researchers found that dexamethasone prevents cytokine storms in severe COVID-19 patients by inhibiting ion channels and reducing immune cell inflammation. This led to improved lung function and reduced mortality rates. The study's findings provide new insights into the mechanisms of steroid treatment in severe COVID-19.
Research suggests that early life stress may increase pro-inflammatory processes during pregnancy, which can have long-term effects on maternal and child health. The study found that mothers who experienced higher levels of early life stress had increased pro-inflammatory factors but decreased immune cell development.
Research suggests that an underactive immune response may explain the link between obesity and severe COVID-19. Obese patients with COVID-19 have been found to have blunted inflammatory responses, producing suboptimal levels of molecules needed to fight the infection.
Researchers discovered that targeting two inflammatory regulators simultaneously can boost T cell expansion and increase antitumor immune activity in models. The findings showed at least 10 times greater T cell expansion when both regulators were knocked out, resulting in improved durability.
A study found that malaria parasites invest more in sexual reproduction and less in asexual replication during low-transmission environments. Low LPC levels in human blood plasma are associated with increased gametocyte production and transmission.
Researchers discovered that lipid deposition on medical implant surfaces can signal to the immune system whether to attack or ignore the implant. This knowledge could help develop biomaterials that deflect host immune aggression, reducing malfunction rates for devices like pacemakers and surgical mesh.
A Tohoku University study found that soft gingiva is more likely to cause inflammation, hindering the development of collagen fibers. This discovery has implications for the development of advanced biomaterials and microdevices to control local inflammation.
A new study has discovered a connection between a mitochondrial metabolite and the activation of an inflammatory response. Fumarate, produced in the mitochondrion, triggers mitochondrial damage that releases genetic material into small vesicles, leading to inflammation.
A new UC Davis study has identified 194 significantly different genes in the brains of people with autism, with many linked to brain connectivity, immune response, and inflammation. The research also found age-dependent differences in genes related to synaptic function and cell loss.
Researchers have found that brexanolone works by inhibiting systemic inflammatory pathways associated with depression. The study suggests that inflammation may contribute to the development of post-partum depression.
Researchers at the University of Virginia Health System have identified a vital contributor to hyperactive immune responses and neuroinflammation in multiple sclerosis. Blocking this regulator alleviated harmful inflammation in lab mice, suggesting a potential therapeutic target for new treatments.
Researchers have developed a novel prognostic index to predict survival outcomes in gastric cancer patients. The inflammation-combined prognostic index (ICPI) combines three biomarkers - lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio - to provide a personalized prognosis for each patient.
Researchers identified two Blastocystis strains, ST4 and ST7, with contrasting effects on the gut microbiome, promoting or disrupting a healthy balance. The study's findings suggest that geographical prevalence may influence the strain's impact on intestinal disease.
Researchers at Saint Louis University found that COVID-19 vaccination does not interfere with cancer immunotherapy in previously vaccinated patients. The study supports recommending vaccination to patients with cancer, including those receiving systemic therapies.
A new study published in The Journal of Nuclear Medicine found that e-cigarette users have greater lung inflammation than cigarette smokers and non-smokers. The study used PET imaging to compare lung inflammation between e-cigarette users and cigarette smokers, revealing a unique inflammatory response in the lungs.
Researchers developed bioprinted artificial skin that mimics human skin, reducing animal testing in cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries. The model achieved similar results as traditionally produced models, passing international validation tests, including barrier function and irritant response assessment.
Regulatory T cells suppress self-reactive T cells by controlling protein synthesis, maintaining immune tolerance and preventing autoimmunity. A small molecule inhibitor called RocA also shows promise in mitigating inflammatory responses.
A study by researchers from the University of Tsukuba found that ELOVL6 deficiency increases ceramide levels, leading to enhanced airway inflammation and reduced treatment efficacy in patients with severe asthma. Modulating lipid composition may provide a novel approach for treating resistant asthma.
Researchers analyzed how immunological memory gets generated and maintained to understand its role in cancer and inflammatory diseases. They found that increased inflammation can actually reduce immunological memory, highlighting the need for regulation.
A new study by researchers at Florida Atlantic University explored the effects of resistance training on older adults' cellular level. The study found that resistance training did not significantly affect inflammatory proteins or redox balance markers, but showed a significant reduction in a specific protein ratio. This may support the...
A new study by Osaka University researchers demonstrates that the endothelial cell-specific protein Robo4 plays a crucial role in reducing mortality in severe infection. By upregulating Robo4 expression, a drug treatment can decrease vascular permeability and increase survival rates.
Researchers found women's immune responses to herpes simplex virus (HSV) vaccine are stronger, while those with prior exposure have different type I IFN signatures. This interaction may affect vaccine effectiveness.
Researchers identified a new type of flagellin in the human gut that binds to Toll-like receptor 5 without inducing an inflammatory response. This discovery provides a mechanism for the immune system to tolerate beneficial microbes while remaining responsive to pathogens.
Collagen deposition at injured sites in the gut stimulates cellular reprogramming, converting mature cells into fetal-like cells to generate new tissue. This process has implications for understanding intestinal inflammation and potentially colorectal carcinogenesis.
A multicenter study found that COVID-19 vaccination following multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) is safe, with mild reactions and no serious complications. The study included 385 patients aged 5 years or older, all of whom received at least one vaccine dose without any reports of myocarditis or MIS-C reoccurrence.
Researchers found genetic mutations to OAS and RNase L proteins increase inflammatory response in immune cells, leading to MIS-C. This understanding may provide clues to chronic inflammation diseases like Kawasaki disease.
Researchers at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center discovered that common cancer treatments cause long-term damage to heart tissue by activating a key inflammatory signaling pathway. Inhibiting this pathway may reduce the risk of cancer survivors developing heart disease later in life.
Scientists from Trinity College Dublin discovered that Interleukin-37 activates the immune system, contrary to earlier theories. This finding has significant implications for understanding and treating autoimmune disorders and inflammation.
Females with more subcutaneous fat are protected against brain inflammation, a risk factor for dementia and stroke. Removing subcutaneous fat increases brain inflammation in females, even on low-fat diets.
A new study finds that discrimination influences the central and enteric nervous systems, altering the bidirectional signaling between the brain and gut microbiome. This leads to changes in systemic inflammation, emotional arousal, and psychological symptoms across different racial and ethnic groups.
Researchers discover how E. coli bacteria manipulate the immune system to cause ileocolitis in susceptible individuals. The study reveals the key role of agr2-associated ER stress in promoting dysbiosis and triggering CD103+ dendritic cell IL-23-dependent inflammation.
Researchers analyzed a child's genetic data to identify novel mutations in the GTF3A gene, which impair the innate immune response. The study found that these mutations make cells more susceptible to HSV-1 infection and loss of antiviral immune response.
Researchers identified specific immune cells driving deadly heart inflammation in cancer immunotherapy patients, and found that CD8 T cells target the heart muscle. The study's findings have led to investigations into preventing or treating this form of myocarditis, a common but fatal side effect of ICIs.
A new potential biomarker for severe COVID-19 has been identified by researchers at Karolinska Institutet in Sweden. Elevated levels of the cytokine IL-26 are linked to increased inflammation and tissue damage in patients with acute COVID-19.
A multi-campus research team has created a novel device that can non-invasively measure cervical nerve activity in humans, with potential applications for personalized treatments of sepsis and mental health conditions like PTSD. The device features a flexible array of electrodes that capture electrical activity across different nerves.
Researchers found that excessive iron accumulation accelerates tumor growth in F. nucleatum-positive colorectal cancer by enhancing inflammatory responses in immune cells, promoting interpatient prognostic variability. Iron levels also modulate macrophage expression profiles, transforming them into pro-tumor cells expressing CCL8.