Articles tagged with Ethnicity
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers have identified 111 new chromosome locations associated with type 2 diabetes susceptibility in a large-scale study. The new loci were found to regulate the expression of at least 266 genes that neighbour the disease sites.
A new study found that overweight and obese individuals with early stage type 2 diabetes have more severe and progressive brain structure and cognition abnormalities compared to normal-weight participants. The research suggests that managing insulin resistance may be crucial in preserving brain function.
A new study by Boston University professor Christopher Salas-Wright reveals a 29% decrease in youth violence in the United States between 2002 and 2014. Despite encouraging findings, racial and ethnic disparities in youth violence persist.
The study found that incidence of type 1 diabetes increased by 1.8% annually from 2002 to 2012, while type 2 diabetes rose at a rate of 4.8%. Racial/ethnic minority groups experienced the most significant increases in new diagnosed cases.
A new special issue of the Journal of African American Studies explores the Black Panther Party's diversity, complexity, and impact on the Black Liberation Struggle. The issue features reflections, interviews with former Panthers, and insights into recent books on the BPP, offering a nuanced perspective on this militant group.
A new study from UT Austin found that impostor feelings worsen the effects of perceived discrimination on depression and anxiety among ethnic minority college students, especially African Americans. Researchers recommend including impostorism in mental health assessments to help overcome discriminatory experiences.
Researchers found significant ethnic differences in visual function among Chinese, Malay, and Indian participants with age-related macular degeneration. Visual acuity was poorer in Chinese participants with early or late AMD, while Malay participants showed a trend of worsening visual function with increasing AMD severity.
Research highlights the importance of social context, including policies, peer groups, and family relationships, in developing ethnic/racial identity among youth. Studies show that strong familial and religious identities can lead to better well-being, while peer group support can enhance cultural identity.
A University of Michigan study found that middle school boys who feel secure about their race are more likely to form diverse friendships. The researchers discovered that these boys tend to have more clarity about their ethnicity or race, which leads to greater friendship diversity.
A new study examined the Identity Project, a mental-health promotion intervention that explores ethnic and racial identities in young people. The program helps promote key developmental constructs that can enhance the positive development of youth from diverse backgrounds.
Canada dropped from sixth to seventh place in the 2017 World Happiness Report, but still ranked highly on key factors such as real GDP per capita and healthy life expectancy. The report highlights Canada's success in multiculturalism and integration, which helped build social trust and decrease economic and social segregation.
New research reveals a significant gap in statin eligibility for African Americans under different guidelines, highlighting the need for personalized treatment. The study found that stricter USPSTF guidelines may miss some individuals with vascular calcification and low or moderate risk.
A study found that approximately 1 in 4 African American individuals recommended for statin therapy under ACC/AHA guidelines are no longer eligible under USPSTF guidelines. This disparity highlights the need to personalize statin recommendation, leveraging targeted imaging measures.
The Journalists in Aging Fellows Program supports diverse voices and expert sources on aging issues. The program has produced over 450 news stories by its 118 alumni to date, educating journalists and disseminating information about new scientific findings, policy debates, innovations, and evidence-based solutions.
A recent study published in Environmental Health found that women of childbearing age in the US are eating more fish while having lower blood mercury concentrations. The research indicates that tailored fish consumption advisories based on region and ethnic group would help women eat healthier and monitor their mercury intake better.
A new study from the University of Tennessee at Knoxville shows that diversity within a wild songbird community enhances its members' access to food and increases their ability to solve problems. The research found that mixed-species groups are more effective in finding food sources and using problem-solving skills.
Research reveals PPCM is a global disease, presenting uniformly despite differences in healthcare systems and ethnic groups. Women with PPCM often experience heart failure and blood clots, highlighting the need for increased awareness and timely treatment.
A new study by Carnegie Mellon University researchers found that group tolerance is linked to perceptions of fairness and harm. People are more willing to coexist with others from different groups if they believe in universal moral values like fairness and harm.
A Yale-led study found racial disparities in Alpha Omega Alpha (AA) membership selection, with black and Asian medical school students less likely to be chosen than white students. The disparity suggests bias in the AA membership process, which could limit opportunities for minority medical students.
Incoming college students who already feel a connection to their institution are more likely to fit in and want to remain at the school. Ethnic minority students were less likely to feel a connection during orientation but had a stronger link to feelings of fitting in if they did.
Researchers found that people are significantly better than chance at matching names to faces, and this effect may be due to cultural stereotypes associated with names. The study used computer algorithms to also achieve high accuracy in matching names to faces.
A large multiethnic study found that being underweight increases early death risk among postmenopausal women. Higher waist circumference, but not excess weight, is associated with premature mortality, highlighting the dangers of abdominal fat.
A University of Missouri-Columbia professor developed a mandatory medical school curriculum focusing on indigenous health, addressing significant health inequalities among Native Americans. The curriculum was implemented in 2014 and has been recognized as a model for other universities to follow.
A study by Northwestern University found that delinquent youth are more likely to have multiple sexual partners and engage in unprotected vaginal sex with high-risk partners as they age. This risk is particularly pronounced among African American males, who are over four times more likely to have multiple partners.
Hispanic immigrant and African American men face the highest average workplace injury rate, with Hispanic immigrant men having a rate of 13.7 per 1,000 workers. The study highlights disparities in economic opportunities for minorities leading to hazardous job assignments that increase their risk of injury and disability.
A University at Buffalo-led study of 200 metropolitan areas over 40 years found that immigration is not linked to increased crime rates. In fact, robberies, burglaries, larceny, and murder rates are lower in places with higher immigration levels.
The University of Oklahoma has received a four-year grant to increase cultural diversity and grow the representation of Native Americans in curatorial and academic positions. The program will include paid internships, pre-doctoral fellowships, and a teaching assistantship for graduate students.
A study by University of Texas at Austin researchers found that middle school students of color who lose trust in their teachers due to perceptions of mistreatment from school authorities are less likely to attend college. The researchers also found that racial disparities in discipline contribute to this mistrust, with African America...
Longitudinal studies found that minority youth experienced biased treatment and lost trust in middle school, predicting behavioral issues and lower college attendance rates. A randomized experiment showed that surprise displays of respect from teachers can create trust and improve outcomes for minority students.
The project aims to develop inclusive research engagement networks to recruit underrepresented populations into brain health research. Key findings include the development of a sustainable online network to facilitate minority research engagement and knowledge sharing.
A study found that young Indigenous people's biological stress response is linked to the racism they experience, with impaired cortisol levels leading to a higher risk of poor mental health. The researchers suggest that this could be used to predict the development of mental health problems in First Nations' people.
A recent study published in International Journal of Epidemiology found that immigration raids can have a negative impact on the health of Latino newborns. Infants born to US-born and immigrant Latina mothers had a 24% greater risk of low birth weight compared to the previous year.
Research by Sam Houston State University found that Native Americans and Latinos were more likely to be denied access to good time benefits, while Asian offenders had better access. The study suggests that race-based stereotypes may influence judges' decisions on sentencing.
Research by University of Maryland Professor Sandra Crouse Quinn explores how race influences flu vaccine attitudes and behaviors. African Americans exhibit lower confidence in the vaccine safety process, lower trust, and skepticism, which hinder vaccination rates despite public health efforts.
A new study by The Dartmouth Institute finds that Accountable Care Organizations (ACOs) with a high proportion of minority patients tend to perform worse on quality-of-care measures. ACOs serving these populations often struggle to offer essential services like routine specialty care and palliative care.
Casey Miller's initiative aims to increase diversity in physics graduate education through inclusive practices and support structures for underrepresented students. The project will assess faculty attitudes, develop training materials, and provide workshops to improve holistic admissions and retention.
Margaret Werner-Washburne, a renowned biologist, has received the AAAS Lifetime Mentor Award for her groundbreaking work in mentoring underrepresented students. Her initiatives have led to a significant increase in Hispanic and Native American doctorates in biological sciences.
A recent study has identified signatures of ethnicity in the genome that reflect shared culture and environment rather than genetic ancestry. The researchers found that only three-quarters of epigenetic differences between Mexican and Puerto Rican children could be accounted for by genetic ancestry, suggesting a biological stamp made b...
Research reveals that African Americans are more likely to experience eosinophilic airway inflammation, making them less responsive to standard asthma treatments. This study highlights the need for personalized therapies tailored to individual airway inflammation patterns.
Catherine Girard, a Canadian researcher, studied the diet and health of the local Inuit population in Resolute Bay. Her findings, published in mSphere, mark the first time that Inuit microbiome has been described, revealing a surprisingly similar gut microbiome compared to Montreal residents.
A review of dermatology clinical trials found that racial and ethnic groups are underrepresented among study participants, with most being white. The lack of diversity is attributed to inadequate reporting of ethnicity and race, which may lead to a more homogenous population. To address this issue, the review suggests prioritizing raci...
Researchers found that the Inuit gut microbiome is remarkably similar to that of urbanized Westerners, with subtle differences in relative abundances of individual taxa. Dietary fiber is identified as a major factor driving the overall composition of the microbiome.
The study found a significant decrease in the rate of death and heart attack after noncardiac surgery, with an annual incidence of approximately 150,000 events. However, the risk of ischemic stroke increased over time, from 0.52% in 2004 to 0.77% in 2013.
A study finds that Arctic Inuit and Native American cold adaptations originated from an extinct hominid population related to the Denisovans. The archaic variant of the TBX15/WARS2 region was introduced into modern humans during their expansion, potentially providing a unique adaptive trait.
A new study by Northwestern Medicine documents poor long-term outcomes of delinquent youth after juvenile detention, highlighting stark racial and ethnic disparities. Females functioned significantly better than males in nearly every domain, despite facing similar problems.
A new study from King's College London has found a link between adolescent obesity and the risk of developing heart disease in early adulthood, regardless of ethnicity. The study tracked an ethnically diverse group of children and found that being overweight in early adolescence adversely affects cardiovascular health in the 20s.
Researchers found that both Hispanic and white infants looked longer at African-American faces than their own ethnicity, suggesting a level of ethnic awareness. The study advances understanding of social cognition and development, highlighting the importance of studying infant attention to faces.
Researchers found that Americans tend to imagine a Black person when thinking about welfare recipients, associating them with negative traits like laziness and incompetence. This mental image influences people's judgments about who deserves government assistance.
A study of 129,535 Americans aged 50+ found that never-smoking older African American women had the highest COPD prevalence, with 7% and 5.2% in White women, respectively. Hormones and second-hand smoke exposure may contribute to this vulnerability.
A new regional center for diabetes translation research has been established at Albert Einstein College of Medicine, supported by a $2.9-million NIH grant. The center aims to improve diabetes prevention and control in low-income communities and racial/ethnic groups disproportionately affected by the disease.
A MU study found that Hispanic adults with diabetes experienced significant improvements in blood sugar levels through peer support interventions. The meta-analysis of 17 randomized control trials suggests that these interventions can be an effective way to improve glycemic control and health education for minority patients.
Research from Oregon State University reveals numerous gaps in survivorship care for Latinas, including unmet needs for information, symptom management, and coordination among specialists. The study highlights the importance of understanding cultural context and developing tailored support systems to address these gaps.
Research reveals that African American and Latino children have significantly higher rates of corn, shellfish, and fish allergies compared to white children. The study found that wheat allergy is also more common among African American children, potentially contributing to higher rates of anaphylaxis and emergency room visits.
A new model examines how drug policy and criminal justice practices contribute to racial disparities in HIV rates. The tool highlights the disproportionate impact of drug-related arrests and sentencing on African American communities, affecting social marginalization, health care access, and intimate relationships.
A new study finds that quitlines are reaching more smokers from diverse racial groups. Quitline users represent only a small percentage of tobacco users in each group, but the service can help reach underserved populations.
A recent survey found that Asian Americans are the least likely racial or ethnic group in the US to receive type 2 diabetes screening, despite having a high risk of developing the disease. Only 47.1% of eligible Asian Americans received screening tests between 2012 and 2014.
Researchers found that large decadal-scale shifts in the Sierra Nevada fire regime were related to changes in human activity, rather than climate change. Human land use patterns heavily influenced the fire regime, with four distinct time periods identified.
The Gerontological Society of America has selected 16 distinguished reporters for the Journalists in Aging Fellows Program. The fellows will develop major aging-focused stories or series during GSA's Annual Scientific Meeting, exploring concerns such as elder isolation, homeless seniors, and the digital future.
A University of Huddersfield professor found that black and minority ethnic teachers need white endorsement to climb the career ladder. Despite being underrepresented, only 1% of head teachers are BME, highlighting the need for robust policy monitoring.
A study by UC Santa Barbara psychologist Brenda Major found that highly identified white Americans who feel threatened by diversity are more likely to support Donald Trump and endorse anti-immigrant policies. However, those less identified with their ethnicity tend to oppose Trump and support anti-bias norms.