Articles tagged with Skin Pigmentation
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A new study finds that human tyrosinase plays a central role in metabolizing hydroquinone into reactive intermediates causing dermal pigmentation. The research shows that these compounds accumulate differently depending on molecular size and bind to dermal proteins, forming ochronotic pigments.
A major albinism gene's exon skipping levels control human skin and hair color diversity. Researchers found that OCA2 exon 10 skipping contributes to hypopigmentation, shedding light on the genetic basis of human pigmentation.
Researchers suggest that phototherapy for newborn jaundice may require adjustments based on a baby's skin tone. The study found that darker-skinned infants may receive up to 5.7 times less effective light dose under identical settings, leading to predicted bilirubin reductions of about 40.8 percent compared to lighter-skinned infants.
Researchers investigated the impact of skin pigmentation on pulse oximeter accuracy, finding that darker skin reduces red light absorption and affects oxygen level detection. This study provides experimental evidence for improving pulse oximeter accuracy across all skin tones.
A UNIGE team has identified a single gene, CLCN2, that determines the corn snake's diverse skin pattern diversity. The study found that variations in this gene lead to distinct coloration patterns, including red blotches and stripes.
A study found that pulse oximeter readings underestimated blood oxygen levels in patients with dark skin pigment, but also showed a positive bias in 20% of observations. The results suggest that future devices could be designed to indicate uncertainty and improve accuracy across different skin pigmentation categories
Researchers have developed a blue cosmetic color additive that gives foundations the warmth and depth they currently lack, resulting in improved shades for darker skin tones. The new formulation uses ultramarine blue to reduce gray cast and create warmer hues.
A new clinical study by the BfR found that tattoo ink contains smaller amounts of liquid components than previously thought. The researchers were able to detect metabolites in blood samples shortly after tattooing began and showed that metabolism functions differently when substances are taken up through the skin.
A natural compound derived from gut-friendly bacteria significantly slows vitiligo progression and may restore pigmentation in mice. The findings could offer hope to millions affected by the autoimmune disease, which causes visible patches of skin discoloration and carries profound emotional and physical consequences.
The BiliSG app uses machine learning to analyze skin color and predict bilirubin levels in newborns, offering a convenient alternative to traditional testing methods. With 100% sensitivity, the app has shown promising results in monitoring neonatal jaundice and reducing the risk of brain damage.
A recent study explores blue light's effects on skin, including pigmentation, barrier damage, and photoaging. The research identifies key mechanisms and recommends a multifaceted approach to BL protection with physical sunscreens, bioprotective ingredients, antioxidants, and anti-photoaging components.
Researchers propose utilizing human 3D skin models to assess drug binding properties across different skin types. Genetic variations among minority groups can lead to starkly different drug responses across races and ethnicities.
Researchers from Osaka Metropolitan University have discovered that disruptions in the basement membrane zone between the epidermis and dermis could make it harder for pigment-producing cells to adhere. An enzyme called matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) may be overexpressed, leading to disturbance of the basement membrane.
The study reveals that the electric blue spots of the bluespotted ribbontail ray are produced by unique skin cells with a stable 3D arrangement of nanoscale spheres containing reflecting nanocrystals. The team believes this colouration provides camouflage benefits to the stingrays, allowing them to blend with their surroundings.
A new Northwestern Medicine study reveals that 73% of children with skin diseases face stigma and bullying, leading to impaired relationships and mental health issues such as depression and anxiety. The study suggests that clinicians should aggressively treat skin disorders in children and consider referral to evaluation and counseling.
Researchers developed an index to optimize picosecond laser treatment for skin blemishes, showing low complication rates and high efficacy. The wavelength-dependent indicators are expected to improve the safety and effectiveness of the treatment.
A recent study by Binghamton University researchers found that 90% of commercial tattoo inks in the US market contain major discrepancies between their actual and labeled contents. The study analyzed 54 inks from nine manufacturers and discovered unlisted polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, and other contaminants.
A new study reveals key insights into the molecular basis of skin color variations among African populations, providing a better understanding of human evolution and local adaptation. The research identifies crucial regulatory variants near MITF, LEF1, and TRPS1 that contribute to skin color adaptation in the San population.
A team led by WPI researcher Ulkuhan Guler has received NIH funding to develop a wearable sensor for premature infants that can mitigate skin-color bias in oxygen level measurements. The four-year project aims to create a convenient and affordable sensor that will enable infants at risk of lung disease to leave hospitals sooner.
Scientists developed a synthetic melanin that accelerates wound healing and protects against sun damage. The cream also quiets the immune system, allowing for continuous repair and reducing inflammation.
Researchers have confirmed that genes associated with East Asian and Native American ancestry explain lighter skin in people of these descent, rather than European genes. This discovery has broad implications for genetic research and the prevention of melanoma, particularly in Europeans.
A study by Medical University of Vienna found that AI algorithms in smartphone applications perform well in diagnosing pigmented skin lesions, but are outperformed by doctors in treatment decisions. The 7-class algorithm showed equivalent diagnostic accuracy to experts, while the ISIC algorithm performed worse.
A recent study has found that non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is causing a greater number of global deaths than melanoma. NMSC accounted for 78% of all skin cancer cases in 2020, resulting in over 63,700 deaths. The study highlights the need to implement effective strategies to reduce fatalities associated with all kinds of skin cancers.
University of Oklahoma faculty members Vivek Bajpai, John R. Clegg, and Stefan Wilhelm have received NIH funding to study epigenetic mechanisms driving human pigmentation diversity and brain-resident immune cell phenotypes in brain damage associated with inflammatory disease.
The study reveals the ability of organisms to achieve distinct body color patterns through precise control of pigment deposition. Gregarious locusts use their black-brown warning coloration to enhance aposematism by stimulating both visual and olfactory senses, facilitating recognition of conspecifics and maintaining large swarms.
Hogfish use their skin to view themselves and fine-tune color changes, a sensory feedback mechanism that lets them monitor their surroundings. Researchers have found light-sensitive opsin proteins in the skin, allowing them to capture changes in light that are filtered through pigment-filled cells.
A study published in Science has identified 135 previously unknown genes associated with pigmentation, shedding light on the regulation of melanin production in humans. The research could help protect lighter-skinned individuals from skin cancer and develop new treatments for vitiligo and other pigmentation diseases.
The Estee Lauder Companies' New Incubation Ventures has launched a breakthrough prize for innovative active ingredient companies, R&D labs and scientists pushing the boundaries of Indian consumers. The prize program aims to discover and support the next generation of Indian beauty brands.
A new study found that 21.3% of respondents used skin lightening agents, often for conditions like acne or hyperpigmentation, but most users were unaware of potential toxic ingredients and risks. The study highlights the need for cultural mindfulness in dermatology care to ensure safe and effective treatment across all communities.
Cuttlefish use a highly flexible and dynamic system to change color and texture, with the ability to display a rich variety of skin patterns and adapt to both natural and artificial backgrounds. The study found that cuttlefish continuously receive feedback about their skin pattern and adjust it in real-time.
New research suggests neural crest cells retain adaptability even after differentiation, enabling them to 'change their mind' and differentiate anew. This hyper-flexibility has significant implications for regenerative medicine, as these cells have immense potential as treatments to replace and repair damaged body tissue.
Researchers found that increasing melanin levels in human skin reduces Cherenkov emission intensity, while blood concentration affects different color channels. The study suggests using multispectral signatures to correct attenuated signals based on patient's blood volume or skin color.
Researchers at McGill University have identified a crucial gene (tfec) controlling reptile pigmentation and specifically the classic piebald trait. By combining whole-genome sequencing, gene-editing, and electron microscopy, they found that this mutation affects color-producing cells in reptiles.
A new study with the GCAT cohort analyzes pigmentary traits and their relationship with diseases, revealing 37 risk loci associated with most pigmentary traits. The research identified a link between darker phototype and vitiligo and cataracts, as well as obesity and hypertension.
Sensory neurons in human skin have been found to regulate melanocytes, influencing pigmentation and cell survival. The study identified a protein called RGMB as a key factor promoting melanocyte survival and darkness.
New research found that 62% of tinted sunscreens have only one shade option, with tone compatibility being the most important criterion. The study suggests that the beauty industry and dermatologic field need to improve diversity and offer more options for tinted sunscreen formulations tailored to people with skin of color.
Researchers at Kyoto University have identified a genetic mutation causing albinism in wallabies, tracing it to an inserted retrovirus gene. The study found that the mutation was caused by a copy of the HIV-like virus inserted into the host's genome.
A study published in European Respiratory Journal found pulse oximeters give false readings of up to 7% higher in patients with Mixed, Black, and Asian ethnicities compared to White patients. This can delay timely treatment for Covid-19 pneumonia, leading to poorer outcomes.
A study published in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention found a lower risk of breast cancer among Puerto Rican women with greater sun exposure. Researchers believe this association may be linked to the production of vitamin D and its effects on inflammation and circadian rhythms.
Researchers have created a new approach to edit genes within specific bacteria in a community using CRISPR-Cas9, enabling targeted genetic modifications. This technology could be used to track edited microbes and potentially treat diseases like digestive issues or create more resilient crops.
Burt's Bees research finds that natural origin ingredients like bakuchiol, aloe, and rice milk improve skin health for all skin types and tones. The studies also show that these ingredients can restore skin barrier function and lead to positive subject-reported improvements.
Researchers have developed a new technique that allows visualization of every cell containing melanin pigment in 3D, in whole zebrafish. This breakthrough enables direct comparison of melanin content across normal and mutant fish, laying the foundation for further research on melanin-containing cancers.
Researchers found that UVB phototherapy increases levels of romantic passion and aggression in both men and women. Exposure to sunlight affects the endocrine system's regulation of sexual hormones.
A new study examining the association between type 2 diabetes mellitus and skin diseases reveals a strong link between the two conditions. The research, published in Chinese Medical Journal, found that 93.5% of individuals with T2DM had skin problems, including over 47 types of comorbid skin diseases.
Scientists at Massachusetts General Hospital discovered a biochemical mechanism that can darken human skin, providing natural protection against UV-related cancers. The enzyme NNT plays a key role in melanin production and inhibition of this enzyme may lead to skin darkening and reduced risk of skin cancers.
New research suggests a link between vitamin D deficiency and higher rates of heart disease among African Americans. The study found that darker-skinned individuals may be at greater risk of vitamin D deficiency due to lower levels of nitric oxide availability, which can lead to blood vessel dysfunction and hypertension.
A Stanford University study reveals that traits like skin pigmentation reveal little about genetic ancestry over time, regardless of mating scenarios. The researchers used a mathematical model to understand the decoupling of ancestry and traits, with implications for understanding social meaning of physical traits.
Researchers propose a new model to simulate temperature rise of laser-heated skin, taking into account melanosome pigments. The model predicts that darker skin is more prone to damage from laser irradiation.
Researchers identified three genetic regions associated with skin pigmentation and severe vitamin D deficiency in African Americans. The study's findings have implications for personalized vitamin D supplementation and potential cancer prevention.
A UNIGE team discovers that a single gene mutation affects every skin color in corn snakes, storing both pigments and crystals in lysosome-related vesicles. This study marks a significant step forward in understanding the origin of colors and patterns in vertebrates.
A new study analyzed skin color, genetic ancestry, and social attainment of 259 Black residents across four US cities, revealing geographic variations in ancestry and social attainment. The findings show that men with darker skin were more likely to be married, while women with lighter skin had better social status.
Researchers found a unique arrangement of pigment-packed granules in the skin of certain deep-sea fish, enabling them to absorb nearly all light. This discovery may lead to the development of more efficient ultra-black materials for optical technology and camouflage.
Researchers discovered genetic variants linked to vitamin D concentration and found that certain genes influence the body's ability to make vitamin D in response to sunlight. These findings provide new insights into how our bodies handle vitamin D and may help explain why low levels are associated with poor health.
The effects of skin aging differ among ethnic groups, with varying levels of damage from environmental factors such as sunlight. Key findings show that patients of color experience changes in pigmentation, while those of European descent have thinner skin and wrinkles.
A genetic study of over 6,000 Latin Americans has identified new variations associated with skin colour and eyesight. The research found that lighter skin among Eurasian people evolved independently from different genetic backgrounds.
Researchers discovered an East African pastoralist's introduction of the light skin allele to KhoeSan populations around 2,000 years ago. The allele underwent strong positive selection, resulting in the observed high frequencies of light skin pigmentation among the KhoeSan.
A recent study has identified the rapid evolution of a gene causing lighter skin pigmentation in southern Africa. The SLC24A5 gene was introduced from eastern Africa and underwent strong positive selection among KhoeSan populations.
Researchers identified a 48-hour cycle regulating the skin's response to ultraviolet rays, revealing a tradeoff between stress response and pigmentation. The 'UV-protection timer' optimizes sun damage prevention by synchronizing natural defense mechanisms.
Researchers found that exposing skin to ultraviolet light every 2 days resulted in darker pigmentation with less radiation damage than daily exposure. A 48-hour cycle of melanin production was observed in both mice and human cells, suggesting a natural timing mechanism for skin protection.
Researchers found targeting resident memory T cells restores pigmentation in mouse model of vitiligo, offering potential new treatment. Current treatments can restore color but depigmentation recurs in up to 40% of cases.